version: 0.3.0

Hard to keep the package up to date without an active maintainer.

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
-project(quickshell VERSION "0.2.1" LANGUAGES CXX C)
+project(quickshell VERSION "0.3.0" LANGUAGES CXX C)
 
 set(UNRELEASED_FEATURES)
 

changelog/v0.3.0.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ set shell id.
 - Added the ability to handle move and resize events to FloatingWindow.
 - Pipewire service now reconnects if pipewire dies or a protocol error occurs.
 - Added pipewire audio peak detection.
-- Added initial support for network management.
+- Added network management support.
 - Added support for grabbing focus from popup windows.
 - Added support for IPC signal listeners.
 - Added Quickshell version checking and version gated preprocessing.
@@ -29,10 +29,12 @@ set shell id.
 - Added generic WindowManager interface implementing ext-workspace.
 - Added ext-background-effect window blur support.
 - Added per-corner radius support to Region.
+- Added ColorQuantizer region selection.
+- Added dialog window support to FloatingWindow.
+- Added lua config support to Hyprland module.
 
 ## Other Changes
 
-- FreeBSD is now partially supported.
 - IPC operations filter available instances to the current display connection by default.
 - PwNodeLinkTracker ignores sound level monitoring programs.
 - Replaced breakpad with cpptrace.
@@ -41,6 +43,9 @@ set shell id.
 - Added `QS_DISABLE_CRASH_HANDLER` environment variable to disable crash handling.
 - Added `QS_CRASHREPORT_URL` environment variable to allow overriding the crash reporter link.
 - Added `AppId` pragma and `QS_APP_ID` environment variable to allow overriding the desktop application ID.
+- Added `DropExpensiveFonts` pragma and `QS_DROP_EXPENSIVE_FONTS` environment variable which avoids loading fonts which may cause lag and excessive memory usage if many variants are used.
+- Added `DefaultEnv` pragma which sets an environment variable if not already set.
+- Unrecognized pragmas are no longer a hard error for future backward compatibility.
 
 ## Bug Fixes
 
@@ -64,6 +69,16 @@ set shell id.
 - Fixed partial socket reads in greetd and hyprland on slow machines.
 - Worked around Qt bug causing crashes when plugging and unplugging monitors.
 - Fixed HyprlandFocusGrab crashing if windows were destroyed after being passed to it.
+- Fixed ScreencopyView pixelation when scaled.
+- Fixed JsonAdapter crashing and providing bad data on read when using JsonObject.
+- Fixed JsonAdapter sending unnecessary property changes for primitive values.
+- Fixed JsonAdapter serialization for lists.
+- Fixed pipewire crashes after hotplugging devices and changing default outputs.
+- Fixed launches failing for `--daemonize` on some systems.
+- Fixed screencopy crashing when used across GPUs.
+- Fixed pipewire volumes not working for some pw-pulse clients.
+- Fixed nulls in Toplevel.screens after unplugging a monitor.
+- Fixed some DbusMenu updates being dropped from apps.
 
 ## Packaging Changes
 

default.nix

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 
   unwrapped = stdenv.mkDerivation {
     pname = "quickshell${lib.optionalString debug "-debug"}";
-    version = "0.2.1";
+    version = "0.3.0";
     src = nix-gitignore.gitignoreSource "/default.nix\n" ./.;
 
     dontWrapQtApps = true; # see wrappers

quickshell.scm

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-(define-module (quickshell)
-  #:use-module ((guix licenses) #:prefix license:)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages cpp)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages freedesktop)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages gcc)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages gl)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages jemalloc)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages linux)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages ninja)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages pkg-config)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages qt)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages vulkan)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages xdisorg)
-  #:use-module (gnu packages xorg)
-  #:use-module (guix build-system cmake)
-  #:use-module (guix download)
-  #:use-module (guix gexp)
-  #:use-module (guix git-download)
-  #:use-module (guix packages)
-  #:use-module (guix packages)
-  #:use-module (guix utils))
-
-(define-public quickshell-git
-  (package
-    (name "quickshell")
-    (version "git")
-    (source (local-file "." "quickshell-checkout"
-                        #:recursive? #t
-                        #:select? (or (git-predicate (current-source-directory))
-                                      (const #t))))
-    (build-system cmake-build-system)
-    (propagated-inputs (list qtbase qtdeclarative qtsvg))
-    (native-inputs (list ninja
-                         gcc-14
-                         pkg-config
-                         qtshadertools
-                         spirv-tools
-                         wayland-protocols
-                         cli11))
-    (inputs (list jemalloc
-                  libdrm
-                  libxcb
-                  libxkbcommon
-                  linux-pam
-                  polkit
-                  mesa
-                  pipewire
-                  qtbase
-                  qtdeclarative
-                  qtwayland
-                  vulkan-headers
-                  wayland))
-    (arguments
-     (list #:tests? #f
-           #:configure-flags
-           #~(list "-GNinja"
-                   "-DDISTRIBUTOR=\"In-tree Guix channel\""
-                   "-DDISTRIBUTOR_DEBUGINFO_AVAILABLE=NO"
-                   "-DCRASH_HANDLER=OFF")
-           #:phases
-           #~(modify-phases %standard-phases
-               (replace 'build (lambda _ (invoke "cmake" "--build" ".")))
-               (replace 'install (lambda _ (invoke "cmake" "--install" ".")))
-               (add-after 'install 'wrap-program
-                 (lambda* (#:key inputs #:allow-other-keys)
-                   (wrap-program (string-append #$output "/bin/quickshell")
-                     `("QML_IMPORT_PATH" ":"
-                       = (,(getenv "QML_IMPORT_PATH")))))))))
-    (home-page "https://quickshell.outfoxxed.me")
-    (synopsis "QtQuick-based desktop shell toolkit")
-    (description
-     "Quickshell is a flexible QtQuick-based toolkit for creating and
-customizing toolbars, notification centers, and other desktop
-environment tools in a live programming environment.")
-    (license license:lgpl3)))
-
-quickshell-git

src/core/colorquantizer.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <qnumeric.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
 #include <qqmllist.h>
+#include <qrect.h>
 #include <qrgb.h>
 #include <qthreadpool.h>
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
@@ -24,9 +25,15 @@ namespace {
 QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logColorQuantizer, "quickshell.colorquantizer", QtWarningMsg);
 }
 
-ColorQuantizerOperation::ColorQuantizerOperation(QUrl* source, qreal depth, qreal rescaleSize)
+ColorQuantizerOperation::ColorQuantizerOperation(
+    QUrl* source,
+    qreal depth,
+    QRect imageRect,
+    qreal rescaleSize
+)
     : source(source)
     , maxDepth(depth)
+    , imageRect(imageRect)
     , rescaleSize(rescaleSize) {
 	this->setAutoDelete(false);
 }
@@ -37,6 +44,11 @@ void ColorQuantizerOperation::quantizeImage(const QAtomicInteger<bool>& shouldCa
 	this->colors.clear();
 
 	auto image = QImage(this->source->toLocalFile());
+
+	if (this->imageRect.isValid()) {
+		image = image.copy(this->imageRect);
+	}
+
 	if ((image.width() > this->rescaleSize || image.height() > this->rescaleSize)
 	    && this->rescaleSize > 0)
 	{
@@ -198,16 +210,27 @@ void ColorQuantizer::setDepth(qreal depth) {
 		this->mDepth = depth;
 		emit this->depthChanged();
 
-		if (this->componentCompleted) this->quantizeAsync();
+		if (this->componentCompleted && !this->mSource.isEmpty()) this->quantizeAsync();
 	}
 }
 
+void ColorQuantizer::setImageRect(QRect imageRect) {
+	if (this->mImageRect != imageRect) {
+		this->mImageRect = imageRect;
+		emit this->imageRectChanged();
+
+		if (this->componentCompleted && !this->mSource.isEmpty()) this->quantizeAsync();
+	}
+}
+
+void ColorQuantizer::resetImageRect() { this->setImageRect(QRect()); }
+
 void ColorQuantizer::setRescaleSize(int rescaleSize) {
 	if (this->mRescaleSize != rescaleSize) {
 		this->mRescaleSize = rescaleSize;
 		emit this->rescaleSizeChanged();
 
-		if (this->componentCompleted) this->quantizeAsync();
+		if (this->componentCompleted && !this->mSource.isEmpty()) this->quantizeAsync();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -221,8 +244,13 @@ void ColorQuantizer::quantizeAsync() {
 	if (this->liveOperation) this->cancelAsync();
 
 	qCDebug(logColorQuantizer) << "Starting color quantization asynchronously";
-	this->liveOperation =
-	    new ColorQuantizerOperation(&this->mSource, this->mDepth, this->mRescaleSize);
+
+	this->liveOperation = new ColorQuantizerOperation(
+	    &this->mSource,
+	    this->mDepth,
+	    this->mImageRect,
+	    this->mRescaleSize
+	);
 
 	QObject::connect(
 	    this->liveOperation,

src/core/colorquantizer.hpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <qproperty.h>
 #include <qqmlintegration.h>
 #include <qqmlparserstatus.h>
+#include <qrect.h>
 #include <qrunnable.h>
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ class ColorQuantizerOperation
 	Q_OBJECT;
 
 public:
-	explicit ColorQuantizerOperation(QUrl* source, qreal depth, qreal rescaleSize);
+	explicit ColorQuantizerOperation(QUrl* source, qreal depth, QRect imageRect, qreal rescaleSize);
 
 	void run() override;
 	void tryCancel();
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ private:
 	QList<QColor> colors;
 	QUrl* source;
 	qreal maxDepth;
+	QRect imageRect;
 	qreal rescaleSize;
 };
 
@@ -78,9 +80,16 @@ class ColorQuantizer
 	/// binary split of the color space
 	Q_PROPERTY(qreal depth READ depth WRITE setDepth NOTIFY depthChanged);
 
+	// clang-format off
+	/// Rectangle that the source image is cropped to.
+	///
+	/// Can be set to `undefined` to reset.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QRect imageRect READ imageRect WRITE setImageRect RESET resetImageRect NOTIFY imageRectChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+
 	/// The size to rescale the image to, when rescaleSize is 0 then no scaling will be done.
 	/// > [!NOTE] Results from color quantization doesn't suffer much when rescaling, it's
-	/// > reccommended to rescale, otherwise the quantization process will take much longer.
+	/// > recommended to rescale, otherwise the quantization process will take much longer.
 	Q_PROPERTY(qreal rescaleSize READ rescaleSize WRITE setRescaleSize NOTIFY rescaleSizeChanged);
 
 public:
@@ -97,6 +106,10 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] qreal depth() const { return this->mDepth; }
 	void setDepth(qreal depth);
 
+	[[nodiscard]] QRect imageRect() const { return this->mImageRect; }
+	void setImageRect(QRect imageRect);
+	void resetImageRect();
+
 	[[nodiscard]] qreal rescaleSize() const { return this->mRescaleSize; }
 	void setRescaleSize(int rescaleSize);
 
@@ -104,6 +117,7 @@ signals:
 	void colorsChanged();
 	void sourceChanged();
 	void depthChanged();
+	void imageRectChanged();
 	void rescaleSizeChanged();
 
 public slots:
@@ -117,6 +131,7 @@ private:
 	ColorQuantizerOperation* liveOperation = nullptr;
 	QUrl mSource;
 	qreal mDepth = 0;
+	QRect mImageRect;
 	qreal mRescaleSize = 0;
 
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(

src/core/iconprovider.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "generation.hpp"
 
-// QMenu re-calls pixmap() every time the mouse moves so its important to cache it.
+// QMenu re-calls pixmap() every time the mouse moves so it's important to cache it.
 class PixmapCacheIconEngine: public QIconEngine {
 	void paint(
 	    QPainter* /*unused*/,

src/core/logging.cpp

@@ -257,11 +257,23 @@ void LogManager::filterCategory(QLoggingCategory* category) {
 		filter.warn = filter.info || instance->mDefaultLevel == QtWarningMsg || defaultLevel == QtWarningMsg;
 		filter.critical = filter.warn || instance->mDefaultLevel == QtCriticalMsg || defaultLevel == QtCriticalMsg;
 		// clang-format on
-	} else if (instance->lastCategoryFilter) {
+	} else {
+		if (instance->lastCategoryFilter) {
 			instance->lastCategoryFilter(category);
 			filter = CategoryFilter(category);
 		}
 
+		// Hides virtual/override property warnings.
+		// Getting rid of this is blocked by https://qt-project.atlassian.net/browse/QTBUG-145977
+		// for internal Quickshell types, and may still be desired for shells that want to maintain
+		// compatibility with Qt versions prior to 6.11.
+		if (categoryName == QLatin1StringView("qt.qml.propertyCache.append")
+		    && !qEnvironmentVariableIsSet("QS_NO_FILTER_QT_LOGS"))
+		{
+			filter.warn = false;
+		}
+	}
+
 	for (const auto& rule: *instance->rules) {
 		filter.applyRule(categoryName, rule);
 	}
@@ -310,10 +322,15 @@ void LogManager::init(
 		instance->rules->append(parser.rules());
 	}
 
-	qInstallMessageHandler(&LogManager::messageHandler);
-
 	instance->lastCategoryFilter = QLoggingCategory::installFilter(&LogManager::filterCategory);
 
+	if (instance->lastCategoryFilter == &LogManager::filterCategory) {
+		qCFatal(logLogging) << "Quickshell's log filter has been installed twice. This is a bug.";
+		instance->lastCategoryFilter = nullptr;
+	}
+
+	qInstallMessageHandler(&LogManager::messageHandler);
+
 	qCDebug(logLogging) << "Creating offthread logger...";
 	auto* thread = new QThread();
 	instance->threadProxy.moveToThread(thread);

src/core/model.hpp

@@ -138,6 +138,10 @@ public:
 		qsizetype oi = 0;
 		for (auto* object: newValues) {
 			if (this->mValuesList.length() == oi || this->mValuesList.at(oi) != object) {
+				// object may already be present further down (reorder case);
+				// drop the old row first so the same pointer is not inserted twice.
+				auto old = this->mValuesList.indexOf(object, oi);
+				if (old != -1) this->removeAt(old);
 				this->insertObject(object, oi);
 			}
 

src/core/paths.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "paths.hpp"
 #include <cerrno>
 #include <cstdio>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <utility>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -9,7 +10,6 @@
 #include <qdir.h>
 #include <qlogging.h>
 #include <qloggingcategory.h>
-#include <qpair.h>
 #include <qstandardpaths.h>
 #include <qtenvironmentvariables.h>
 #include <qtversionchecks.h>
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ QDir* QsPaths::baseRunDir() {
 	if (this->baseRunState == DirState::Unknown) {
 		auto runtimeDir = qEnvironmentVariable("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
 		if (runtimeDir.isEmpty()) {
-			runtimeDir = QString("/run/user/$1").arg(getuid());
+			runtimeDir = QString("/run/user/%1").arg(getuid());
 			qCInfo(logPaths) << "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR was not set, defaulting to" << runtimeDir;
 		}
 
@@ -412,10 +412,11 @@ bool QsPaths::checkLock(const QString& path, InstanceLockInfo* info, bool allowD
 	return true;
 }
 
-QPair<QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>>
+std::tuple<QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>>
 QsPaths::collectInstances(const QString& path, const QString& display) {
 	qCDebug(logPaths) << "Collecting instances from" << path;
 	auto liveInstances = QVector<InstanceLockInfo>();
+	auto mismatchedInstances = QVector<InstanceLockInfo>();
 	auto deadInstances = QVector<InstanceLockInfo>();
 	auto dir = QDir(path);
 
@@ -427,20 +428,22 @@ QsPaths::collectInstances(const QString& path, const QString& display) {
 			qCDebug(logPaths).nospace() << "Found instance " << info.instance.instanceId << " (pid "
 			                            << info.pid << ") at " << path;
 
-			if (!display.isEmpty() && info.instance.display != display) {
-				qCDebug(logPaths) << "Skipped instance with mismatched display at" << path;
+			if (info.pid == -1) {
+				deadInstances.push_back(info);
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			if (info.pid == -1) {
-				deadInstances.push_back(info);
-			} else {
-				liveInstances.push_back(info);
+			if (!display.isEmpty() && info.instance.display != display) {
+				qCDebug(logPaths) << "Skipped instance with mismatched display at" << path;
+				mismatchedInstances.push_back(info);
+				continue;
 			}
+
+			liveInstances.push_back(info);
 		} else {
 			qCDebug(logPaths) << "Skipped potential instance at" << path;
 		}
 	}
 
-	return qMakePair(liveInstances, deadInstances);
+	return {liveInstances, mismatchedInstances, deadInstances};
 }

src/core/paths.hpp

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
+#include <tuple>
+
+#include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdatetime.h>
 #include <qdir.h>
 #include <qpair.h>
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ public:
 	static QString ipcPath(const QString& id);
 	static bool
 	checkLock(const QString& path, InstanceLockInfo* info = nullptr, bool allowDead = false);
-	static QPair<QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>>
+	static std::tuple<QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>, QVector<InstanceLockInfo>>
 	collectInstances(const QString& path, const QString& display);
 
 	QDir* baseRunDir();

src/core/qmlglobal.cpp

@@ -18,14 +18,17 @@
 #include <qscreen.h>
 #include <qtenvironmentvariables.h>
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtversion.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 #include <qvariant.h>
+#include <qversionnumber.h>
 #include <qwindowdefs.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include "../io/processcore.hpp"
 #include "generation.hpp"
 #include "iconimageprovider.hpp"
+#include "instanceinfo.hpp"
 #include "paths.hpp"
 #include "qmlscreen.hpp"
 #include "rootwrapper.hpp"
@@ -153,6 +156,22 @@ qint32 QuickshellGlobal::processId() const { // NOLINT
 	return getpid();
 }
 
+QString QuickshellGlobal::instanceId() const { // NOLINT
+	return InstanceInfo::CURRENT.instanceId;
+}
+
+QString QuickshellGlobal::shellId() const { // NOLINT
+	return InstanceInfo::CURRENT.shellId;
+}
+
+QString QuickshellGlobal::appId() const { // NOLINT
+	return InstanceInfo::CURRENT.appId;
+}
+
+QDateTime QuickshellGlobal::launchTime() const { // NOLINT
+	return InstanceInfo::CURRENT.launchTime;
+}
+
 qsizetype QuickshellGlobal::screensCount(QQmlListProperty<QuickshellScreenInfo>* /*unused*/) {
 	return QuickshellTracked::instance()->screens.size();
 }
@@ -326,6 +345,12 @@ bool QuickshellGlobal::hasVersion(qint32 major, qint32 minor) {
 	return QuickshellGlobal::hasVersion(major, minor, QStringList());
 }
 
+bool QuickshellGlobal::hasQtVersion(int major, int minor) {
+	auto qtVersion = QVersionNumber::fromString(qVersion());
+	auto requiredVersion = QVersionNumber(major, minor);
+	return qtVersion >= requiredVersion;
+}
+
 QuickshellGlobal* QuickshellGlobal::create(QQmlEngine* engine, QJSEngine* /*unused*/) {
 	auto* qsg = new QuickshellGlobal();
 	auto* generation = EngineGeneration::findEngineGeneration(engine);

src/core/qmlglobal.hpp

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "../io/processcore.hpp"
 #include "doc.hpp"
+#include "instanceinfo.hpp"
 #include "qmlscreen.hpp"
 
 ///! Accessor for some options under the Quickshell type.
@@ -83,6 +84,21 @@ class QuickshellGlobal: public QObject {
 	// clang-format off
 	/// Quickshell's process id.
 	Q_PROPERTY(qint32 processId READ processId CONSTANT);
+	/// A unique identifier for this Quickshell instance
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString instanceId READ instanceId CONSTANT)
+	/// The shell ID, used to differentiate between different shell configurations.
+	///
+	/// Defaults to a stable value derived from the config path.
+	/// Can be overridden with `//@ pragma ShellId <id>` in the root qml file.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString shellId READ shellId CONSTANT)
+	/// The desktop application ID.
+	///
+	/// Defaults to `org.quickshell`.
+	/// Can be overridden with `//@ pragma AppId <id>` in the root qml file
+	/// or the `QS_APP_ID` environment variable.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString appId READ appId CONSTANT)
+	/// The time at which this Quickshell instance was launched.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QDateTime launchTime READ launchTime CONSTANT)
 	/// All currently connected screens.
 	///
 	/// This property updates as connected screens change.
@@ -149,6 +165,10 @@ class QuickshellGlobal: public QObject {
 
 public:
 	[[nodiscard]] qint32 processId() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QString instanceId() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QString shellId() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QString appId() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QDateTime launchTime() const;
 
 	QQmlListProperty<QuickshellScreenInfo> screens();
 
@@ -224,7 +244,7 @@ public:
 	/// it is assumed that all unreleased features are present. The unreleased feature list
 	/// may be omitted.
 	///
-	/// > [!NOTE] You can feature gate code blocks using Quickshell's preprocessor which
+	/// > [!NOTE] You can version gate code blocks using Quickshell's preprocessor which
 	/// > has the same function available.
 	/// >
 	/// > ```qml
@@ -234,6 +254,17 @@ public:
 	/// > ```
 	Q_INVOKABLE static bool hasVersion(qint32 major, qint32 minor, const QStringList& features);
 	Q_INVOKABLE static bool hasVersion(qint32 major, qint32 minor);
+	/// Check if Qt's version is at least `major.minor`.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] You can version gate code blocks using Quickshell's preprocessor which
+	/// > has the same function available.
+	/// >
+	/// > ```qml
+	/// > //@ if hasVersion(6, 10)
+	/// > ...
+	/// > //@ endif
+	/// > ```
+	Q_INVOKABLE static bool hasQtVersion(qint32 major, qint32 minor);
 
 	void clearReloadPopupInhibit() { this->mInhibitReloadPopup = false; }
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isReloadPopupInhibited() const { return this->mInhibitReloadPopup; }

src/core/qmlscreen.hpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 /// Monitor object useful for setting the monitor for a @@QsWindow
 /// or querying information about the monitor.
 ///
-/// > [!WARNING] If the monitor is disconnected than any stored copies of its ShellMonitor will
+/// > [!WARNING] If the monitor is disconnected, then any stored copies of its ShellMonitor will
 /// > be marked as dangling and all properties will return default values.
 /// > Reconnecting the monitor will not reconnect it to the ShellMonitor object.
 ///

src/core/region.cpp

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ QRegion PendingRegion::applyTo(QRegion& region) const {
 }
 
 QRegion PendingRegion::applyTo(const QRect& rect) const {
-	// if left as the default, dont combine it with the whole rect area, leave it as is.
+	// if left as the default, don't combine it with the whole rect area, leave it as is.
 	if (this->mIntersection == Intersection::Combine) {
 		return this->build();
 	} else {

src/core/reload.cpp

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ QObject* Reloadable::getChildByReloadId(QObject* parent, const QString& reloadId
 		auto* reloadable = qobject_cast<Reloadable*>(child);
 		if (reloadable != nullptr) {
 			if (reloadable->mReloadableId == reloadId) return reloadable;
-			// if not then don't check its children as thats a seperate reload scope.
+			// if not then don't check its children as that's a separate reload scope.
 		} else {
 			auto* reloadable = Reloadable::getChildByReloadId(child, reloadId);
 			if (reloadable != nullptr) return reloadable;

src/core/reload.hpp

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Reloadable
 	/// previous state.
 	///
 	/// Simply keeping a stable identifier across config versions (saves) is
-	/// enough to help the reloader figure out which object in the old revision corrosponds to
+	/// enough to help the reloader figure out which object in the old revision corresponds to
 	/// this object in the current revision, and facilitate smoother reloading.
 	///
 	/// Note that identifiers are scoped, and will try to do the right thing in context.

src/core/scan.cpp

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ void QmlScanner::scanDir(const QDir& dir) {
 		QString qmldir;
 		auto stream = QTextStream(&qmldir);
 
-		// cant derive a module name if not in shell path
+		// can't derive a module name if not in shell path
 		if (path.startsWith(this->rootPath.path())) {
 			auto end = path.sliced(this->rootPath.path().length());
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ bool QmlScanner::scanQmlFile(const QString& path, bool& singleton, bool& interna
 			if (!singleton && line == "pragma Singleton") {
 				singleton = true;
 			} else if (line.startsWith("import")) {
-				// we dont care about "import qs" as we always load the root folder
+				// we don't care about "import qs" as we always load the root folder
 				if (auto importCursor = line.indexOf(" qs."); importCursor != -1) {
 					importCursor += 4;
 					QString path;
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ bool QmlScanner::scanQmlFile(const QString& path, bool& singleton, bool& interna
 				mask = false;
 			}
 			if (!sourceMasked && mask) hideMask = true;
-			mask = sourceMasked || mask; // cant unmask if a nested if passes
+			mask = sourceMasked || mask; // can't unmask if a nested if passes
 			ifScopes.append(mask);
 			if (mask) isOverridden = true;
 			sourceMasked = mask;

src/core/scanenv.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qtenvironmentvariables.h>
+#include <qtversion.h>
+#include <qversionnumber.h>
 
 #include "build.hpp"
 
@@ -20,6 +22,12 @@ bool PreprocEnv::hasVersion(int major, int minor, const QStringList& features) {
 	return QS_VERSION_MAJOR == major && QS_VERSION_MINOR == minor;
 }
 
+bool PreprocEnv::hasQtVersion(int major, int minor) {
+	auto qtVersion = QVersionNumber::fromString(qVersion());
+	auto requiredVersion = QVersionNumber(major, minor);
+	return qtVersion >= requiredVersion;
+}
+
 QString PreprocEnv::env(const QString& variable) {
 	return qEnvironmentVariable(variable.toStdString().c_str());
 }

src/core/scanenv.hpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ class PreprocEnv: public QObject {
 public:
 	Q_INVOKABLE static bool
 	hasVersion(int major, int minor, const QStringList& features = QStringList());
+	Q_INVOKABLE static bool hasQtVersion(int major, int minor);
 
 	Q_INVOKABLE static QString env(const QString& variable);
 	Q_INVOKABLE static bool isEnvSet(const QString& variable);

src/core/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ qs_test(transformwatcher transformwatcher.cpp)
 qs_test(ringbuffer ringbuf.cpp)
 qs_test(scriptmodel scriptmodel.cpp)
 qs_test(stacklist stacklist.cpp)
+qs_test(objectmodel objectmodel.cpp)

src/core/test/objectmodel.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include "objectmodel.hpp"
+
+#include <qlist.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qtest.h>
+#include <qtestcase.h>
+
+#include "../model.hpp"
+
+void TestObjectModel::diffUpdateInsertRemove() {
+	QObject a;
+	QObject b;
+	QObject c;
+	QObject d;
+
+	auto model = ObjectModel<QObject>(nullptr);
+	model.insertObject(&a);
+	model.insertObject(&b);
+	model.insertObject(&c);
+	QCOMPARE(model.valueList(), (QList<QObject*> {&a, &b, &c}));
+
+	// drop b, append d — relative order of survivors unchanged
+	model.diffUpdate({&a, &c, &d});
+	QCOMPARE(model.valueList(), (QList<QObject*> {&a, &c, &d}));
+}
+
+void TestObjectModel::diffUpdateReorder() {
+	QObject a;
+	QObject b;
+	QObject c;
+	QObject d;
+
+	auto model = ObjectModel<QObject>(nullptr);
+	model.insertObject(&d);
+	model.insertObject(&a);
+	model.insertObject(&b);
+	model.insertObject(&c);
+	QCOMPARE(model.valueList(), (QList<QObject*> {&d, &a, &b, &c}));
+
+	// pure permutation: same elements, different order. Previously turned
+	// [d,a,b,c] into [a,b,c,d,a,b,c] because the old row was never removed
+	// before inserting at the new index.
+	model.diffUpdate({&a, &b, &c, &d});
+	QCOMPARE(model.valueList(), (QList<QObject*> {&a, &b, &c, &d}));
+}
+
+QTEST_MAIN(TestObjectModel);

src/core/test/objectmodel.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+
+class TestObjectModel: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+private slots:
+	static void diffUpdateInsertRemove();
+	static void diffUpdateReorder();
+};

src/core/test/scriptmodel.cpp

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void TestScriptModel::unique_data() {
 	QTest::addRow("move_overlapping")
 	    << "ABCDEFG" << "ABDEFCG" << OpList({{ModelOperation::Move, 3, 3, 2}});
 
-	// Ensure iterators arent skipping anything at the end of operations by performing
+	// Ensure iterators aren't skipping anything at the end of operations by performing
 	// multiple back to back.
 
 	QTest::addRow("insert_state_ok") << "ABCDEFG" << "ABXXEFG"

src/core/toolsupport.cpp

@@ -177,6 +177,8 @@ void QmlToolingSupport::updateToolingFs(
 		auto fileInfo = QFileInfo(path);
 		if (!fileInfo.isFile()) continue;
 
+		if (scanner.fileIntercepts.contains(path)) continue;
+
 		auto spath = linkDir.filePath(name);
 		auto sFileInfo = QFileInfo(spath);
 
@@ -205,8 +207,10 @@ void QmlToolingSupport::updateToolingFs(
 		}
 
 		auto spath = linkDir.filePath(name);
+		QFile::remove(spath);
+
 		auto file = QFile(spath);
-		if (!file.open(QFile::ReadWrite | QFile::Text)) {
+		if (!file.open(QFile::ReadWrite | QFile::Text | QFile::NewOnly)) {
 			qCCritical(logTooling) << "Failed to open injected file" << spath;
 			continue;
 		}

src/core/variants.cpp

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void Variants::updateVariants() {
 
 		{
 			if (this->mInstances.contains(variant)) {
-				continue; // we dont need to recreate this one
+				continue; // we don't need to recreate this one
 			}
 
 			auto variantMap = QVariantMap();

src/core/variants.hpp

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class Variants: public Reloadable {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	/// The component to create instances of.
 	///
-	/// The delegate should define a `modelData` property that will be popuplated with a value
+	/// The delegate should define a `modelData` property that will be populated with a value
 	/// from the @@model.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QQmlComponent* delegate MEMBER mDelegate);
 	/// The list of sets of properties to create instances with.

src/dbus/dbusmenu/dbusmenu.cpp

@@ -301,6 +301,13 @@ DBusMenu::DBusMenu(const QString& service, const QString& path, QObject* parent)
 	    &DBusMenu::onLayoutUpdated
 	);
 
+	QObject::connect(
+	    this->interface,
+	    &DBusMenuInterface::ItemsPropertiesUpdated,
+	    this,
+	    &DBusMenu::onItemPropertiesUpdated
+	);
+
 	this->properties.setInterface(this->interface);
 	this->properties.updateAllViaGetAll();
 }

src/io/datastream.cpp

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ void SplitParser::parseBytes(QByteArray& incoming, QByteArray& buffer) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	// make sure we dont miss any delimiters in the buffer if the delimiter changes
+	// make sure we don't miss any delimiters in the buffer if the delimiter changes
 	if (this->mSplitMarkerChanged) {
 		this->mSplitMarkerChanged = false;
 		this->parseBytes(buffer, buffer);

src/io/fileview.hpp

@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ class FileViewError: public QObject {
 
 public:
 	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		/// No error occured.
+		/// No error occurred.
 		Success = 0,
-		/// An unknown error occured. Check the logs for details.
+		/// An unknown error occurred. Check the logs for details.
 		Unknown = 1,
 		/// The file to read does not exist.
 		FileNotFound = 2,

src/io/jsonadapter.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #include "jsonadapter.hpp"
 
+#include <qassociativeiterable.h>
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qjsonarray.h>
 #include <qjsondocument.h>
 #include <qjsonobject.h>
 #include <qjsonvalue.h>
 #include <qjsvalue.h>
+#include <qmetacontainer.h>
 #include <qmetaobject.h>
 #include <qnamespace.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <qqmlengine.h>
 #include <qqmlinfo.h>
 #include <qqmllist.h>
+#include <qsequentialiterable.h>
 #include <qstringview.h>
 #include <qvariant.h>
 
@@ -131,13 +134,22 @@ QJsonObject JsonAdapter::serializeRec(const QObject* obj, const QMetaObject* bas
 				}
 
 				json.insert(prop.name(), array);
-			} else if (val.canConvert<QJSValue>()) {
-				auto variant = val.value<QJSValue>().toVariant();
-				auto jv = QJsonValue::fromVariant(variant);
-				json.insert(prop.name(), jv);
 			} else {
-				auto jv = QJsonValue::fromVariant(val);
-				json.insert(prop.name(), jv);
+				if (val.canConvert<QJSValue>()) val = val.value<QJSValue>().toVariant();
+
+				auto jsonVal = QJsonValue::fromVariant(val);
+
+				if (jsonVal.isNull() && !val.isNull() && val.isValid()) {
+					if (val.canConvert<QAssociativeIterable>()) {
+						val.convert(QMetaType::fromType<QVariantMap>());
+					} else if (val.canConvert<QSequentialIterable>()) {
+						val.convert(QMetaType::fromType<QVariantList>());
+					}
+
+					jsonVal = QJsonValue::fromVariant(val);
+				}
+
+				json.insert(prop.name(), jsonVal);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -154,14 +166,16 @@ void JsonAdapter::deserializeRec(const QJsonObject& json, QObject* obj, const QM
 			auto jval = json.value(prop.name());
 
 			if (prop.metaType() == QMetaType::fromType<QVariant>()) {
-				auto variant = jval.toVariant();
-				auto oldValue = prop.read(this).value<QJSValue>();
+				auto newVariant = jval.toVariant();
+				auto oldValue = prop.read(obj);
+				auto oldVariant =
+				    oldValue.canConvert<QJSValue>() ? oldValue.value<QJSValue>().toVariant() : oldValue;
 
 				// Calling prop.write with a new QJSValue will cause a property update
 				// even if content is identical.
-				if (jval.toVariant() != oldValue.toVariant()) {
-					auto jsValue = qmlEngine(this)->fromVariant<QJSValue>(jval.toVariant());
-					prop.write(this, QVariant::fromValue(jsValue));
+				if (newVariant != oldVariant) {
+					auto jsValue = qmlEngine(this)->fromVariant<QJSValue>(newVariant);
+					prop.write(obj, QVariant::fromValue(jsValue));
 				}
 			} else if (QMetaType::canView(prop.metaType(), QMetaType::fromType<JsonObject*>())) {
 				// FIXME: This doesn't support creating descendants of JsonObject, as QMetaType.metaObject()
@@ -196,7 +210,7 @@ void JsonAdapter::deserializeRec(const QJsonObject& json, QObject* obj, const QM
 			               QMetaType::fromType<QQmlListProperty<JsonObject>>()
 			           ))
 			{
-				auto pval = prop.read(this);
+				auto pval = prop.read(obj);
 
 				if (pval.canConvert<QQmlListProperty<JsonObject>>()) {
 					auto lp = pval.value<QQmlListProperty<JsonObject>>();
@@ -247,12 +261,35 @@ void JsonAdapter::deserializeRec(const QJsonObject& json, QObject* obj, const QM
 				}
 			} else {
 				auto variant = jval.toVariant();
+				auto convVariant = variant;
 
-				if (variant.convert(prop.metaType())) {
-					prop.write(obj, variant);
+				if (convVariant.convert(prop.metaType())) {
+					prop.write(obj, convVariant);
+				} else {
+					auto pval = prop.read(obj);
+					if (variant.canConvert<QSequentialIterable>() && pval.canView<QSequentialIterable>()) {
+						auto targetv = QVariant(pval.metaType());
+						auto target = targetv.view<QSequentialIterable>().metaContainer();
+						auto valueType = target.valueMetaType();
+						auto i = 0;
+
+						for (QVariant item: variant.value<QSequentialIterable>()) {
+							if (item.convert(valueType)) {
+								target.addValueAtEnd(targetv.data(), item.constData());
+							} else {
+								qmlWarning(this) << "Failed to deserialize list member " << i << " of property "
+								                 << prop.name() << ": expected " << valueType.name() << " but got "
+								                 << item.typeName();
+							}
+
+							++i;
+						}
+						prop.write(obj, targetv);
 					} else {
 						qmlWarning(this) << "Failed to deserialize property " << prop.name() << ": expected "
-					                 << prop.metaType().name() << " but got " << jval.toVariant().typeName();
+						                 << prop.metaType().name() << " but got "
+						                 << jval.toVariant().typeName();
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}

src/io/socket.hpp

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class SocketServer: public Reloadable {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	/// If the socket server is currently active. Defaults to false.
 	///
-	/// Setting this to false will destory all active connections and delete
+	/// Setting this to false will destroy all active connections and delete
 	/// the socket file on disk.
 	///
 	/// If path is empty setting this property will have no effect.
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class SocketServer: public Reloadable {
 	///
 	/// Setting this property while the server is active will have no effect.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString path READ path WRITE setPath NOTIFY pathChanged);
-	/// Connection handler component. Must creeate a @@Socket.
+	/// Connection handler component. Must create a @@Socket.
 	///
 	/// The created socket should not set @@connected or @@path or the incoming
 	/// socket connection will be dropped (they will be set by the socket server.)

src/ipc/ipc.hpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 template <typename... Types>
 constexpr void assertSerializable() {
-	// monostate being zero ensures transactional reads wont break
+	// monostate being zero ensures transactional reads won't break
 	static_assert(
 	    std::is_same_v<std::variant_alternative_t<0, std::variant<Types...>>, std::monostate>,
 	    "Serialization of variants without std::monostate at index 0 is disallowed."

src/launch/command.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <qdebug.h>
 #include <qdir.h>
 #include <qfileinfo.h>
-#include <qguiapplication.h>
 #include <qjsonarray.h>
 #include <qjsondocument.h>
 #include <qjsonobject.h>
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ int locateConfigFile(CommandState& cmd, QString& path) {
 					return -1;
 				}
 			} else {
-				qCCritical(logBare) << "Could not open maifest at path" << *cmd.config.manifest;
+				qCCritical(logBare) << "Could not open manifest at path" << *cmd.config.manifest;
 				return -1;
 			}
 		} else {
@@ -179,13 +178,17 @@ int selectInstance(CommandState& cmd, InstanceLockInfo* instance, bool deadFallb
 		}
 	} else if (!cmd.instance.id->isEmpty()) {
 		path = basePath->filePath("by-pid");
-		auto [liveInstances, deadInstances] =
+		auto [liveInstances, mismatchedInstances, deadInstances] =
 		    QsPaths::collectInstances(path, cmd.config.anyDisplay ? "" : getDisplayConnection());
 
 		liveInstances.removeIf([&](const InstanceLockInfo& info) {
 			return !info.instance.instanceId.startsWith(*cmd.instance.id);
 		});
 
+		mismatchedInstances.removeIf([&](const InstanceLockInfo& info) {
+			return !info.instance.instanceId.startsWith(*cmd.instance.id);
+		});
+
 		deadInstances.removeIf([&](const InstanceLockInfo& info) {
 			return !info.instance.instanceId.startsWith(*cmd.instance.id);
 		});
@@ -193,6 +196,18 @@ int selectInstance(CommandState& cmd, InstanceLockInfo* instance, bool deadFallb
 		auto instances = liveInstances.isEmpty() && deadFallback ? deadInstances : liveInstances;
 
 		if (instances.isEmpty()) {
+			if (!mismatchedInstances.isEmpty()) {
+				qCInfo(logBare) << "No running instances on the current display" << getDisplayConnection()
+				                << "start with" << *cmd.instance.id;
+
+				qCInfo(logBare) << "Some instances on other displays match:";
+
+				for (auto& instance: mismatchedInstances) {
+					qCInfo(logBare).noquote().nospace()
+					    << " - " << instance.instance.instanceId << " (" << instance.instance.display << ')';
+				}
+			}
+
 			if (deadFallback) {
 				qCInfo(logBare) << "No instances start with" << *cmd.instance.id;
 			} else {
@@ -230,7 +245,7 @@ int selectInstance(CommandState& cmd, InstanceLockInfo* instance, bool deadFallb
 
 		path = QDir(basePath->filePath("by-path")).filePath(pathId);
 
-		auto [liveInstances, deadInstances] =
+		auto [liveInstances, mismatchedInstances, deadInstances] =
 		    QsPaths::collectInstances(path, cmd.config.anyDisplay ? "" : getDisplayConnection());
 
 		auto instances = liveInstances;
@@ -251,6 +266,16 @@ int selectInstance(CommandState& cmd, InstanceLockInfo* instance, bool deadFallb
 				for (auto& instance: deadInstances) {
 					qCInfo(logBare).noquote() << " -" << instance.instance.instanceId;
 				}
+			} else if (!mismatchedInstances.isEmpty()) {
+				qCInfo(logBare) << "No running instances for" << configFilePath
+				                << " present on the current display" << getDisplayConnection();
+
+				qCInfo(logBare) << "Some instances on other displays match:";
+
+				for (auto& instance: mismatchedInstances) {
+					qCInfo(logBare).noquote().nospace()
+					    << " - " << instance.instance.instanceId << " (" << instance.instance.display << ')';
+				}
 			} else {
 				qCInfo(logBare) << "No running instances for" << configFilePath;
 			}
@@ -314,7 +339,7 @@ int listInstances(CommandState& cmd) {
 		path = QDir(basePath->filePath("by-path")).filePath(pathId);
 	}
 
-	auto [liveInstances, deadInstances] = QsPaths::collectInstances(
+	auto [liveInstances, mismatchedInstances, deadInstances] = QsPaths::collectInstances(
 	    path,
 	    cmd.config.anyDisplay || cmd.instance.all ? "" : getDisplayConnection()
 	);
@@ -547,16 +572,17 @@ int runCommand(int argc, char** argv, QCoreApplication* coreApplication) {
 }
 
 QString getDisplayConnection() {
-	auto platform = qEnvironmentVariable("QT_QPA_PLATFORM");
+	// Doesn't actually have to match what qt picks, but will 99% of the time.
+	// Running quickshell under wayland in x11 mode doesn't really make any sense.
 	auto wlDisplay = qEnvironmentVariable("WAYLAND_DISPLAY");
 	auto xDisplay = qEnvironmentVariable("DISPLAY");
 
-	if (platform == "wayland" || (platform.isEmpty() && !wlDisplay.isEmpty())) {
-		return "wayland," + wlDisplay;
-	} else if (platform == "xcb" || (platform.isEmpty() && !xDisplay.isEmpty())) {
-		return "x11," + xDisplay;
+	if (!wlDisplay.isEmpty()) {
+		return "wayland/" + wlDisplay;
+	} else if (!xDisplay.isEmpty()) {
+		return "x11/" + xDisplay;
 	} else {
-		return "unk," + QGuiApplication::platformName();
+		return "unk";
 	}
 }
 

src/launch/launch.cpp

@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ int launch(const LaunchArgs& args, char** argv, QCoreApplication* coreApplicatio
 		bool useSystemStyle = false;
 		QString iconTheme = qEnvironmentVariable("QS_ICON_THEME");
 		QHash<QString, QString> envOverrides;
+		QHash<QString, QString> defaultEnv;
 		QString appId = qEnvironmentVariable("QS_APP_ID");
+		bool dropExpensiveFonts = false;
 		QString dataDir;
 		QString stateDir;
 		QString cacheDir;
@@ -88,24 +90,30 @@ int launch(const LaunchArgs& args, char** argv, QCoreApplication* coreApplicatio
 		if (line.startsWith("//@ pragma ")) {
 			auto pragma = line.sliced(11).trimmed();
 
-			if (pragma == "UseQApplication") pragmas.useQApplication = true;
-			else if (pragma == "NativeTextRendering") pragmas.nativeTextRendering = true;
-			else if (pragma == "IgnoreSystemSettings") pragmas.desktopSettingsAware = false;
-			else if (pragma == "RespectSystemStyle") pragmas.useSystemStyle = true;
-			else if (pragma.startsWith("IconTheme ")) pragmas.iconTheme = pragma.sliced(10);
-			else if (pragma.startsWith("Env ")) {
-				auto envPragma = pragma.sliced(4);
-				auto splitIdx = envPragma.indexOf('=');
+			auto isEnv = pragma.startsWith("Env ");
+			auto isDefaultEnv = pragma.startsWith("DefaultEnv ");
+
+			if (isEnv || isDefaultEnv) {
+				auto content = pragma.sliced(isDefaultEnv ? 11 : 4);
+				auto splitIdx = content.indexOf('=');
 
 				if (splitIdx == -1) {
 					qCritical() << "Env pragma" << pragma << "not in the form 'VAR = VALUE'";
 					return -1;
 				}
 
-				auto var = envPragma.sliced(0, splitIdx).trimmed();
-				auto val = envPragma.sliced(splitIdx + 1).trimmed();
-				pragmas.envOverrides.insert(var, val);
-			} else if (pragma.startsWith("AppId ")) {
+				auto var = content.sliced(0, splitIdx).trimmed();
+				auto val = content.sliced(splitIdx + 1).trimmed();
+
+				if (isDefaultEnv) pragmas.defaultEnv.insert(var, val);
+				else pragmas.envOverrides.insert(var, val);
+			} else if (pragma == "UseQApplication") pragmas.useQApplication = true;
+			else if (pragma == "NativeTextRendering") pragmas.nativeTextRendering = true;
+			else if (pragma == "IgnoreSystemSettings") pragmas.desktopSettingsAware = false;
+			else if (pragma == "RespectSystemStyle") pragmas.useSystemStyle = true;
+			else if (pragma == "DropExpensiveFonts") pragmas.dropExpensiveFonts = true;
+			else if (pragma.startsWith("IconTheme ")) pragmas.iconTheme = pragma.sliced(10);
+			else if (pragma.startsWith("AppId ")) {
 				pragmas.appId = pragma.sliced(6).trimmed();
 			} else if (pragma.startsWith("ShellId ")) {
 				shellId = pragma.sliced(8).trimmed();
@@ -116,8 +124,7 @@ int launch(const LaunchArgs& args, char** argv, QCoreApplication* coreApplicatio
 			} else if (pragma.startsWith("CacheDir ")) {
 				pragmas.cacheDir = pragma.sliced(9).trimmed();
 			} else {
-				qCritical() << "Unrecognized pragma" << pragma;
-				return -1;
+				qWarning() << "Unrecognized pragma" << pragma;
 			}
 		} else if (line.startsWith("import")) break;
 	}
@@ -173,10 +180,56 @@ int launch(const LaunchArgs& args, char** argv, QCoreApplication* coreApplicatio
 		qputenv("QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_STYLE", "Fusion");
 	}
 
+	for (auto [var, val]: pragmas.defaultEnv.asKeyValueRange()) {
+		if (!qEnvironmentVariableIsSet(var.toUtf8())) qputenv(var.toUtf8(), val.toUtf8());
+	}
+
 	for (auto [var, val]: pragmas.envOverrides.asKeyValueRange()) {
 		qputenv(var.toUtf8(), val.toUtf8());
 	}
 
+	pragmas.dropExpensiveFonts |= qEnvironmentVariableIntValue("QS_DROP_EXPENSIVE_FONTS") == 1;
+
+	if (pragmas.dropExpensiveFonts) {
+		if (auto* runDir = QsPaths::instance()->instanceRunDir()) {
+			auto baseConfigPath = qEnvironmentVariable("FONTCONFIG_FILE");
+			if (baseConfigPath.isEmpty()) baseConfigPath = "/etc/fonts/fonts.conf";
+
+			auto filterPath = runDir->filePath("fonts-override.conf");
+			auto filterFile = QFile(filterPath);
+			if (filterFile.open(QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Truncate | QFile::Text)) {
+				auto filterTemplate = QStringLiteral(R"(<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
+<fontconfig>
+	<include ignore_missing="no">%1</include>
+	<selectfont>
+		<rejectfont>
+			<pattern>
+				<patelt name="fontwrapper">
+					<string>woff</string>
+				</patelt>
+			</pattern>
+			<pattern>
+				<patelt name="fontwrapper">
+					<string>woff2</string>
+				</patelt>
+			</pattern>
+		</rejectfont>
+	</selectfont>
+</fontconfig>
+)");
+
+				QTextStream(&filterFile) << filterTemplate.arg(baseConfigPath);
+				filterFile.close();
+				qputenv("FONTCONFIG_FILE", filterPath.toUtf8());
+			} else {
+				qCritical() << "Could not write fontconfig filter to" << filterPath;
+			}
+		} else {
+			qCritical() << "Could not create fontconfig filter: instance run directory unavailable";
+		}
+	}
+
 	// The qml engine currently refuses to cache non file (qsintercept) paths.
 
 	// if (auto* cacheDir = QsPaths::instance()->cacheDir()) {

src/launch/main.cpp

@@ -84,21 +84,29 @@ void exitDaemon(int code) {
 
 	close(DAEMON_PIPE);
 
-	close(STDIN_FILENO);
-	close(STDOUT_FILENO);
-	close(STDERR_FILENO);
-
-	if (open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY) != STDIN_FILENO) { // NOLINT
-		qFatal() << "Failed to open /dev/null on stdin";
+	auto fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+	if (fd == -1) {
+		qCritical().nospace() << "Failed to open /dev/null for daemon stdio" << errno << ": "
+		                      << qt_error_string();
+		return;
 	}
 
-	if (open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) != STDOUT_FILENO) { // NOLINT
-		qFatal() << "Failed to open /dev/null on stdout";
+	if (dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO) != STDIN_FILENO) { // NOLINT
+		qCritical().nospace() << "Failed to set daemon stdin to /dev/null" << errno << ": "
+		                      << qt_error_string();
 	}
 
-	if (open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) != STDERR_FILENO) { // NOLINT
-		qFatal() << "Failed to open /dev/null on stderr";
+	if (dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO) != STDOUT_FILENO) { // NOLINT
+		qCritical().nospace() << "Failed to set daemon stdout to /dev/null" << errno << ": "
+		                      << qt_error_string();
 	}
+
+	if (dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO) != STDERR_FILENO) { // NOLINT
+		qCritical().nospace() << "Failed to set daemon stderr to /dev/null" << errno << ": "
+		                      << qt_error_string();
+	}
+
+	close(fd);
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {

src/network/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ add_subdirectory(nm)
 qt_add_library(quickshell-network STATIC
 	network.cpp
 	device.cpp
+	wired.cpp
 	wifi.cpp
+	enums.cpp
+	qml.cpp
 )
 
 target_include_directories(quickshell-network PRIVATE 

src/network/device.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 
 #include "../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
@@ -15,49 +17,9 @@ namespace {
 QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkDevice, "quickshell.network.device", QtWarningMsg);
 } // namespace
 
-QString DeviceConnectionState::toString(DeviceConnectionState::Enum state) {
-	switch (state) {
-	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	case Connecting: return QStringLiteral("Connecting");
-	case Connected: return QStringLiteral("Connected");
-	case Disconnecting: return QStringLiteral("Disconnecting");
-	case Disconnected: return QStringLiteral("Disconnected");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	}
-}
-
-QString DeviceType::toString(DeviceType::Enum type) {
-	switch (type) {
-	case None: return QStringLiteral("None");
-	case Wifi: return QStringLiteral("Wifi");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	}
-}
-
-QString NMDeviceState::toString(NMDeviceState::Enum state) {
-	switch (state) {
-	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	case Unmanaged: return QStringLiteral("Not managed by NetworkManager");
-	case Unavailable: return QStringLiteral("Unavailable");
-	case Disconnected: return QStringLiteral("Disconnected");
-	case Prepare: return QStringLiteral("Preparing to connect");
-	case Config: return QStringLiteral("Connecting to a network");
-	case NeedAuth: return QStringLiteral("Waiting for authentication");
-	case IPConfig: return QStringLiteral("Requesting IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses from the network");
-	case IPCheck:
-		return QStringLiteral("Checking if further action is required for the requested connection");
-	case Secondaries:
-		return QStringLiteral("Waiting for a required secondary connection to activate");
-	case Activated: return QStringLiteral("Connected");
-	case Deactivating: return QStringLiteral("Disconnecting");
-	case Failed: return QStringLiteral("Failed to connect");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	};
-}
-
 NetworkDevice::NetworkDevice(DeviceType::Enum type, QObject* parent): QObject(parent), mType(type) {
 	this->bindableConnected().setBinding([this]() {
-		return this->bState == DeviceConnectionState::Connected;
+		return this->bState == ConnectionState::Connected;
 	});
 };
 
@@ -66,12 +28,17 @@ void NetworkDevice::setAutoconnect(bool autoconnect) {
 	emit this->requestSetAutoconnect(autoconnect);
 }
 
+void NetworkDevice::setNmManaged(bool managed) {
+	if (this->bNmManaged == managed) return;
+	emit this->requestSetNmManaged(managed);
+}
+
 void NetworkDevice::disconnect() {
-	if (this->bState == DeviceConnectionState::Disconnected) {
+	if (this->bState == ConnectionState::Disconnected) {
 		qCCritical(logNetworkDevice) << "Device" << this << "is already disconnected";
 		return;
 	}
-	if (this->bState == DeviceConnectionState::Disconnecting) {
+	if (this->bState == ConnectionState::Disconnecting) {
 		qCCritical(logNetworkDevice) << "Device" << this << "is already disconnecting";
 		return;
 	}
@@ -79,4 +46,7 @@ void NetworkDevice::disconnect() {
 	this->requestDisconnect();
 }
 
+void NetworkDevice::networkAdded(Network* net) { this->mNetworks.insertObject(net); }
+void NetworkDevice::networkRemoved(Network* net) { this->mNetworks.removeObject(net); }
+
 } // namespace qs::network

src/network/device.hpp

@@ -6,88 +6,44 @@
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
+#include "../core/doc.hpp"
+#include "../core/model.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+
 namespace qs::network {
 
-///! Connection state of a NetworkDevice.
-class DeviceConnectionState: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		Unknown = 0,
-		Connecting = 1,
-		Connected = 2,
-		Disconnecting = 3,
-		Disconnected = 4,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(DeviceConnectionState::Enum state);
-};
-
-///! Type of network device.
-class DeviceType: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		None = 0,
-		Wifi = 1,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(DeviceType::Enum type);
-};
-
-///! NetworkManager-specific device state.
-/// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMDeviceState.
-class NMDeviceState: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		Unknown = 0,
-		Unmanaged = 10,
-		Unavailable = 20,
-		Disconnected = 30,
-		Prepare = 40,
-		Config = 50,
-		NeedAuth = 60,
-		IPConfig = 70,
-		IPCheck = 80,
-		Secondaries = 90,
-		Activated = 100,
-		Deactivating = 110,
-		Failed = 120,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(NMDeviceState::Enum state);
-};
-
 ///! A network device.
-/// When @@type is `Wifi`, the device is a @@WifiDevice, which can be used to scan for and connect to access points.
+/// The @@type property may be used to determine if this device is a @@WifiDevice or @@WiredDevice.
 class NetworkDevice: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	QML_ELEMENT;
 	QML_UNCREATABLE("Devices can only be acquired through Network");
 	// clang-format off
 	/// The device type.
+	///
+	/// When the device type is `Wifi`, the device object is a @@WifiDevice.
+	/// When the device type is `Wired`, the device object is a @@WiredDevice.
+	/// connection and scanning.
 	Q_PROPERTY(DeviceType::Enum type READ type CONSTANT);
 	/// The name of the device's control interface.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ name NOTIFY nameChanged BINDABLE bindableName);
+	/// A list of available or connected networks for this device.
+	///
+	/// When the device type is 'Wifi', this model will only contain @@WifiNetwork.
+	QSDOC_TYPE_OVERRIDE(ObjectModel<Network>*);
+	Q_PROPERTY(UntypedObjectModel* networks READ networks CONSTANT);
 	/// The hardware address of the device in the XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX format.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString address READ default NOTIFY addressChanged BINDABLE bindableAddress);
 	/// True if the device is connected.
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool connected READ default NOTIFY connectedChanged BINDABLE bindableConnected);
 	/// Connection state of the device.
-	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::DeviceConnectionState::Enum state READ default NOTIFY stateChanged BINDABLE bindableState);
-	/// A more specific device state when the backend is NetworkManager.
-	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::NMDeviceState::Enum nmState READ default NOTIFY nmStateChanged BINDABLE bindableNmState);
-	/// True if the device is allowed to autoconnect.
+	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::ConnectionState::Enum state READ default NOTIFY stateChanged BINDABLE bindableState);
+	/// True if the device is managed by NetworkManager.
+	///
+	/// > [!WARNING] Only valid for the NetworkManager backend.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool nmManaged READ nmManaged WRITE setNmManaged NOTIFY nmManagedChanged)
+	/// True if the device is allowed to autoconnect to a network.
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool autoconnect READ autoconnect WRITE setAutoconnect NOTIFY autoconnectChanged);
 	// clang-format on
 
@@ -97,35 +53,45 @@ public:
 	/// Disconnects the device and prevents it from automatically activating further connections.
 	Q_INVOKABLE void disconnect();
 
-	[[nodiscard]] DeviceType::Enum type() const { return this->mType; };
-	QBindable<QString> bindableName() { return &this->bName; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QString name() const { return this->bName; };
-	QBindable<QString> bindableAddress() { return &this->bAddress; };
-	QBindable<bool> bindableConnected() { return &this->bConnected; };
-	QBindable<DeviceConnectionState::Enum> bindableState() { return &this->bState; };
-	QBindable<NMDeviceState::Enum> bindableNmState() { return &this->bNmState; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool autoconnect() const { return this->bAutoconnect; };
-	QBindable<bool> bindableAutoconnect() { return &this->bAutoconnect; };
+	virtual void networkAdded(Network* net);
+	virtual void networkRemoved(Network* net);
+
+	[[nodiscard]] ObjectModel<Network>* networks() { return &this->mNetworks; }
+	[[nodiscard]] DeviceType::Enum type() const { return this->mType; }
+	QBindable<QString> bindableName() { return &this->bName; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QString name() const { return this->bName; }
+	QBindable<QString> bindableAddress() { return &this->bAddress; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableConnected() { return &this->bConnected; }
+	QBindable<ConnectionState::Enum> bindableState() { return &this->bState; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableNmManaged() { return &this->bNmManaged; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool nmManaged() { return this->bNmManaged; }
+	void setNmManaged(bool managed);
+	QBindable<bool> bindableAutoconnect() { return &this->bAutoconnect; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool autoconnect() { return this->bAutoconnect; }
 	void setAutoconnect(bool autoconnect);
 
 signals:
-	void requestDisconnect();
-	void requestSetAutoconnect(bool autoconnect);
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestDisconnect();
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestSetAutoconnect(bool autoconnect);
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestSetNmManaged(bool managed);
 	void nameChanged();
 	void addressChanged();
 	void connectedChanged();
 	void stateChanged();
-	void nmStateChanged();
+	void nmManagedChanged();
 	void autoconnectChanged();
 
+protected:
+	ObjectModel<Network> mNetworks {this};
+
 private:
 	DeviceType::Enum mType;
 	// clang-format off
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, QString, bName, &NetworkDevice::nameChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, QString, bAddress, &NetworkDevice::addressChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, bool, bConnected, &NetworkDevice::connectedChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, DeviceConnectionState::Enum, bState, &NetworkDevice::stateChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, NMDeviceState::Enum, bNmState, &NetworkDevice::nmStateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, ConnectionState::Enum, bState, &NetworkDevice::stateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, bool, bNmManaged, &NetworkDevice::nmManagedChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice, bool, bAutoconnect, &NetworkDevice::autoconnectChanged);
 	// clang-format on
 };

src/network/enums.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#include "enums.hpp"
+
+#include <qstring.h>
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+QString NetworkConnectivity::toString(NetworkConnectivity::Enum conn) {
+	switch (conn) {
+	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	case None: return QStringLiteral("Not connected to a network");
+	case Portal: return QStringLiteral("Connection intercepted by a captive portal");
+	case Limited: return QStringLiteral("Partial internet connectivity");
+	case Full: return QStringLiteral("Full internet connectivity");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	}
+}
+
+QString NetworkBackendType::toString(NetworkBackendType::Enum type) {
+	switch (type) {
+	case NetworkBackendType::None: return "None";
+	case NetworkBackendType::NetworkManager: return "NetworkManager";
+	default: return "Unknown";
+	}
+}
+
+QString ConnectionState::toString(ConnectionState::Enum state) {
+	switch (state) {
+	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	case Connecting: return QStringLiteral("Connecting");
+	case Connected: return QStringLiteral("Connected");
+	case Disconnecting: return QStringLiteral("Disconnecting");
+	case Disconnected: return QStringLiteral("Disconnected");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	}
+}
+
+QString ConnectionFailReason::toString(ConnectionFailReason::Enum reason) {
+	switch (reason) {
+	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	case NoSecrets: return QStringLiteral("Secrets were required but not provided");
+	case WifiClientDisconnected: return QStringLiteral("Wi-Fi supplicant disconnected");
+	case WifiClientFailed: return QStringLiteral("Wi-Fi supplicant failed");
+	case WifiAuthTimeout: return QStringLiteral("Wi-Fi connection took too long to authenticate");
+	case WifiNetworkLost: return QStringLiteral("Wi-Fi network could not be found");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	}
+}
+
+QString DeviceType::toString(DeviceType::Enum type) {
+	switch (type) {
+	case None: return QStringLiteral("None");
+	case Wifi: return QStringLiteral("Wifi");
+	case Wired: return QStringLiteral("Wired");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	}
+}
+
+QString WifiSecurityType::toString(WifiSecurityType::Enum type) {
+	switch (type) {
+	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	case Wpa3SuiteB192: return QStringLiteral("WPA3 Suite B 192-bit");
+	case Sae: return QStringLiteral("WPA3");
+	case Wpa2Eap: return QStringLiteral("WPA2 Enterprise");
+	case Wpa2Psk: return QStringLiteral("WPA2");
+	case WpaEap: return QStringLiteral("WPA Enterprise");
+	case WpaPsk: return QStringLiteral("WPA");
+	case StaticWep: return QStringLiteral("WEP");
+	case DynamicWep: return QStringLiteral("Dynamic WEP");
+	case Leap: return QStringLiteral("LEAP");
+	case Owe: return QStringLiteral("OWE");
+	case Open: return QStringLiteral("Open");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	}
+}
+
+QString WifiDeviceMode::toString(WifiDeviceMode::Enum mode) {
+	switch (mode) {
+	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	case AdHoc: return QStringLiteral("Ad-Hoc");
+	case Station: return QStringLiteral("Station");
+	case AccessPoint: return QStringLiteral("Access Point");
+	case Mesh: return QStringLiteral("Mesh");
+	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
+	};
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/enums.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qqmlintegration.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+///! The degree to which the host can reach the internet.
+class NetworkConnectivity: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		/// Network connectivity is unknown. This means the connectivity checks are disabled or have not run yet.
+		Unknown = 0,
+		/// The host is not connected to any network.
+		None = 1,
+		/// The internet connection is hijacked by a captive portal gateway.
+		/// This indicates the shell should open a sandboxed web browser window for the purpose of authenticating to a gateway.
+		Portal = 2,
+		/// The host is connected to a network but does not appear to be able to reach the full internet.
+		Limited = 3,
+		/// The host is connected to a network and appears to be able to reach the full internet.
+		Full = 4,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(NetworkConnectivity::Enum conn);
+};
+
+///! The backend supplying the Network service.
+class NetworkBackendType: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		None = 0,
+		NetworkManager = 1,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(NetworkBackendType::Enum type);
+};
+
+///! The connection state of a device or network.
+class ConnectionState: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		Unknown = 0,
+		Connecting = 1,
+		Connected = 2,
+		Disconnecting = 3,
+		Disconnected = 4,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(ConnectionState::Enum state);
+};
+
+///! The reason a connection failed.
+class ConnectionFailReason: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		/// The connection failed for an unknown reason.
+		Unknown = 0,
+		/// Secrets were required, but not provided.
+		NoSecrets = 1,
+		/// The Wi-Fi supplicant disconnected.
+		WifiClientDisconnected = 2,
+		/// The Wi-Fi supplicant failed.
+		WifiClientFailed = 3,
+		/// The Wi-Fi connection took too long to authenticate.
+		WifiAuthTimeout = 4,
+		/// The Wi-Fi network could not be found.
+		WifiNetworkLost = 5,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(ConnectionFailReason::Enum reason);
+};
+
+///! Type of a @@NetworkDevice.
+class DeviceType: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		None = 0,
+		Wifi = 1,
+		Wired = 2,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(DeviceType::Enum type);
+};
+
+///! The security type of a @@WifiNetwork.
+class WifiSecurityType: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		Wpa3SuiteB192 = 0,
+		Sae = 1,
+		Wpa2Eap = 2,
+		Wpa2Psk = 3,
+		WpaEap = 4,
+		WpaPsk = 5,
+		StaticWep = 6,
+		DynamicWep = 7,
+		Leap = 8,
+		Owe = 9,
+		Open = 10,
+		Unknown = 11,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(WifiSecurityType::Enum type);
+};
+
+///! The 802.11 mode of a @@WifiDevice.
+class WifiDeviceMode: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		/// The device is part of an Ad-Hoc network without a central access point.
+		AdHoc = 0,
+		/// The device is a station that can connect to networks.
+		Station = 1,
+		/// The device is a local hotspot/access point.
+		AccessPoint = 2,
+		/// The device is an 802.11s mesh point.
+		Mesh = 3,
+		/// The device mode is unknown.
+		Unknown = 4,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(WifiDeviceMode::Enum mode);
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/module.md

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 name = "Quickshell.Networking"
 description = "Network API"
 headers = [
+	"qml.hpp",
 	"network.hpp",
 	"device.hpp",
 	"wifi.hpp",
+	"wired.hpp",
+	"enums.hpp",
+	"nm/settings.hpp",
 ]
 -----
 This module exposes Network management APIs provided by a supported network backend.

src/network/network.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 #include "network.hpp"
 #include <utility>
 
+#include <qdebug.h>
 #include <qlogging.h>
 #include <qloggingcategory.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
 #include <qstring.h>
-#include <qtmetamacros.h>
 
 #include "../core/logcat.hpp"
-#include "device.hpp"
-#include "nm/backend.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "nm/settings.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
@@ -17,49 +17,54 @@ namespace {
 QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetwork, "quickshell.network", QtWarningMsg);
 } // namespace
 
-QString NetworkState::toString(NetworkState::Enum state) {
-	switch (state) {
-	case NetworkState::Connecting: return QStringLiteral("Connecting");
-	case NetworkState::Connected: return QStringLiteral("Connected");
-	case NetworkState::Disconnecting: return QStringLiteral("Disconnecting");
-	case NetworkState::Disconnected: return QStringLiteral("Disconnected");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	}
-}
-
-Networking::Networking(QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
-	// Try to create the NetworkManager backend and bind to it.
-	auto* nm = new NetworkManager(this);
-	if (nm->isAvailable()) {
-		QObject::connect(nm, &NetworkManager::deviceAdded, this, &Networking::deviceAdded);
-		QObject::connect(nm, &NetworkManager::deviceRemoved, this, &Networking::deviceRemoved);
-		QObject::connect(this, &Networking::requestSetWifiEnabled, nm, &NetworkManager::setWifiEnabled);
-		this->bindableWifiEnabled().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->wifiEnabled(); });
-		this->bindableWifiHardwareEnabled().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->wifiHardwareEnabled(); });
-
-		this->mBackend = nm;
-		this->mBackendType = NetworkBackendType::NetworkManager;
-		return;
-	} else {
-		delete nm;
-	}
-
-	qCCritical(logNetwork) << "Network will not work. Could not find an available backend.";
-}
-
-void Networking::deviceAdded(NetworkDevice* dev) { this->mDevices.insertObject(dev); }
-void Networking::deviceRemoved(NetworkDevice* dev) { this->mDevices.removeObject(dev); }
-
-void Networking::setWifiEnabled(bool enabled) {
-	if (this->bWifiEnabled == enabled) return;
-	emit this->requestSetWifiEnabled(enabled);
-}
-
-Network::Network(QString name, QObject* parent): QObject(parent), mName(std::move(name)) {
+Network::Network(QString name, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent)
+    : QObject(parent)
+    , bName(std::move(name))
+    , mDevice(device) {
 	this->bStateChanging.setBinding([this] {
 		auto state = this->bState.value();
-		return state == NetworkState::Connecting || state == NetworkState::Disconnecting;
+		return state == ConnectionState::Connecting || state == ConnectionState::Disconnecting;
 	});
 };
 
+void Network::connect() {
+	if (this->bConnected) {
+		qCCritical(logNetwork) << this << "is already connected.";
+		return;
+	}
+	this->requestConnect();
+}
+
+void Network::connectWithSettings(NMSettings* settings) {
+	if (this->bConnected) {
+		qCCritical(logNetwork) << this << "is already connected.";
+		return;
+	}
+	if (this->bNmSettings.value().indexOf(settings) == -1) return;
+	this->requestConnectWithSettings(settings);
+}
+
+void Network::disconnect() {
+	if (!this->bConnected) {
+		qCCritical(logNetwork) << this << "is not currently connected";
+		return;
+	}
+	this->requestDisconnect();
+}
+
+void Network::forget() { this->requestForget(); }
+
+void Network::settingsAdded(NMSettings* settings) {
+	auto list = this->bNmSettings.value();
+	if (list.contains(settings)) return;
+	list.append(settings);
+	this->bNmSettings = list;
+}
+
+void Network::settingsRemoved(NMSettings* settings) {
+	auto list = this->bNmSettings.value();
+	list.removeOne(settings);
+	this->bNmSettings = list;
+}
+
 } // namespace qs::network

src/network/network.hpp

@@ -6,137 +6,102 @@
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
-#include "../core/model.hpp"
-#include "device.hpp"
+#include "../core/doc.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "nm/settings.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+class NetworkDevice;
+}
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
-///! The connection state of a Network.
-class NetworkState: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		Unknown = 0,
-		Connecting = 1,
-		Connected = 2,
-		Disconnecting = 3,
-		Disconnected = 4,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(NetworkState::Enum state);
-};
-
-///! The backend supplying the Network service.
-class NetworkBackendType: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		None = 0,
-		NetworkManager = 1,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-};
-
-class NetworkBackend: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-
-public:
-	[[nodiscard]] virtual bool isAvailable() const = 0;
-
-protected:
-	explicit NetworkBackend(QObject* parent = nullptr): QObject(parent) {};
-};
-
-///! The Network service.
-/// An interface to a network backend (currently only NetworkManager),
-/// which can be used to view, configure, and connect to various networks.
-class Networking: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	// clang-format off
-	/// A list of all network devices.
-	QSDOC_TYPE_OVERRIDE(ObjectModel<qs::network::NetworkDevice>*);
-	Q_PROPERTY(UntypedObjectModel* devices READ devices CONSTANT);
-	/// The backend being used to power the Network service.
-	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::NetworkBackendType::Enum backend READ backend CONSTANT);
-	/// Switch for the rfkill software block of all wireless devices.
-	Q_PROPERTY(bool wifiEnabled READ wifiEnabled WRITE setWifiEnabled NOTIFY wifiEnabledChanged);
-	/// State of the rfkill hardware block of all wireless devices.
-	Q_PROPERTY(bool wifiHardwareEnabled READ default NOTIFY wifiHardwareEnabledChanged BINDABLE bindableWifiHardwareEnabled);
-	// clang-format on
-
-public:
-	explicit Networking(QObject* parent = nullptr);
-
-	[[nodiscard]] ObjectModel<NetworkDevice>* devices() { return &this->mDevices; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NetworkBackendType::Enum backend() const { return this->mBackendType; };
-	QBindable<bool> bindableWifiEnabled() { return &this->bWifiEnabled; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiEnabled() const { return this->bWifiEnabled; };
-	void setWifiEnabled(bool enabled);
-	QBindable<bool> bindableWifiHardwareEnabled() { return &this->bWifiHardwareEnabled; };
-
-signals:
-	void requestSetWifiEnabled(bool enabled);
-	void wifiEnabledChanged();
-	void wifiHardwareEnabledChanged();
-
-private slots:
-	void deviceAdded(NetworkDevice* dev);
-	void deviceRemoved(NetworkDevice* dev);
-
-private:
-	ObjectModel<NetworkDevice> mDevices {this};
-	NetworkBackend* mBackend = nullptr;
-	NetworkBackendType::Enum mBackendType = NetworkBackendType::None;
-	// clang-format off
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bWifiEnabled, &Networking::wifiEnabledChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bWifiHardwareEnabled, &Networking::wifiHardwareEnabledChanged);
-	// clang-format on
-};
-
 ///! A network.
+/// A network. Networks derived from a @@WifiDevice are @@WifiNetwork instances.
 class Network: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_UNCREATABLE("BaseNetwork can only be aqcuired through network devices");
+	QML_UNCREATABLE("Network can only be aqcuired through networking devices");
 
 	// clang-format off
 	/// The name of the network.
-	Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ name CONSTANT);
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ default NOTIFY nameChanged BINDABLE bindableName);
+	/// The device this network belongs to.
+	Q_PROPERTY(NetworkDevice* device READ device CONSTANT);
+	/// A list of NetworkManager connection settings profiles for this network.
+	///
+	/// > [!WARNING] Only valid for the NetworkManager backend. 
+	Q_PROPERTY(QList<NMSettings*> nmSettings READ default NOTIFY nmSettingsChanged BINDABLE bindableNmSettings);
 	/// True if the network is connected.
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool connected READ default NOTIFY connectedChanged BINDABLE bindableConnected);
+	/// True if the wifi network has known connection settings saved.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool known READ default NOTIFY knownChanged BINDABLE bindableKnown);
 	/// The connectivity state of the network.
-	Q_PROPERTY(NetworkState::Enum state READ default NOTIFY stateChanged BINDABLE bindableState);
+	Q_PROPERTY(ConnectionState::Enum state READ default NOTIFY stateChanged BINDABLE bindableState);
 	/// If the network is currently connecting or disconnecting. Shorthand for checking @@state.
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool stateChanging READ default NOTIFY stateChangingChanged BINDABLE bindableStateChanging);
 	// clang-format on
 
 public:
-	explicit Network(QString name, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+	explicit Network(QString name, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+	/// Attempt to connect to the network.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] If the network is a @@WifiNetwork and requires secrets, a @@connectionFailed(s)
+	/// > signal will be emitted with `NoSecrets`.
+	/// > @@WifiNetwork.connectWithPsk() can be used to provide secrets.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void connect();
+	/// Attempt to connect to the network with a specific @@nmSettings entry.
+	///
+	/// > [!WARNING] Only valid for the NetworkManager backend.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void connectWithSettings(NMSettings* settings);
+	/// Disconnect from the network.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void disconnect();
+	/// Forget all connection settings for this network.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void forget();
 
-	[[nodiscard]] QString name() const { return this->mName; };
+	void settingsAdded(NMSettings* settings);
+	void settingsRemoved(NMSettings* settings);
+
+	// clang-format off
+	[[nodiscard]] QString name() const { return this->bName; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<QString> bindableName() { return &this->bName; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NetworkDevice* device() const { return this->mDevice; }
+ 	[[nodiscard]] const QList<NMSettings*>& nmSettings() const { return this->bNmSettings; }
+	QBindable<QList<NMSettings*>> bindableNmSettings() const { return &this->bNmSettings; }
 	QBindable<bool> bindableConnected() { return &this->bConnected; }
-	QBindable<NetworkState::Enum> bindableState() { return &this->bState; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableKnown() { return &this->bKnown; }
+	[[nodiscard]] ConnectionState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; }
+	QBindable<ConnectionState::Enum> bindableState() { return &this->bState; }
 	QBindable<bool> bindableStateChanging() { return &this->bStateChanging; }
+	// clang-format on
 
 signals:
+	/// Signals that a connection to the network has failed because of the given @@ConnectionFailReason.
+	void connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::Enum reason);
+
+	void nameChanged();
 	void connectedChanged();
+	void knownChanged();
 	void stateChanged();
 	void stateChangingChanged();
+	void nmSettingsChanged();
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestConnect();
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestConnectWithSettings(NMSettings* settings);
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestDisconnect();
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestForget();
 
 protected:
-	QString mName;
-
+	// clang-format off
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, QString, bName, &Network::nameChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, bool, bConnected, &Network::connectedChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, NetworkState::Enum, bState, &Network::stateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, bool, bKnown, &Network::knownChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, ConnectionState::Enum, bState, &Network::stateChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, bool, bStateChanging, &Network::stateChangingChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Network, QList<NMSettings*>, bNmSettings, &Network::nmSettingsChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+
+private:
+	NetworkDevice* mDevice;
 };
 
 } // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -29,6 +29,16 @@ qt_add_dbus_interface(NM_DBUS_INTERFACES
 	dbus_nm_wireless
 )
 
+set_source_files_properties(org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wired.xml PROPERTIES
+	CLASSNAME DBusNMWiredProxy
+	NO_NAMESPACE TRUE
+)
+
+qt_add_dbus_interface(NM_DBUS_INTERFACES
+	org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wired.xml
+	dbus_nm_wired
+)
+
 set_source_files_properties(org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.AccessPoint.xml PROPERTIES
 	CLASSNAME DBusNMAccessPointProxy
 	NO_NAMESPACE TRUE
@@ -63,10 +73,14 @@ qt_add_dbus_interface(NM_DBUS_INTERFACES
 qt_add_library(quickshell-network-nm STATIC
 	backend.cpp
 	device.cpp
-	connection.cpp
+	active_connection.cpp
+	settings.cpp
 	accesspoint.cpp
 	wireless.cpp
+	wired.cpp
 	utils.cpp
+	dbus_types.cpp
+	network.cpp
 	enums.hpp
 	${NM_DBUS_INTERFACES}
 )
@@ -77,3 +91,4 @@ target_include_directories(quickshell-network-nm PUBLIC
 
 target_link_libraries(quickshell-network-nm PRIVATE Qt::Qml Qt::DBus)
 qs_add_link_dependencies(quickshell-network-nm quickshell-dbus)
+qs_add_link_dependencies(quickshell-network-nm quickshell-network)

src/network/nm/accesspoint.hpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_accesspoint.h"
 #include "enums.hpp"
 
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString path() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString address() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] QByteArray ssid() const { return this->bSsid; };
-	[[nodiscard]] quint8 signalStrength() const { return this->bSignalStrength; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApFlags::Enum flags() const { return this->bFlags; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApSecurityFlags::Enum wpaFlags() const { return this->bWpaFlags; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApSecurityFlags::Enum rsnFlags() const { return this->bRsnFlags; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NM80211Mode::Enum mode() const { return this->bMode; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<WifiSecurityType::Enum> bindableSecurity() { return &this->bSecurity; };
-	[[nodiscard]] WifiSecurityType::Enum security() const { return this->bSecurity; };
+	[[nodiscard]] QByteArray ssid() const { return this->bSsid; }
+	[[nodiscard]] quint8 signalStrength() const { return this->bSignalStrength; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApFlags::Enum flags() const { return this->bFlags; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApSecurityFlags::Enum wpaFlags() const { return this->bWpaFlags; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NM80211ApSecurityFlags::Enum rsnFlags() const { return this->bRsnFlags; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NM80211Mode::Enum mode() const { return this->bMode; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<WifiSecurityType::Enum> bindableSecurity() { return &this->bSecurity; }
+	[[nodiscard]] WifiSecurityType::Enum security() const { return this->bSecurity; }
 
 signals:
 	void loaded();

src/network/nm/active_connection.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
+
+#include <qcontainerfwd.h>
+#include <qdbusconnection.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
+#include <qlogging.h>
+#include <qloggingcategory.h>
+#include <qnamespace.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
+#include "dbus_nm_active_connection.h"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+using namespace qs::dbus;
+
+namespace {
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWarningMsg);
+}
+
+NMActiveConnection::NMActiveConnection(const QString& path, QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
+	this->proxy = new DBusNMActiveConnectionProxy(
+	    "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager",
+	    path,
+	    QDBusConnection::systemBus(),
+	    this
+	);
+
+	if (!this->proxy->isValid()) {
+		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Cannot create DBus interface for connection at" << path;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// clang-format off
+	QObject::connect(&this->activeConnectionProperties, &DBusPropertyGroup::getAllFinished, this, &NMActiveConnection::loaded, Qt::SingleShotConnection);
+	QObject::connect(this->proxy, &DBusNMActiveConnectionProxy::StateChanged, this, &NMActiveConnection::onStateChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+
+	this->activeConnectionProperties.setInterface(this->proxy);
+	this->activeConnectionProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
+}
+
+void NMActiveConnection::onStateChanged(quint32 /*state*/, quint32 reason) {
+	auto enumReason = static_cast<NMConnectionStateReason::Enum>(reason);
+	if (this->bStateReason == enumReason) return;
+	this->bStateReason = enumReason;
+}
+
+bool NMActiveConnection::isValid() const { return this->proxy && this->proxy->isValid(); }
+QString NMActiveConnection::address() const {
+	return this->proxy ? this->proxy->service() : QString();
+}
+QString NMActiveConnection::path() const { return this->proxy ? this->proxy->path() : QString(); }
+
+} // namespace qs::network
+
+namespace qs::dbus {
+
+DBusResult<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>
+DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>::fromWire(quint32 wire) {
+	return DBusResult(static_cast<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>(wire));
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::dbus

src/network/nm/active_connection.hpp

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <qbytearray.h>
 #include <qdbusextratypes.h>
 #include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
-#include <qdbuspendingreply.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
 #include <qproperty.h>
-#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qqmlintegration.h>
+#include <qstringlist.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_active_connection.h"
-#include "dbus_nm_connection_settings.h"
-#include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::dbus {
@@ -28,40 +26,6 @@ struct DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum> {
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
-// Proxy of a /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/Connection/* object.
-class NMConnectionSettings: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-
-public:
-	explicit NMConnectionSettings(const QString& path, QObject* parent = nullptr);
-
-	void forget();
-
-	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] QString path() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] QString address() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] ConnectionSettingsMap settings() const { return this->bSettings; };
-	[[nodiscard]] WifiSecurityType::Enum security() const { return this->bSecurity; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<WifiSecurityType::Enum> bindableSecurity() { return &this->bSecurity; };
-
-signals:
-	void loaded();
-	void settingsChanged(ConnectionSettingsMap settings);
-	void securityChanged(WifiSecurityType::Enum security);
-	void ssidChanged(QString ssid);
-
-private:
-	bool mLoaded = false;
-	void updateSettings();
-	// clang-format off
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMConnectionSettings, ConnectionSettingsMap, bSettings, &NMConnectionSettings::settingsChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMConnectionSettings, WifiSecurityType::Enum, bSecurity, &NMConnectionSettings::securityChanged);
-	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NMConnectionSettings, connectionSettingsProperties);
-	// clang-format on
-
-	DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy* proxy = nullptr;
-};
-
 // Proxy of a /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/* object.
 class NMActiveConnection: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
@@ -72,31 +36,27 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString path() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString address() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] QDBusObjectPath connection() const { return this->bConnection; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionStateReason::Enum stateReason() const { return this->mStateReason; };
+	[[nodiscard]] QDBusObjectPath connection() const { return this->bConnection; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionStateReason::Enum stateReason() const { return this->bStateReason; }
 
 signals:
 	void loaded();
 	void connectionChanged(QDBusObjectPath path);
 	void stateChanged(NMConnectionState::Enum state);
 	void stateReasonChanged(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason);
-	void uuidChanged(const QString& uuid);
 
 private slots:
 	void onStateChanged(quint32 state, quint32 reason);
 
 private:
-	NMConnectionStateReason::Enum mStateReason = NMConnectionStateReason::Unknown;
-
 	// clang-format off
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMActiveConnection, QDBusObjectPath, bConnection, &NMActiveConnection::connectionChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMActiveConnection, QString, bUuid, &NMActiveConnection::uuidChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMActiveConnection, NMConnectionState::Enum, bState, &NMActiveConnection::stateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMActiveConnection, NMConnectionStateReason::Enum, bStateReason, &NMActiveConnection::stateReasonChanged);
 
 	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NMActiveConnection, activeConnectionProperties);
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMActiveConnection, pConnection, bConnection, activeConnectionProperties, "Connection");
-	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMActiveConnection, pUuid, bUuid, activeConnectionProperties, "Uuid");
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMActiveConnection, pState, bState, activeConnectionProperties, "State");
 	// clang-format on
 	DBusNMActiveConnectionProxy* proxy = nullptr;

src/network/nm/backend.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "backend.hpp"
 
+#include <qbytearray.h>
 #include <qdbusconnection.h>
 #include <qdbusextratypes.h>
 #include <qdbusmetatype.h>
@@ -14,14 +15,13 @@
 
 #include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../device.hpp"
-#include "../network.hpp"
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "../qml.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_backend.h"
 #include "dbus_nm_device.h"
 #include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "device.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
+#include "wired.hpp"
 #include "wireless.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWa
 }
 
 NetworkManager::NetworkManager(QObject* parent): NetworkBackend(parent) {
-	qDBusRegisterMetaType<ConnectionSettingsMap>();
+	qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Connecting to NetworkManager";
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<NMSettingsMap>();
 
 	auto bus = QDBusConnection::systemBus();
 	if (!bus.isConnected()) {
@@ -69,6 +70,23 @@ void NetworkManager::init() {
 	this->registerDevices();
 }
 
+void NetworkManager::checkConnectivity() {
+	auto pending = this->proxy->CheckConnectivity();
+	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
+
+	auto responseCallback = [](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+		const QDBusPendingReply<quint32> reply = *call;
+
+		if (reply.isError()) {
+			qCInfo(logNetworkManager) << "Failed to check connectivity: " << reply.error().message();
+		}
+
+		delete call;
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
+}
+
 void NetworkManager::registerDevices() {
 	auto pending = this->proxy->GetAllDevices();
 	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
@@ -113,27 +131,27 @@ void NetworkManager::registerDevice(const QString& path) {
 
 			switch (type) {
 			case NMDeviceType::Wifi: dev = new NMWirelessDevice(path); break;
+			case NMDeviceType::Ethernet: dev = new NMWiredDevice(path); break;
 			default: break;
 			}
 
 			if (dev) {
+				qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Device added:" << path;
 				if (!dev->isValid()) {
 					qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Ignoring invalid registration of" << path;
 					delete dev;
 				} else {
 					this->mDevices[path] = dev;
-					// Only register a frontend device while it's managed by NM.
-					auto onManagedChanged = [this, dev, type](bool managed) {
-						managed ? this->registerFrontendDevice(type, dev) : this->removeFrontendDevice(dev);
-					};
 					// clang-format off
 					QObject::connect(dev, &NMDevice::addAndActivateConnection, this, &NetworkManager::addAndActivateConnection);
 					QObject::connect(dev, &NMDevice::activateConnection, this, &NetworkManager::activateConnection);
-					QObject::connect(dev, &NMDevice::managedChanged, this, onManagedChanged);
 					// clang-format on
-
-					if (dev->managed()) this->registerFrontendDevice(type, dev);
+					QObject::connect(dev, &NMDevice::loaded, this, [this, dev]() {
+						emit this->deviceAdded(dev->frontend());
+					});
 				}
+			} else {
+				qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Ignoring registration of unsupported device:" << path;
 			}
 			temp->deleteLater();
 		}
@@ -142,66 +160,6 @@ void NetworkManager::registerDevice(const QString& path) {
 	qs::dbus::asyncReadProperty<uint>(*temp, "DeviceType", callback);
 }
 
-void NetworkManager::registerFrontendDevice(NMDeviceType::Enum type, NMDevice* dev) {
-	NetworkDevice* frontendDev = nullptr;
-	switch (type) {
-	case NMDeviceType::Wifi: {
-		auto* frontendWifiDev = new WifiDevice(dev);
-		auto* wifiDev = qobject_cast<NMWirelessDevice*>(dev);
-		// Bind WifiDevice-specific properties
-		auto translateMode = [wifiDev]() {
-			switch (wifiDev->mode()) {
-			case NM80211Mode::Unknown: return WifiDeviceMode::Unknown;
-			case NM80211Mode::Adhoc: return WifiDeviceMode::AdHoc;
-			case NM80211Mode::Infra: return WifiDeviceMode::Station;
-			case NM80211Mode::Ap: return WifiDeviceMode::AccessPoint;
-			case NM80211Mode::Mesh: return WifiDeviceMode::Mesh;
-			}
-		};
-		// clang-format off
-		frontendWifiDev->bindableMode().setBinding(translateMode);
-		wifiDev->bindableScanning().setBinding([frontendWifiDev]() { return frontendWifiDev->scannerEnabled(); });
-		QObject::connect(wifiDev, &NMWirelessDevice::networkAdded, frontendWifiDev, &WifiDevice::networkAdded);
-		QObject::connect(wifiDev, &NMWirelessDevice::networkRemoved, frontendWifiDev, &WifiDevice::networkRemoved);
-		// clang-format on
-		frontendDev = frontendWifiDev;
-		break;
-	}
-	default: return;
-	}
-
-	// Bind generic NetworkDevice properties
-	auto translateState = [dev]() {
-		switch (dev->state()) {
-		case 0 ... 20: return DeviceConnectionState::Unknown;
-		case 30: return DeviceConnectionState::Disconnected;
-		case 40 ... 90: return DeviceConnectionState::Connecting;
-		case 100: return DeviceConnectionState::Connected;
-		case 110 ... 120: return DeviceConnectionState::Disconnecting;
-		}
-	};
-	// clang-format off
-	frontendDev->bindableName().setBinding([dev]() { return dev->interface(); });
-	frontendDev->bindableAddress().setBinding([dev]() { return dev->hwAddress(); });
-	frontendDev->bindableNmState().setBinding([dev]() { return dev->state(); });
-	frontendDev->bindableState().setBinding(translateState);
-	frontendDev->bindableAutoconnect().setBinding([dev]() { return dev->autoconnect(); });
-	QObject::connect(frontendDev, &WifiDevice::requestDisconnect, dev, &NMDevice::disconnect);
-	QObject::connect(frontendDev, &NetworkDevice::requestSetAutoconnect, dev, &NMDevice::setAutoconnect);
-	// clang-format on
-
-	this->mFrontendDevices.insert(dev->path(), frontendDev);
-	emit this->deviceAdded(frontendDev);
-}
-
-void NetworkManager::removeFrontendDevice(NMDevice* dev) {
-	auto* frontendDev = this->mFrontendDevices.take(dev->path());
-	if (frontendDev) {
-		emit this->deviceRemoved(frontendDev);
-		frontendDev->deleteLater();
-	}
-}
-
 void NetworkManager::onDevicePathAdded(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 	this->registerDevice(path.path());
 }
@@ -215,7 +173,8 @@ void NetworkManager::onDevicePathRemoved(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 		auto* dev = iter.value();
 		this->mDevices.erase(iter);
 		if (dev) {
-			this->removeFrontendDevice(dev);
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Device removed:" << path.path();
+			emit this->deviceRemoved(dev->frontend());
 			delete dev;
 		}
 	}
@@ -240,7 +199,7 @@ void NetworkManager::activateConnection(
 }
 
 void NetworkManager::addAndActivateConnection(
-    const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings,
+    const NMSettingsMap& settings,
     const QDBusObjectPath& devPath,
     const QDBusObjectPath& specificObjectPath
 ) {
@@ -259,6 +218,12 @@ void NetworkManager::addAndActivateConnection(
 	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
 }
 
+void NetworkManager::setConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled) {
+	if (enabled == this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled) return;
+	this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled = enabled;
+	this->pConnectivityCheckEnabled.write();
+}
+
 void NetworkManager::setWifiEnabled(bool enabled) {
 	if (enabled == this->bWifiEnabled) return;
 	this->bWifiEnabled = enabled;
@@ -268,3 +233,12 @@ void NetworkManager::setWifiEnabled(bool enabled) {
 bool NetworkManager::isAvailable() const { return this->proxy && this->proxy->isValid(); };
 
 } // namespace qs::network
+
+namespace qs::dbus {
+
+DBusResult<qs::network::NMConnectivityState::Enum>
+DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMConnectivityState::Enum>::fromWire(quint32 wire) {
+	return DBusResult(static_cast<qs::network::NMConnectivityState::Enum>(wire));
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::dbus

src/network/nm/backend.hpp

@@ -8,9 +8,22 @@
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../network.hpp"
+#include "../qml.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_backend.h"
+#include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::dbus {
+
+template <>
+struct DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMConnectivityState::Enum> {
+	using Wire = quint32;
+	using Data = qs::network::NMConnectivityState::Enum;
+	static DBusResult<Data> fromWire(Wire wire);
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::dbus
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
@@ -21,24 +34,34 @@ public:
 	explicit NetworkManager(QObject* parent = nullptr);
 
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isAvailable() const override;
-	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiEnabled() const { return this->bWifiEnabled; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiHardwareEnabled() const { return this->bWifiHardwareEnabled; };
+	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiEnabled() const { return this->bWifiEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiHardwareEnabled() const { return this->bWifiHardwareEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool connectivityCheckAvailable() const {
+		return this->bConnectivityCheckAvailable;
+	};
+	[[nodiscard]] bool connectivityCheckEnabled() const { return this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectivityState::Enum connectivity() const { return this->bConnectivity; }
 
 signals:
 	void deviceAdded(NetworkDevice* device);
 	void deviceRemoved(NetworkDevice* device);
 	void wifiEnabledChanged(bool enabled);
 	void wifiHardwareEnabledChanged(bool enabled);
+	void connectivityStateChanged(NMConnectivityState::Enum state);
+	void connectivityCheckAvailableChanged(bool available);
+	void connectivityCheckEnabledChanged(bool enabled);
 
 public slots:
 	void setWifiEnabled(bool enabled);
+	void setConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled);
+	void checkConnectivity();
 
 private slots:
 	void onDevicePathAdded(const QDBusObjectPath& path);
 	void onDevicePathRemoved(const QDBusObjectPath& path);
 	void activateConnection(const QDBusObjectPath& connPath, const QDBusObjectPath& devPath);
 	void addAndActivateConnection(
-	    const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings,
+	    const NMSettingsMap& settings,
 	    const QDBusObjectPath& devPath,
 	    const QDBusObjectPath& specificObjectPath
 	);
@@ -47,19 +70,22 @@ private:
 	void init();
 	void registerDevices();
 	void registerDevice(const QString& path);
-	void registerFrontendDevice(NMDeviceType::Enum type, NMDevice* dev);
-	void removeFrontendDevice(NMDevice* dev);
 
 	QHash<QString, NMDevice*> mDevices;
-	QHash<QString, NetworkDevice*> mFrontendDevices;
 
 	// clang-format off
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkManager, bool, bWifiEnabled, &NetworkManager::wifiEnabledChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkManager, bool, bWifiHardwareEnabled, &NetworkManager::wifiHardwareEnabledChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkManager, NMConnectivityState::Enum, bConnectivity, &NetworkManager::connectivityStateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkManager, bool, bConnectivityCheckAvailable, &NetworkManager::connectivityCheckAvailableChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NetworkManager, bool, bConnectivityCheckEnabled, &NetworkManager::connectivityCheckEnabledChanged);
 
 	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NetworkManager, dbusProperties);
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NetworkManager, pWifiEnabled, bWifiEnabled, dbusProperties, "WirelessEnabled");
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NetworkManager, pWifiHardwareEnabled, bWifiHardwareEnabled, dbusProperties, "WirelessHardwareEnabled");
+	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NetworkManager, pConnectivity, bConnectivity, dbusProperties, "Connectivity");
+	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NetworkManager, pConnectivityCheckAvailable, bConnectivityCheckAvailable, dbusProperties, "ConnectivityCheckAvailable");
+	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NetworkManager, pConnectivityCheckEnabled, bConnectivityCheckEnabled, dbusProperties, "ConnectivityCheckEnabled");
 	// clang-format on
 	DBusNetworkManagerProxy* proxy = nullptr;
 };

src/network/nm/connection.cpp

@@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
-#include "connection.hpp"
-
-#include <qdbusconnection.h>
-#include <qdbusmetatype.h>
-#include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
-#include <qdbuspendingreply.h>
-#include <qlogging.h>
-#include <qloggingcategory.h>
-#include <qnamespace.h>
-#include <qobject.h>
-#include <qstring.h>
-#include <qtmetamacros.h>
-#include <qtypes.h>
-
-#include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
-#include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
-#include "dbus_nm_active_connection.h"
-#include "dbus_nm_connection_settings.h"
-#include "dbus_types.hpp"
-#include "enums.hpp"
-#include "utils.hpp"
-
-namespace qs::network {
-using namespace qs::dbus;
-
-namespace {
-QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWarningMsg);
-}
-
-NMConnectionSettings::NMConnectionSettings(const QString& path, QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
-	qDBusRegisterMetaType<ConnectionSettingsMap>();
-
-	this->proxy = new DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy(
-	    "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager",
-	    path,
-	    QDBusConnection::systemBus(),
-	    this
-	);
-
-	if (!this->proxy->isValid()) {
-		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Cannot create DBus interface for connection at" << path;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	QObject::connect(
-	    this->proxy,
-	    &DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy::Updated,
-	    this,
-	    &NMConnectionSettings::updateSettings
-	);
-	this->bSecurity.setBinding([this]() { return securityFromConnectionSettings(this->bSettings); });
-
-	this->connectionSettingsProperties.setInterface(this->proxy);
-	this->connectionSettingsProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
-
-	this->updateSettings();
-}
-
-void NMConnectionSettings::updateSettings() {
-	auto pending = this->proxy->GetSettings();
-	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
-
-	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
-		const QDBusPendingReply<ConnectionSettingsMap> reply = *call;
-
-		if (reply.isError()) {
-			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
-			    << "Failed to get" << this->path() << "settings:" << reply.error().message();
-		} else {
-			this->bSettings = reply.value();
-		}
-
-		if (!this->mLoaded) {
-			emit this->loaded();
-			this->mLoaded = true;
-		}
-		delete call;
-	};
-
-	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
-}
-
-void NMConnectionSettings::forget() {
-	auto pending = this->proxy->Delete();
-	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
-
-	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
-		const QDBusPendingReply<> reply = *call;
-
-		if (reply.isError()) {
-			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
-			    << "Failed to forget" << this->path() << ":" << reply.error().message();
-		}
-		delete call;
-	};
-
-	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
-}
-
-bool NMConnectionSettings::isValid() const { return this->proxy && this->proxy->isValid(); }
-QString NMConnectionSettings::address() const {
-	return this->proxy ? this->proxy->service() : QString();
-}
-QString NMConnectionSettings::path() const { return this->proxy ? this->proxy->path() : QString(); }
-
-NMActiveConnection::NMActiveConnection(const QString& path, QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
-	this->proxy = new DBusNMActiveConnectionProxy(
-	    "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager",
-	    path,
-	    QDBusConnection::systemBus(),
-	    this
-	);
-
-	if (!this->proxy->isValid()) {
-		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Cannot create DBus interface for connection at" << path;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// clang-format off
-	QObject::connect(&this->activeConnectionProperties, &DBusPropertyGroup::getAllFinished, this, &NMActiveConnection::loaded, Qt::SingleShotConnection);
-	QObject::connect(this->proxy, &DBusNMActiveConnectionProxy::StateChanged, this, &NMActiveConnection::onStateChanged);
-	// clang-format on
-
-	this->activeConnectionProperties.setInterface(this->proxy);
-	this->activeConnectionProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
-}
-
-void NMActiveConnection::onStateChanged(quint32 /*state*/, quint32 reason) {
-	auto enumReason = static_cast<NMConnectionStateReason::Enum>(reason);
-	if (this->mStateReason == enumReason) return;
-	this->mStateReason = enumReason;
-	emit this->stateReasonChanged(enumReason);
-}
-
-bool NMActiveConnection::isValid() const { return this->proxy && this->proxy->isValid(); }
-QString NMActiveConnection::address() const {
-	return this->proxy ? this->proxy->service() : QString();
-}
-QString NMActiveConnection::path() const { return this->proxy ? this->proxy->path() : QString(); }
-
-} // namespace qs::network
-
-namespace qs::dbus {
-
-DBusResult<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>
-DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>::fromWire(quint32 wire) {
-	return DBusResult(static_cast<qs::network::NMConnectionState::Enum>(wire));
-}
-
-} // namespace qs::dbus

src/network/nm/dbus_types.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#include "dbus_types.hpp"
+
+#include <qbytearray.h>
+#include <qcontainerfwd.h>
+#include <qdbusargument.h>
+#include <qmap.h>
+#include <qmetatype.h>
+#include <qstring.h>
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, NMSettingsMap& map) {
+	argument.beginMap();
+	while (!argument.atEnd()) {
+		argument.beginMapEntry();
+		QString groupName;
+		argument >> groupName;
+
+		QVariantMap group;
+		argument >> group;
+
+		map.insert(groupName, group);
+		argument.endMapEntry();
+	}
+	argument.endMap();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const NMSettingsMap& map) {
+	argument.beginMap(qMetaTypeId<QString>(), qMetaTypeId<QVariantMap>());
+	for (auto it = map.constBegin(); it != map.constEnd(); ++it) {
+		argument.beginMapEntry();
+		argument << it.key();
+		argument << it.value();
+		argument.endMapEntry();
+	}
+	argument.endMap();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, NMIPv6Address& addr) {
+	argument.beginStructure();
+	argument >> addr.address >> addr.prefix >> addr.gateway;
+	argument.endStructure();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const NMIPv6Address& addr) {
+	argument.beginStructure();
+	argument << addr.address << addr.prefix << addr.gateway;
+	argument.endStructure();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, NMIPv6Route& route) {
+	argument.beginStructure();
+	argument >> route.destination >> route.prefix >> route.nexthop >> route.metric;
+	argument.endStructure();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const NMIPv6Route& route) {
+	argument.beginStructure();
+	argument << route.destination << route.prefix << route.nexthop << route.metric;
+	argument.endStructure();
+	return argument;
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/dbus_types.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,40 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <qdbusextratypes.h>
+#include <qbytearray.h>
+#include <qdbusargument.h>
 #include <qmap.h>
 #include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
 #include <qvariant.h>
 
-using ConnectionSettingsMap = QMap<QString, QVariantMap>;
-Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(ConnectionSettingsMap);
+namespace qs::network {
+
+using NMSettingsMap = QMap<QString, QVariantMap>;
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, NMSettingsMap& map);
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const NMSettingsMap& map);
+
+struct NMIPv6Address {
+	QByteArray address;
+	quint32 prefix = 0;
+	QByteArray gateway;
+};
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, qs::network::NMIPv6Address& addr);
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const qs::network::NMIPv6Address& addr);
+
+struct NMIPv6Route {
+	QByteArray destination;
+	quint32 prefix = 0;
+	QByteArray nexthop;
+	quint32 metric = 0;
+};
+
+const QDBusArgument& operator>>(const QDBusArgument& argument, qs::network::NMIPv6Route& route);
+const QDBusArgument& operator<<(QDBusArgument& argument, const qs::network::NMIPv6Route& route);
+
+} // namespace qs::network
+
+Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(qs::network::NMSettingsMap);
+Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(qs::network::NMIPv6Address);
+Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(qs::network::NMIPv6Route);

src/network/nm/device.cpp

@@ -15,8 +15,13 @@
 #include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
 #include "../device.hpp"
-#include "connection.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_device.h"
+#include "dbus_types.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 using namespace qs::dbus;
@@ -39,19 +44,68 @@ NMDevice::NMDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
 	}
 
 	// clang-format off
-	QObject::connect(this, &NMDevice::availableConnectionPathsChanged, this, &NMDevice::onAvailableConnectionPathsChanged);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMDevice::availableSettingsPathsChanged, this, &NMDevice::onAvailableSettingsPathsChanged);
 	QObject::connect(this, &NMDevice::activeConnectionPathChanged, this, &NMDevice::onActiveConnectionPathChanged);
+	QObject::connect(this->deviceProxy, &DBusNMDeviceProxy::StateChanged, this, &NMDevice::onStateChanged);
 	// clang-format on
 
 	this->deviceProperties.setInterface(this->deviceProxy);
 	this->deviceProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
 }
 
+void NMDevice::bindFrontend(NetworkDevice* frontend) {
+	auto translateState = [this]() {
+		switch (this->state()) {
+		case 0 ... 20: return ConnectionState::Unknown;
+		case 30: return ConnectionState::Disconnected;
+		case 40 ... 90: return ConnectionState::Connecting;
+		case 100: return ConnectionState::Connected;
+		case 110 ... 120: return ConnectionState::Disconnecting;
+		}
+	};
+	// clang-format off
+	frontend->bindableName().setBinding([this]() { return this->interface(); });
+	frontend->bindableAddress().setBinding([this]() { return this->hwAddress(); });
+	frontend->bindableState().setBinding(translateState);
+	frontend->bindableAutoconnect().setBinding([this]() { return this->autoconnect(); });
+	frontend->bindableNmManaged().setBinding([this]() { return this->managed(); });
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &NetworkDevice::requestDisconnect, this, &NMDevice::disconnect);
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &NetworkDevice::requestSetAutoconnect, this, &NMDevice::setAutoconnect);
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &NetworkDevice::requestSetNmManaged, this, &NMDevice::setManaged);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMDevice::networkAdded, frontend, &NetworkDevice::networkAdded);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMDevice::networkRemoved, frontend, &NetworkDevice::networkRemoved);
+}
+
+void NMDevice::onStateChanged(quint32 newState, quint32 /*oldState*/, quint32 reason) {
+	auto enumReason = static_cast<NMDeviceStateReason::Enum>(reason);
+	auto enumNewState = static_cast<NMDeviceState::Enum>(newState);
+	if (enumNewState == NMDeviceState::Failed) this->bLastFailReason = enumReason;
+	if (this->bStateReason == enumReason) return;
+	this->bStateReason = enumReason;
+}
+
+void NMDevice::bindNetwork(NMNetwork* net) {
+	net->bindableDeviceFailReason().setBinding([this]() { return this->lastFailReason(); });
+	QObject::connect(net, &NMNetwork::requestDisconnect, this, &NMDevice::disconnect);
+	QObject::connect(net, &NMNetwork::requestActivateConnection, this, [this](const QString& settingsPath){
+		emit this->activateConnection(QDBusObjectPath(settingsPath), QDBusObjectPath(this->path()));	
+	});
+	QObject::connect(net, &NMNetwork::requestAddAndActivateConnection, this, [this](const NMSettingsMap& settingsMap, const QString& specificObject){
+		emit this->addAndActivateConnection(settingsMap, QDBusObjectPath(this->path()), QDBusObjectPath(specificObject));	
+	});
+	QObject::connect(net, &NMNetwork::visibilityChanged, this, [this, net](bool visible) {
+		if (visible) emit this->networkAdded(net->frontend());
+		else emit this->networkRemoved(net->frontend());
+	});
+	if (net->visible()) emit this->networkAdded(net->frontend());
+}
+
 void NMDevice::onActiveConnectionPathChanged(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 	const QString stringPath = path.path();
 
 	// Remove old active connection
 	if (this->mActiveConnection) {
+		qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Active connection removed:" << this->mActiveConnection->path();
 		QObject::disconnect(this->mActiveConnection, nullptr, this, nullptr);
 		delete this->mActiveConnection;
 		this->mActiveConnection = nullptr;
@@ -64,6 +118,7 @@ void NMDevice::onActiveConnectionPathChanged(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 			qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Ignoring invalid registration of" << stringPath;
 			delete active;
 		} else {
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Active connection added:" << stringPath;
 			this->mActiveConnection = active;
 			QObject::connect(
 			    active,
@@ -76,42 +131,44 @@ void NMDevice::onActiveConnectionPathChanged(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 	}
 }
 
-void NMDevice::onAvailableConnectionPathsChanged(const QList<QDBusObjectPath>& paths) {
+void NMDevice::onAvailableSettingsPathsChanged(const QList<QDBusObjectPath>& paths) {
 	QSet<QString> newPathSet;
 	for (const QDBusObjectPath& path: paths) {
 		newPathSet.insert(path.path());
 	}
-	const auto existingPaths = this->mConnections.keys();
+	const auto existingPaths = this->mSettings.keys();
 	const QSet<QString> existingPathSet(existingPaths.begin(), existingPaths.end());
 
-	const auto addedConnections = newPathSet - existingPathSet;
-	const auto removedConnections = existingPathSet - newPathSet;
+	const auto addedSettings = newPathSet - existingPathSet;
+	const auto removedSettings = existingPathSet - newPathSet;
 
-	for (const QString& path: addedConnections) {
-		this->registerConnection(path);
+	for (const QString& path: addedSettings) {
+		this->registerSettings(path);
 	}
-	for (const QString& path: removedConnections) {
-		auto* connection = this->mConnections.take(path);
+	for (const QString& path: removedSettings) {
+		auto* connection = this->mSettings.take(path);
 		if (!connection) {
 			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Sent removal signal for" << path << "which is not registered.";
 		} else {
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Connection settings removed:" << path;
 			delete connection;
 		}
 	};
 }
 
-void NMDevice::registerConnection(const QString& path) {
-	auto* connection = new NMConnectionSettings(path, this);
-	if (!connection->isValid()) {
+void NMDevice::registerSettings(const QString& path) {
+	auto* settings = new NMSettings(path, this);
+	if (!settings->isValid()) {
 		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Ignoring invalid registration of" << path;
-		delete connection;
+		delete settings;
 	} else {
-		this->mConnections.insert(path, connection);
+		qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Connection settings added:" << path;
+		this->mSettings.insert(path, settings);
 		QObject::connect(
-		    connection,
-		    &NMConnectionSettings::loaded,
+		    settings,
+		    &NMSettings::loaded,
 		    this,
-		    [this, connection]() { emit this->connectionLoaded(connection); },
+		    [this, settings]() { emit this->settingsLoaded(settings); },
 		    Qt::SingleShotConnection
 		);
 	}
@@ -125,6 +182,12 @@ void NMDevice::setAutoconnect(bool autoconnect) {
 	this->pAutoconnect.write();
 }
 
+void NMDevice::setManaged(bool managed) {
+	if (managed == this->bManaged) return;
+	this->bManaged = managed;
+	this->pManaged.write();
+}
+
 bool NMDevice::isValid() const { return this->deviceProxy && this->deviceProxy->isValid(); }
 QString NMDevice::address() const {
 	return this->deviceProxy ? this->deviceProxy->service() : QString();
@@ -140,4 +203,9 @@ DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMDeviceState::Enum>::fromWire(quint32 wire) {
 	return DBusResult(static_cast<qs::network::NMDeviceState::Enum>(wire));
 }
 
+DBusResult<qs::network::NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum>
+DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum>::fromWire(quint32 wire) {
+	return DBusResult(static_cast<qs::network::NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum>(wire));
+}
+
 } // namespace qs::dbus

src/network/nm/device.hpp

@@ -8,8 +8,12 @@
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "connection.hpp"
+#include "../device.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_device.h"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::dbus {
 
@@ -20,6 +24,13 @@ struct DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMDeviceState::Enum> {
 	static DBusResult<Data> fromWire(Wire wire);
 };
 
+template <>
+struct DBusDataTransform<qs::network::NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum> {
+	using Wire = quint32;
+	using Data = qs::network::NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum;
+	static DBusResult<Data> fromWire(Wire wire);
+};
+
 } // namespace qs::dbus
 
 namespace qs::network {
@@ -36,43 +47,61 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] virtual bool isValid() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString path() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] QString address() const;
-	[[nodiscard]] QString interface() const { return this->bInterface; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QString hwAddress() const { return this->bHwAddress; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool managed() const { return this->bManaged; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool autoconnect() const { return this->bAutoconnect; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMActiveConnection* activeConnection() const { return this->mActiveConnection; };
+	[[nodiscard]] QString interface() const { return this->bInterface; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QString hwAddress() const { return this->bHwAddress; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool managed() const { return this->bManaged; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceStateReason::Enum stateReason() const { return this->bStateReason; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceStateReason::Enum lastFailReason() const { return this->bLastFailReason; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum interfaceFlags() const {
+		return this->bInterfaceFlags;
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] bool autoconnect() const { return this->bAutoconnect; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMActiveConnection* activeConnection() const { return this->mActiveConnection; }
+	[[nodiscard]] virtual NetworkDevice* frontend() = 0;
 
 signals:
+	void loaded();
 	void activateConnection(const QDBusObjectPath& connPath, const QDBusObjectPath& devPath);
 	void addAndActivateConnection(
-	    const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings,
+	    const NMSettingsMap& settings,
 	    const QDBusObjectPath& devPath,
-	    const QDBusObjectPath& apPath
+	    const QDBusObjectPath& specificObjectPath
 	);
-	void connectionLoaded(NMConnectionSettings* connection);
-	void connectionRemoved(NMConnectionSettings* connection);
-	void availableConnectionPathsChanged(QList<QDBusObjectPath> paths);
+	void networkAdded(Network* net);
+	void networkRemoved(Network* net);
+	void settingsLoaded(NMSettings* settings);
+	void settingsRemoved(NMSettings* settings);
+	void availableSettingsPathsChanged(QList<QDBusObjectPath> paths);
 	void activeConnectionPathChanged(const QDBusObjectPath& connection);
 	void activeConnectionLoaded(NMActiveConnection* active);
 	void interfaceChanged(const QString& interface);
 	void hwAddressChanged(const QString& hwAddress);
 	void managedChanged(bool managed);
 	void stateChanged(NMDeviceState::Enum state);
+	void stateReasonChanged(NMDeviceStateReason::Enum reason);
+	void lastFailReasonChanged(NMDeviceStateReason::Enum reason);
 	void autoconnectChanged(bool autoconnect);
+	void interfaceFlagsChanged(NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum flags);
 
 public slots:
 	void disconnect();
 	void setAutoconnect(bool autoconnect);
+	void setManaged(bool managed);
+
+protected:
+	void bindFrontend(NetworkDevice* frontend);
+	void bindNetwork(NMNetwork* net);
 
 private slots:
-	void onAvailableConnectionPathsChanged(const QList<QDBusObjectPath>& paths);
+	void onStateChanged(quint32 newState, quint32 oldState, quint32 reason);
+	void onAvailableSettingsPathsChanged(const QList<QDBusObjectPath>& paths);
 	void onActiveConnectionPathChanged(const QDBusObjectPath& path);
 
 private:
-	void registerConnection(const QString& path);
+	void registerSettings(const QString& path);
 
-	QHash<QString, NMConnectionSettings*> mConnections;
+	QHash<QString, NMSettings*> mSettings;
 	NMActiveConnection* mActiveConnection = nullptr;
 
 	// clang-format off
@@ -80,9 +109,12 @@ private:
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, QString, bHwAddress, &NMDevice::hwAddressChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, bool, bManaged, &NMDevice::managedChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, NMDeviceState::Enum, bState, &NMDevice::stateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, NMDeviceStateReason::Enum, bStateReason, &NMDevice::stateReasonChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, NMDeviceStateReason::Enum, bLastFailReason, &NMDevice::lastFailReasonChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, bool, bAutoconnect, &NMDevice::autoconnectChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, QList<QDBusObjectPath>, bAvailableConnections, &NMDevice::availableConnectionPathsChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, QList<QDBusObjectPath>, bAvailableConnections, &NMDevice::availableSettingsPathsChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, QDBusObjectPath, bActiveConnection, &NMDevice::activeConnectionPathChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMDevice, NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Enum, bInterfaceFlags, &NMDevice::interfaceFlagsChanged);
 
 	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NMDeviceAdapter, deviceProperties);
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMDevice, pName, bInterface, deviceProperties, "Interface");
@@ -92,6 +124,7 @@ private:
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMDevice, pAutoconnect, bAutoconnect, deviceProperties, "Autoconnect");
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMDevice, pAvailableConnections, bAvailableConnections, deviceProperties, "AvailableConnections");
 	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMDevice, pActiveConnection, bActiveConnection, deviceProperties, "ActiveConnection");
+	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMDevice, pInterfaceFlags, bInterfaceFlags, deviceProperties, "InterfaceFlags");
 	// clang-format on
 
 	DBusNMDeviceProxy* deviceProxy = nullptr;

src/network/nm/enums.hpp

@@ -7,6 +7,20 @@
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
+// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMConnectivityState
+class NMConnectivityState: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		Unknown = 0,
+		None = 1,
+		Portal = 2,
+		Limited = 3,
+		Full = 4,
+	};
+};
+
 // Indicates the type of hardware represented by a device object.
 class NMDeviceType: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
@@ -52,6 +66,140 @@ public:
 	Q_ENUM(Enum);
 };
 
+// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMDeviceState.
+class NMDeviceState: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		Unknown = 0,
+		Unmanaged = 10,
+		Unavailable = 20,
+		Disconnected = 30,
+		Prepare = 40,
+		Config = 50,
+		NeedAuth = 60,
+		IPConfig = 70,
+		IPCheck = 80,
+		Secondaries = 90,
+		Activated = 100,
+		Deactivating = 110,
+		Failed = 120,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+};
+
+// Device state change reason codes.
+// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMDeviceStateReason.
+class NMDeviceStateReason: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		None = 0,
+		Unknown = 1,
+		NowManaged = 2,
+		NowUnmanaged = 3,
+		ConfigFailed = 4,
+		IpConfigUnavailable = 5,
+		IpConfigExpired = 6,
+		NoSecrets = 7,
+		SupplicantDisconnect = 8,
+		SupplicantConfigFailed = 9,
+		SupplicantFailed = 10,
+		SupplicantTimeout = 11,
+		PppStartFailed = 12,
+		PppDisconnect = 13,
+		PppFailed = 14,
+		DhcpStartFailed = 15,
+		DhcpError = 16,
+		DhcpFailed = 17,
+		SharedStartFailed = 18,
+		SharedFailed = 19,
+		AutoIpStartFailed = 20,
+		AutoIpError = 21,
+		AutoIpFailed = 22,
+		ModemBusy = 23,
+		ModemNoDialTone = 24,
+		ModemNoCarrier = 25,
+		ModemDialTimeout = 26,
+		ModemDialFailed = 27,
+		ModemInitFailed = 28,
+		GsmApnFailed = 29,
+		GsmRegistrationNotSearching = 30,
+		GsmRegistrationDenied = 31,
+		GsmRegistrationTimeout = 32,
+		GsmRegistrationFailed = 33,
+		GsmPinCheckFailed = 34,
+		FirmwareMissing = 35,
+		Removed = 36,
+		Sleeping = 37,
+		ConnectionRemoved = 38,
+		UserRequested = 39,
+		Carrier = 40,
+		ConnectionAssumed = 41,
+		SupplicantAvailable = 42,
+		ModemNotFound = 43,
+		BtFailed = 44,
+		GsmSimNotInserted = 45,
+		GsmSimPinRequired = 46,
+		GsmSimPukRequired = 47,
+		GsmSimWrong = 48,
+		InfinibandMode = 49,
+		DependencyFailed = 50,
+		Br2684Failed = 51,
+		ModemManagerUnavailable = 52,
+		SsidNotFound = 53,
+		SecondaryConnectionFailed = 54,
+		DcbFcoeFailed = 55,
+		TeamdControlFailed = 56,
+		ModemFailed = 57,
+		ModemAvailable = 58,
+		SimPinIncorrect = 59,
+		NewActivation = 60,
+		ParentChanged = 61,
+		ParentManagedChanged = 62,
+		OvsdbFailed = 63,
+		IpAddressDuplicate = 64,
+		IpMethodUnsupported = 65,
+		SriovConfigurationFailed = 66,
+		PeerNotFound = 67,
+		DeviceHandlerFailed = 68,
+		UnmanagedByDefault = 69,
+		UnmanagedExternalDown = 70,
+		UnmanagedLinkNotInit = 71,
+		UnmanagedQuitting = 72,
+		UnmanagedManagerDisabled = 73,
+		UnmanagedUserConf = 74,
+		UnmanagedUserExplicit = 75,
+		UnmanagedUserSettings = 76,
+		UnmanagedUserUdev = 77,
+		NetworkingOff = 78,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+};
+
+// Flags for a network interface.
+// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMDeviceInterfaceFlags.
+class NMDeviceInterfaceFlags: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint32 {
+		None = 0x0,
+		Up = 0x1,
+		LowerUp = 0x2,
+		Promisc = 0x4,
+		Carrier = 0x10000,
+		LldpClientEnabled = 0x20000,
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+};
+
 // 802.11 specific device encryption and authentication capabilities.
 // In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMDeviceWifiCapabilities.
 class NMWirelessCapabilities: public QObject {
@@ -153,4 +301,31 @@ public:
 	Q_ENUM(Enum);
 };
 
+/// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMActiveConnectionStateReason.
+class NMConnectionStateReason: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+
+public:
+	enum Enum : quint8 {
+		Unknown = 0,
+		None = 1,
+		UserDisconnected = 2,
+		DeviceDisconnected = 3,
+		ServiceStopped = 4,
+		IpConfigInvalid = 5,
+		ConnectTimeout = 6,
+		ServiceStartTimeout = 7,
+		ServiceStartFailed = 8,
+		NoSecrets = 9,
+		LoginFailed = 10,
+		ConnectionRemoved = 11,
+		DependencyFailed = 12,
+		DeviceRealizeFailed = 13,
+		DeviceRemoved = 14
+	};
+	Q_ENUM(Enum);
+};
+
 } // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/network.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <qdbusconnection.h>
+#include <qdbusextratypes.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingreply.h>
+#include <qlogging.h>
+#include <qloggingcategory.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qpointer.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
+#include "../network.hpp"
+#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "accesspoint.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
+#include "utils.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+namespace {
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWarningMsg);
+}
+
+NMNetwork::NMNetwork(QObject* parent)
+    : QObject(parent)
+    , bKnown(false)
+    , bReason(NMConnectionStateReason::None)
+    , bState(NMConnectionState::Deactivated) {}
+
+void NMNetwork::updateReferenceSettings() {
+	// If the network has no connections, the reference is nullptr.
+	if (this->mSettings.isEmpty()) {
+		this->bReferenceSettings = nullptr;
+		return;
+	};
+
+	// If the network has an active connection, use its settings as the reference.
+	if (this->mActiveConnection) {
+		auto* settings = this->mSettings.value(this->mActiveConnection->connection().path());
+		if (settings && settings != this->bReferenceSettings) {
+			this->bReferenceSettings = settings;
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Otherwise, choose the settings responsible for the last successful connection.
+	NMSettings* selectedSettings = nullptr;
+	quint64 selectedTimestamp = 0;
+	for (auto* settings: this->mSettings.values()) {
+		const quint64 timestamp = settings->map()["connection"]["timestamp"].toULongLong();
+		if (!selectedSettings || timestamp > selectedTimestamp) {
+			selectedSettings = settings;
+			selectedTimestamp = timestamp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (this->bReferenceSettings != selectedSettings) {
+		this->bReferenceSettings = selectedSettings;
+	}
+}
+
+void NMNetwork::addSettings(NMSettings* settings) {
+	if (this->mSettings.contains(settings->path())) return;
+	this->mSettings.insert(settings->path(), settings);
+
+	auto onDestroyed = [this, settings]() {
+		if (this->mSettings.take(settings->path())) {
+			emit this->settingsRemoved(settings);
+			this->updateReferenceSettings();
+			if (this->mSettings.isEmpty()) this->bKnown = false;
+		}
+	};
+	QObject::connect(settings, &NMSettings::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
+	this->bKnown = true;
+	this->updateReferenceSettings();
+	emit this->settingsAdded(settings);
+};
+
+void NMNetwork::addActiveConnection(NMActiveConnection* active) {
+	if (this->mActiveConnection) return;
+	this->mActiveConnection = active;
+
+	this->bState.setBinding([active]() { return active->state(); });
+	this->bReason.setBinding([active]() { return active->stateReason(); });
+	auto onDestroyed = [this, active]() {
+		if (this->mActiveConnection && this->mActiveConnection == active) {
+			this->mActiveConnection = nullptr;
+			this->updateReferenceSettings();
+			this->bState = NMConnectionState::Deactivated;
+			this->bReason = NMConnectionStateReason::None;
+		}
+	};
+	QObject::connect(active, &NMActiveConnection::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
+	this->updateReferenceSettings();
+};
+
+void NMNetwork::forget() {
+	if (this->mSettings.isEmpty()) return;
+	for (auto* conn: this->mSettings.values()) {
+		conn->forget();
+	}
+}
+
+void NMNetwork::bindFrontend(Network* frontend) {
+	auto translateState = [this]() { return this->state() == NMConnectionState::Activated; };
+	frontend->bindableConnected().setBinding(translateState);
+	frontend->bindableKnown().setBinding([this]() { return this->known(); });
+	frontend->bindableState().setBinding([this]() {
+		return static_cast<ConnectionState::Enum>(this->state());
+	});
+	frontend->bindableStateChanging().setBinding([this]() {
+		auto s = static_cast<ConnectionState::Enum>(this->state());
+		return s == ConnectionState::Connecting || s == ConnectionState::Disconnecting;
+	});
+
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMNetwork::reasonChanged, this, [this, frontend]() {
+		if (this->reason() == NMConnectionStateReason::DeviceDisconnected) {
+			auto deviceReason = this->deviceFailReason();
+			if (deviceReason == NMDeviceStateReason::NoSecrets)
+				emit frontend->connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::NoSecrets);
+			if (deviceReason == NMDeviceStateReason::SupplicantDisconnect)
+				emit frontend->connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::WifiClientDisconnected);
+			if (deviceReason == NMDeviceStateReason::SupplicantFailed)
+				emit frontend->connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::WifiClientFailed);
+			if (deviceReason == NMDeviceStateReason::SupplicantTimeout)
+				emit frontend->connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::WifiAuthTimeout);
+			if (deviceReason == NMDeviceStateReason::SsidNotFound)
+				emit frontend->connectionFailed(ConnectionFailReason::WifiNetworkLost);
+		}
+	});
+
+	QObject::connect(
+	    frontend,
+	    &Network::requestConnectWithSettings,
+	    this,
+	    [this](NMSettings* settings) {
+		    if (settings) {
+			    emit this->requestActivateConnection(settings->path());
+			    return;
+		    }
+		    qCInfo(
+		        logNetworkManager
+		    ) << "Failed to connectWithSettings: The provided settings no longer exist.";
+	    }
+	);
+
+	// clang-format off
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &Network::requestForget, this, &NMNetwork::forget);
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &Network::requestDisconnect, this, &NMNetwork::requestDisconnect);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMNetwork::settingsAdded, frontend, &Network::settingsAdded);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMNetwork::settingsRemoved, frontend, &Network::settingsRemoved);
+	// clang-format on
+}
+
+NMGenericNetwork::NMGenericNetwork(QString name, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent)
+    : NMNetwork(parent)
+    , mFrontend(new Network(std::move(name), device, this)) {
+	// Regiter and bind the frontend Network.
+	this->bindFrontend();
+}
+
+void NMGenericNetwork::bindFrontend() {
+	auto* frontend = this->mFrontend;
+	this->NMNetwork::bindFrontend(frontend);
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &Network::requestConnect, this, [this]() {
+		if (auto* settingsRef = this->referenceSettings()) {
+			emit this->requestActivateConnection(settingsRef->path());
+			return;
+		}
+		emit this->requestAddAndActivateConnection(NMSettingsMap(), "/");
+		return;
+	});
+}
+
+NMWirelessNetwork::NMWirelessNetwork(const QString& ssid, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent)
+    : NMNetwork(parent)
+    , mSsid(ssid)
+    , bSecurity(WifiSecurityType::Unknown) {
+
+	auto updateSecurity = [this]() {
+		if (NMSettings* settings = this->bReferenceSettings) {
+			this->bSecurity.setBinding([settings]() { return securityFromSettingsMap(settings->map()); });
+		} else if (NMAccessPoint* ap = this->bReferenceAp) {
+			this->bSecurity.setBinding([ap]() { return ap->security(); });
+		} else {
+			this->bSecurity = WifiSecurityType::Unknown;
+		}
+		return;
+	};
+
+	auto checkDisappeared = [this]() {
+		if (this->mAccessPoints.isEmpty() && this->mSettings.isEmpty()) emit this->disappeared();
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessNetwork::referenceSettingsChanged, this, updateSecurity);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessNetwork::referenceApChanged, this, updateSecurity);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessNetwork::settingsRemoved, this, checkDisappeared);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessNetwork::apRemoved, this, checkDisappeared);
+
+	// Register and bind the frontend WifiNetwork.
+	this->mFrontend = new WifiNetwork(ssid, device, this);
+	this->bindFrontend();
+}
+
+void NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceAp() {
+	// If the network has no APs, the reference is a nullptr.
+	if (this->mAccessPoints.isEmpty()) {
+		this->bReferenceAp = nullptr;
+		this->bSignalStrength = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Otherwise, choose the AP with the strongest signal.
+	NMAccessPoint* selectedAp = nullptr;
+	for (auto* ap: this->mAccessPoints.values()) {
+		// Always prefer the active AP.
+		if (ap->path() == this->bActiveApPath) {
+			selectedAp = ap;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (!selectedAp || ap->signalStrength() > selectedAp->signalStrength()) {
+			selectedAp = ap;
+		}
+	}
+	if (this->bReferenceAp != selectedAp) {
+		this->bReferenceAp = selectedAp;
+		this->bSignalStrength.setBinding([selectedAp]() { return selectedAp->signalStrength(); });
+	}
+}
+
+void NMWirelessNetwork::addAccessPoint(NMAccessPoint* ap) {
+	if (this->mAccessPoints.contains(ap->path())) return;
+	this->mAccessPoints.insert(ap->path(), ap);
+	auto onDestroyed = [this, ap]() {
+		if (this->mAccessPoints.take(ap->path())) {
+			emit this->apRemoved(ap);
+			this->updateReferenceAp();
+		}
+	};
+	// clang-format off
+	QObject::connect(ap, &NMAccessPoint::signalStrengthChanged, this, &NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceAp);
+	QObject::connect(ap, &NMAccessPoint::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
+	// clang-format on
+	this->updateReferenceAp();
+};
+
+void NMWirelessNetwork::bindFrontend() {
+	auto* frontend = this->mFrontend;
+	this->NMNetwork::bindFrontend(frontend);
+
+	auto translateSignal = [this]() { return this->signalStrength() / 100.0; };
+	frontend->bindableSignalStrength().setBinding(translateSignal);
+	frontend->bindableSecurity().setBinding([this]() { return this->security(); });
+
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &WifiNetwork::requestConnect, this, [this]() {
+		if (auto* settingsRef = this->referenceSettings()) {
+			emit this->requestActivateConnection(settingsRef->path());
+			return;
+		}
+		if (auto* apRef = this->referenceAp()) {
+			emit this->requestAddAndActivateConnection(NMSettingsMap(), apRef->path());
+			return;
+		}
+		emit this->requestAddAndActivateConnection(NMSettingsMap(), "/");
+		return;
+	});
+
+	QObject::connect(frontend, &WifiNetwork::requestConnectWithPsk, this, [this](const QString& psk) {
+		NMSettingsMap settings;
+		settings["802-11-wireless-security"]["psk"] = psk;
+		if (const QPointer<NMSettings> ref = this->referenceSettings()) {
+			auto* call = ref->updateSettings(settings);
+			QObject::connect(
+			    call,
+			    &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished,
+			    this,
+			    [this, ref](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+				    const QDBusPendingReply<> reply = *call;
+				    if (reply.isError()) {
+					    qCInfo(logNetworkManager) << "Failed to write PSK: " << reply.error().message();
+				    } else {
+					    if (!ref) {
+						    qCInfo(logNetworkManager) << "Failed to connectWithPsk: The settings disappeared.";
+					    } else {
+						    emit this->requestActivateConnection(ref->path());
+					    }
+				    }
+				    delete call;
+			    }
+			);
+			return;
+		}
+		if (auto* apRef = this->referenceAp()) {
+			emit this->requestAddAndActivateConnection(settings, apRef->path());
+			return;
+		}
+		qCInfo(logNetworkManager) << "Failed to connectWithPsk: The network disappeared.";
+	});
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/network.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+
+#include "../enums.hpp"
+#include "../network.hpp"
+#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "accesspoint.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+// NMNetwork aggregates NMActiveConnections and NMSettings of the same network.
+class NMNetwork: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	explicit NMNetwork(QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	void addSettings(NMSettings* settings);
+	void addActiveConnection(NMActiveConnection* active);
+	void forget();
+	void connect(const QString& devPath);
+	void connectWithSettings(const QString& devPath, NMSettings* settings);
+
+	// clang-format off
+	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool known() const { return this->bKnown; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason() const { return this->bReason; }
+	QBindable<NMDeviceStateReason::Enum> bindableDeviceFailReason() { return &this->bDeviceFailReason; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMDeviceStateReason::Enum deviceFailReason() const { return this->bDeviceFailReason; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QList<NMSettings*> settings() const { return this->mSettings.values(); }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMSettings* referenceSettings() const { return this->bReferenceSettings; }
+	[[nodiscard]] virtual Network* frontend() = 0;
+	QBindable<bool> bindableVisible() { return &this->bVisible; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool visible() const { return this->bVisible; }
+	// clang-format on
+
+signals:
+	void requestDisconnect();
+	void requestActivateConnection(const QString& settingsPath);
+	void
+	requestAddAndActivateConnection(const NMSettingsMap& settingsMap, const QString& specificObject);
+
+	void settingsAdded(NMSettings* settings);
+	void settingsRemoved(NMSettings* settings);
+	void stateChanged(NMConnectionState::Enum state);
+	void knownChanged(bool known);
+	void reasonChanged(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason);
+	void deviceFailReasonChanged(NMDeviceStateReason::Enum reason);
+	void referenceSettingsChanged(NMSettings* settings);
+	void visibilityChanged(bool visible);
+
+protected:
+	void bindFrontend(Network* frontend);
+	QHash<QString, NMSettings*> mSettings;
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(
+	    NMNetwork,
+	    NMSettings*,
+	    bReferenceSettings,
+	    &NMNetwork::referenceSettingsChanged
+	);
+
+private:
+	void updateReferenceSettings();
+
+	NMActiveConnection* mActiveConnection = nullptr;
+
+	// clang-format off
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMNetwork, bool, bVisible, &NMNetwork::visibilityChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMNetwork, bool, bKnown, &NMNetwork::knownChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMNetwork, NMConnectionStateReason::Enum, bReason, &NMNetwork::reasonChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMNetwork, NMConnectionState::Enum, bState, &NMNetwork::stateChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMNetwork, NMDeviceStateReason::Enum, bDeviceFailReason, &NMNetwork::deviceFailReasonChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+};
+
+// NMGenericNetwork extends NMNetwork to bind and handle the lifetime of a frontend Network.
+// This is useful for devices with one network that don't need to extend the base Network class.
+class NMGenericNetwork: public NMNetwork {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	explicit NMGenericNetwork(QString name, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+	[[nodiscard]] Network* frontend() override { return this->mFrontend; }
+
+private:
+	void bindFrontend();
+	Network* mFrontend;
+};
+
+// NMWirelessNetwork extends NMNetwork to also aggregate NMAccessPoints of the same network and scanning functionality.
+class NMWirelessNetwork: public NMNetwork {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	explicit NMWirelessNetwork(const QString& ssid, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	void addAccessPoint(NMAccessPoint* ap);
+
+	// clang-format off
+	[[nodiscard]] QString ssid() const { return this->mSsid; }
+	[[nodiscard]] quint8 signalStrength() const { return this->bSignalStrength; }
+	[[nodiscard]] WifiSecurityType::Enum security() const { return this->bSecurity; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NMAccessPoint* referenceAp() const { return this->bReferenceAp; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QList<NMAccessPoint*> accessPoints() const { return this->mAccessPoints.values(); }
+	QBindable<QString> bindableActiveApPath() { return &this->bActiveApPath; }
+	[[nodiscard]] WifiNetwork* frontend() override { return this->mFrontend; };
+	// clang-format on
+
+signals:
+	void disappeared();
+	void signalStrengthChanged(quint8 signal);
+	void securityChanged(WifiSecurityType::Enum security);
+	void activeApPathChanged(QString path);
+	void referenceApChanged(NMAccessPoint* ap);
+	void capabilitiesChanged(NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum caps);
+	void apRemoved(NMAccessPoint* ap);
+
+private:
+	void updateReferenceAp();
+	void bindFrontend();
+
+	WifiNetwork* mFrontend;
+	QString mSsid;
+	QHash<QString, NMAccessPoint*> mAccessPoints;
+
+	// clang-format off
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, WifiSecurityType::Enum, bSecurity, &NMWirelessNetwork::securityChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, quint8, bSignalStrength, &NMWirelessNetwork::signalStrengthChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, QString, bActiveApPath, &NMWirelessNetwork::activeApPathChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, NMAccessPoint*, bReferenceAp, &NMWirelessNetwork::referenceApChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wired.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<node>
+  <interface name="org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wired">
+  </interface>
+</node>

src/network/nm/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 <node>
   <interface name="org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device">
     <method name="Disconnect"/>
+		<signal name="StateChanged">
+			<arg name="new_state" type="u"/>
+			<arg name="old_state" type="u"/>
+			<arg name="reason" type="u"/>
+		</signal>
   </interface>
 </node>

src/network/nm/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Settings.Connection.xml

@@ -2,8 +2,18 @@
   <interface name="org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Settings.Connection">
     <method name="GetSettings">
 			<arg name="settings" type="a{sa{sv}}" direction="out"/>
-    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.Out0" value="ConnectionSettingsMap"/>
+    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.Out0" value="qs::network::NMSettingsMap"/>
     </method>
+    <method name="GetSecrets">
+			<arg name="setting_name" type="s" direction="in"/>
+			<arg name="secrets" type="a{sa{sv}}" direction="out"/>
+    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.Out0" value="qs::network::NMSettingsMap"/>
+    </method>
+    <method name="Update">
+			<arg name="properties" type="a{sa{sv}}" direction="in"/>
+    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.In0" value="qs::network::NMSettingsMap"/>
+    </method>
+		<method name="ClearSecrets"/>
 		<method name="Delete"/>
     <signal name="Updated"/>
 		<signal name="Removed"/>

src/network/nm/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 <node>
 	<interface name="org.freedesktop.NetworkManager">
+		<method name="CheckConnectivity">
+			<arg direction="out" type="u" name="connectivity"/>
+		</method>
 		<method name="GetAllDevices">
 			<arg direction="out" type="ao" name="devices"/>
 		</method>
@@ -11,7 +14,7 @@
 		</method>
 		<method name="AddAndActivateConnection">
 		<arg direction="in" type="a{sa{sv}}" name="connection"/>
-    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.In0" value="ConnectionSettingsMap"/>
+    	<annotation name="org.qtproject.QtDBus.QtTypeName.In0" value="qs::network::NMSettingsMap"/>
 			<arg direction="in" type="o" name="device"/>
 			<arg direction="in" type="o" name="specific_object"/>
 			<arg direction="out" type="o" name="path"/>

src/network/nm/settings.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+#include <qcontainerfwd.h>
+#include <qdbusconnection.h>
+#include <qdbusmetatype.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingreply.h>
+#include <qdebug.h>
+#include <qlogging.h>
+#include <qloggingcategory.h>
+#include <qmetatype.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
+#include "dbus_nm_connection_settings.h"
+#include "dbus_types.hpp"
+#include "utils.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+using namespace qs::dbus;
+
+namespace {
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network", QtWarningMsg);
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNMSettings, "quickshell.network.nm_settings", QtWarningMsg);
+} // namespace
+
+NMSettings::NMSettings(const QString& path, QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<QVariantMap>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<quint32>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<QList<quint32>>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<QByteArray>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<NMIPv6Address>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<NMIPv6Address>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<NMIPv6Route>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QList<NMIPv6Route>>();
+	qDBusRegisterMetaType<QMap<QString, QString>>();
+
+	this->proxy = new DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy(
+	    "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager",
+	    path,
+	    QDBusConnection::systemBus(),
+	    this
+	);
+
+	if (!this->proxy->isValid()) {
+		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Cannot create DBus interface for connection settings at"
+		                             << path;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	QObject::connect(
+	    this->proxy,
+	    &DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy::Updated,
+	    this,
+	    &NMSettings::getSettings
+	);
+
+	this->bId.setBinding([this]() { return this->bSettings.value()["connection"]["id"].toString(); });
+	this->bUuid.setBinding([this]() {
+		return this->bSettings.value()["connection"]["uuid"].toString();
+	});
+
+	this->settingsProperties.setInterface(this->proxy);
+	this->settingsProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
+
+	this->getSettings();
+}
+
+void NMSettings::getSettings() {
+	auto pending = this->proxy->GetSettings();
+	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
+
+	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+		const QDBusPendingReply<NMSettingsMap> reply = *call;
+
+		if (reply.isError()) {
+			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
+			    << "Failed to get settings for" << this->path() << ":" << reply.error().message();
+		} else {
+			auto settings = reply.value();
+			manualSettingDemarshall(settings);
+			this->bSettings = settings;
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Settings map updated for" << this->path();
+
+			if (!this->mLoaded) {
+				emit this->loaded();
+				this->mLoaded = true;
+			}
+		};
+
+		delete call;
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
+}
+
+QDBusPendingCallWatcher* NMSettings::updateSettings(
+    const NMSettingsMap& settingsToChange,
+    const NMSettingsMap& settingsToRemove
+) {
+	auto settings = removeSettingsInMap(this->bSettings, settingsToRemove);
+	settings = mergeSettingsMaps(settings, settingsToChange);
+	auto pending = this->proxy->Update(settings);
+	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
+
+	return call;
+}
+
+void NMSettings::clearSecrets() {
+	auto pending = this->proxy->ClearSecrets();
+	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
+
+	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+		const QDBusPendingReply<> reply = *call;
+
+		if (reply.isError()) {
+			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
+			    << "Failed to clear secrets for" << this->path() << ":" << reply.error().message();
+		} else {
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Cleared secrets for" << this->path();
+		}
+		delete call;
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
+}
+
+void NMSettings::forget() {
+	auto pending = this->proxy->Delete();
+	auto* call = new QDBusPendingCallWatcher(pending, this);
+
+	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+		const QDBusPendingReply<> reply = *call;
+
+		if (reply.isError()) {
+			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
+			    << "Failed to forget" << this->path() << ":" << reply.error().message();
+		} else {
+			qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Successfully deletion of" << this->path();
+		}
+		delete call;
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
+}
+
+QVariantMap NMSettings::read() {
+	QVariantMap result;
+	const auto& settings = this->bSettings.value();
+	for (auto it = settings.constBegin(); it != settings.constEnd(); ++it) {
+		QVariantMap group;
+		for (auto jt = it.value().constBegin(); jt != it.value().constEnd(); ++jt) {
+			group.insert(jt.key(), settingTypeToQml(jt.value()));
+		}
+		result.insert(it.key(), group);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+void NMSettings::write(const QVariantMap& settings) {
+	NMSettingsMap changedSettings;
+	NMSettingsMap removedSettings;
+	QStringList failedSettings;
+
+	for (auto it = settings.constBegin(); it != settings.constEnd(); ++it) {
+		if (!it.value().canConvert<QVariantMap>()) continue;
+
+		auto group = it.value().toMap();
+		QVariantMap toChange;
+		QVariantMap toRemove;
+		for (auto jt = group.constBegin(); jt != group.constEnd(); ++jt) {
+			if (jt.value().isNull()) {
+				toRemove.insert(jt.key(), QVariant());
+			} else {
+				auto converted = settingTypeFromQml(it.key(), jt.key(), jt.value());
+				if (!converted.isValid()) failedSettings.append(it.key() + "." + jt.key());
+				else toChange.insert(jt.key(), converted);
+			}
+		}
+		if (!toChange.isEmpty()) changedSettings.insert(it.key(), toChange);
+		if (!toRemove.isEmpty()) removedSettings.insert(it.key(), toRemove);
+	}
+
+	if (!failedSettings.isEmpty()) {
+		qCWarning(logNMSettings) << "A write to" << this
+		                         << "has received bad types for the following settings:"
+		                         << failedSettings.join(", ");
+	}
+
+	auto* call = this->updateSettings(changedSettings, removedSettings);
+
+	auto responseCallback = [this](QDBusPendingCallWatcher* call) {
+		const QDBusPendingReply<> reply = *call;
+
+		if (reply.isError()) {
+			qCWarning(logNetworkManager)
+			    << "Failed to update settings for" << this->path() << ":" << reply.error().message();
+		} else {
+			qCDebug(logNMSettings) << "Successful write to" << this;
+		}
+		delete call;
+	};
+
+	QObject::connect(call, &QDBusPendingCallWatcher::finished, this, responseCallback);
+}
+
+bool NMSettings::isValid() const { return this->proxy && this->proxy->isValid(); }
+QString NMSettings::address() const { return this->proxy ? this->proxy->service() : QString(); }
+QString NMSettings::path() const { return this->proxy ? this->proxy->path() : QString(); }
+
+} // namespace qs::network
+
+QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const qs::network::NMSettings* settings) {
+	auto saver = QDebugStateSaver(debug);
+
+	if (settings) {
+		debug.nospace() << "NMSettings(" << static_cast<const void*>(settings)
+		                << ", uuid=" << settings->uuid() << ")";
+	} else {
+		debug << "WifiNetwork(nullptr)";
+	}
+
+	return debug;
+}

src/network/nm/settings.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qbytearray.h>
+#include <qdbusextratypes.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingcall.h>
+#include <qdbuspendingreply.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qproperty.h>
+#include <qqmlintegration.h>
+#include <qstringlist.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
+#include "dbus_nm_connection_settings.h"
+#include "dbus_types.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+// Proxy of a /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/Connection/* object.
+///! A NetworkManager connection settings profile.
+class NMSettings: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_UNCREATABLE("");
+
+	/// The human-readable unique identifier for the connection.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString id READ default NOTIFY idChanged BINDABLE bindableId);
+	/// A universally unique identifier for the connection.
+	Q_PROPERTY(QString uuid READ uuid NOTIFY uuidChanged BINDABLE bindableUuid);
+
+public:
+	explicit NMSettings(const QString& path, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	/// Clear all of the secrets belonging to the settings.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void clearSecrets();
+	/// Delete the settings.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void forget();
+	/// Update the connection with new settings and save the connection to disk.
+	/// Only changed fields need to be included.
+	/// Writing a setting to `null` will remove the setting or reset it to its default.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] Secrets may be part of the update request,
+	/// > and will be either stored in persistent storage or sent to a Secret Agent for storage,
+	/// > depending on the flags associated with each secret.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void write(const QVariantMap& settings);
+	/// Get the settings map describing this network configuration.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] This will never include any secrets required for connection to the network, as those are often protected.
+	Q_INVOKABLE QVariantMap read();
+
+	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QString path() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] QString address() const;
+	[[nodiscard]] NMSettingsMap map() { return this->bSettings; }
+	QDBusPendingCallWatcher*
+	updateSettings(const NMSettingsMap& settingsToChange, const NMSettingsMap& settingsToRemove = {});
+	QBindable<QString> bindableId() { return &this->bId; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QString uuid() const { return this->bUuid; }
+	QBindable<QString> bindableUuid() { return &this->bUuid; }
+
+signals:
+	void loaded();
+	void settingsChanged(NMSettingsMap settings);
+	void idChanged(QString id);
+	void uuidChanged(QString uuid);
+
+private:
+	bool mLoaded = false;
+
+	void getSettings();
+
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMSettings, NMSettingsMap, bSettings, &NMSettings::settingsChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMSettings, QString, bId, &NMSettings::idChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMSettings, QString, bUuid, &NMSettings::uuidChanged);
+	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NMSettings, settingsProperties);
+	DBusNMConnectionSettingsProxy* proxy = nullptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network
+
+QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const qs::network::NMSettings* settings);

src/network/nm/utils.cpp

@@ -1,27 +1,28 @@
 #include "utils.hpp"
-
+#include <cmath>
 // We depend on non-std Linux extensions that ctime doesn't put in the global namespace
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-deprecated-headers)
 #include <time.h>
 
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdatetime.h>
+#include <qdbusargument.h>
 #include <qdbusservicewatcher.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
 #include <qqmlintegration.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
 #include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
-WifiSecurityType::Enum securityFromConnectionSettings(const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings) {
-	const QVariantMap& security = settings.value("802-11-wireless-security");
-	if (security.isEmpty()) {
-		return WifiSecurityType::Open;
-	};
+WifiSecurityType::Enum securityFromSettingsMap(const NMSettingsMap& settings) {
+	const QString mapName = "802-11-wireless-security";
+	if (!settings.contains(mapName)) return WifiSecurityType::Unknown;
+	const QVariantMap& security = settings.value(mapName);
+	if (security.isEmpty()) return WifiSecurityType::Open;
 
 	const QString keyMgmt = security["key-mgmt"].toString();
 	const QString authAlg = security["auth-alg"].toString();
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ WifiSecurityType::Enum securityFromConnectionSettings(const ConnectionSettingsMa
 		return WifiSecurityType::Sae;
 	} else if (keyMgmt == "wpa-eap-suite-b-192") {
 		return WifiSecurityType::Wpa3SuiteB192;
+	} else if (keyMgmt == "owe") {
+		return WifiSecurityType::Owe;
 	}
 	return WifiSecurityType::Open;
 }
@@ -224,6 +227,304 @@ WifiSecurityType::Enum findBestWirelessSecurity(
 	return WifiSecurityType::Unknown;
 }
 
+NMSettingsMap mergeSettingsMaps(const NMSettingsMap& target, const NMSettingsMap& source) {
+	NMSettingsMap result = target;
+	for (auto iter = source.constBegin(); iter != source.constEnd(); ++iter) {
+		result[iter.key()].insert(iter.value());
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+NMSettingsMap removeSettingsInMap(const NMSettingsMap& target, const NMSettingsMap& toRemove) {
+	NMSettingsMap result = target;
+	for (auto iter = toRemove.constBegin(); iter != toRemove.constEnd(); ++iter) {
+		const QString& group = iter.key();
+		const QVariantMap& keysToRemove = iter.value();
+
+		if (!result.contains(group)) continue;
+
+		for (auto jt = keysToRemove.constBegin(); jt != keysToRemove.constEnd(); ++jt) {
+			result[group].remove(jt.key());
+		}
+
+		// Remove the group entirely if it's now empty
+		if (result[group].isEmpty()) {
+			result.remove(group);
+		}
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+// Some NMSettingsMap settings remain QDBusArguments after autodemarshalling.
+// Manually demarshall these for any complex signature we have registered.
+void manualSettingDemarshall(NMSettingsMap& map) {
+	auto demarshallValue = [](const QVariant& value) -> QVariant {
+		if (value.userType() != qMetaTypeId<QDBusArgument>()) {
+			return value;
+		}
+
+		auto arg = value.value<QDBusArgument>();
+		auto signature = arg.currentSignature();
+
+		if (signature == "ay") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QByteArray>(arg));
+		if (signature == "aay") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<QByteArray>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "au") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<quint32>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "aau") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<QList<quint32>>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "aa{sv}") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<QVariantMap>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "a(ayuay)") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<NMIPv6Address>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "a(ayuayu)") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QList<NMIPv6Route>>(arg));
+		if (signature == "a{ss}") return QVariant::fromValue(qdbus_cast<QMap<QString, QString>>(arg));
+
+		return value;
+	};
+
+	for (auto it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it)
+		for (auto jt = it.value().begin(); jt != it.value().end(); ++jt)
+			jt.value() = demarshallValue(jt.value());
+}
+
+// Some NMSettingsMap setting types can't be expressed in QML.
+// Convert these settings to their correct type or return an invalid QVariant.
+QVariant settingTypeFromQml(const QString& group, const QString& key, const QVariant& value) {
+	auto s = group + "." + key;
+
+	// QString -> QByteArray
+	if (s == "802-1x.ca-cert" || s == "802-1x.client-cert" || s == "802-1x.private-key"
+	    || s == "802-1x.password-raw" || s == "802-1x.phase2-ca-cert"
+	    || s == "802-1x.phase2-client-cert" || s == "802-1x.phase2-private-key"
+	    || s == "802-11-wireless.ssid" || s == "802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address"
+	    || s == "802-3-ethernet.mac-address")
+	{
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QString) {
+			return value.toString().toUtf8();
+		}
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QByteArray) {
+			return value;
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<QByteArray>
+	if (s == "ipv6.dns") {
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<QByteArray> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				if (v.typeId() == QMetaType::QString) {
+					r.append(v.toString().toUtf8());
+				} else {
+					r.append(v.toByteArray());
+				}
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<quint32>
+	if (s == "ipv4.dns") {
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<quint32> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				r.append(v.value<quint32>());
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<QList<quint32>>
+	if (s == "ipv4.addresses" || s == "ipv4.routes") {
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<QList<quint32>> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				if (v.typeId() != QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				QList<quint32> inner;
+				for (const auto& u: v.toList()) {
+					inner.append(u.value<quint32>());
+				}
+				r.append(inner);
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<QVariantMap>
+	if (s == "ipv4.address-data" || s == "ipv4.route-data" || s == "ipv4.routing-rules"
+	    || s == "ipv6.address-data" || s == "ipv6.route-data" || s == "ipv6.routing-rules")
+	{
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<QVariantMap> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				if (!v.canConvert<QVariantMap>()) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				r.append(v.toMap());
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<NMIPv6Address>
+	if (s == "ipv6.addresses") {
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<NMIPv6Address> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				if (v.typeId() != QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				auto fields = v.toList();
+				if (fields.size() != 3) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				const QByteArray address = fields[0].typeId() == QMetaType::QString
+				                             ? fields[0].toString().toUtf8()
+				                             : fields[0].toByteArray();
+				const QByteArray gateway = fields[2].typeId() == QMetaType::QString
+				                             ? fields[2].toString().toUtf8()
+				                             : fields[2].toByteArray();
+				r.append({.address = address, .prefix = fields[1].value<quint32>(), .gateway = gateway});
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QList<NMIPv6Route>
+	if (s == "ipv6.routes") {
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QList<NMIPv6Route> r;
+			for (const auto& v: value.toList()) {
+				if (v.typeId() != QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				auto fields = v.toList();
+				if (fields.size() != 4) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				const QByteArray destination = fields[0].typeId() == QMetaType::QString
+				                                 ? fields[0].toString().toUtf8()
+				                                 : fields[0].toByteArray();
+				const QByteArray nexthop = fields[2].typeId() == QMetaType::QString
+				                             ? fields[2].toString().toUtf8()
+				                             : fields[2].toByteArray();
+				r.append(
+				    {.destination = destination,
+				     .prefix = fields[1].value<quint32>(),
+				     .nexthop = nexthop,
+				     .metric = fields[3].value<quint32>()}
+				);
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantList -> QStringList
+	if (s == "connection.permissions" || s == "ipv4.dns-search" || s == "ipv6.dns-search"
+	    || s == "802-11-wireless.seen-bssids" || s == "802-3-ethernet.mac-address-blacklist"
+	    || s == "802-3-ethernet.mac-address-denylist" || s == "802-3-ethernet.s390-subchannels")
+	{
+		if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QVariantList) {
+			QStringList stringList;
+			for (const auto& item: value.toList()) {
+				stringList.append(item.toString());
+			}
+			return stringList;
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// QVariantMap -> QMap<QString, QString>
+	if (s == "802-3-ethernet.s390-options") {
+		if (value.canConvert<QVariantMap>()) {
+			QMap<QString, QString> r;
+			for (const auto& [key, val]: value.toMap().asKeyValueRange()) {
+				r.insert(key, val.toString());
+			}
+			return QVariant::fromValue(r);
+		}
+		return QVariant();
+	}
+
+	// double (whole number) -> qint32
+	if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::Double) {
+		auto num = value.toDouble();
+		if (std::isfinite(num) && num == std::trunc(num)) {
+			return QVariant::fromValue(static_cast<qint32>(num));
+		}
+	}
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+// Some NMSettingsMap setting types must be converted to a type that is supported by QML.
+// Although QByteArrays can be represented in QML, we convert them to strings for convenience.
+QVariant settingTypeToQml(const QVariant& value) {
+	// QByteArray -> QString
+	if (value.typeId() == QMetaType::QByteArray) {
+		return QString::fromUtf8(value.toByteArray());
+	}
+
+	// QList<QByteArray> -> QVariantList
+	if (value.userType() == qMetaTypeId<QList<QByteArray>>()) {
+		QVariantList out;
+		for (const auto& ba: value.value<QList<QByteArray>>()) {
+			out.append(QString::fromUtf8(ba));
+		}
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	// QList<NMIPv6Address> -> QVariantList
+	if (value.userType() == qMetaTypeId<QList<NMIPv6Address>>()) {
+		QVariantList out;
+		for (const auto& addr: value.value<QList<NMIPv6Address>>()) {
+			out.append(
+			    QVariant::fromValue(
+			        QVariantList {
+			            QString::fromUtf8(addr.address),
+			            addr.prefix,
+			            QString::fromUtf8(addr.gateway),
+			        }
+			    )
+			);
+		}
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	// QList<NMIPv6Route> -> QVariantList
+	if (value.userType() == qMetaTypeId<QList<NMIPv6Route>>()) {
+		QVariantList out;
+		for (const auto& route: value.value<QList<NMIPv6Route>>()) {
+			out.append(
+			    QVariant::fromValue(
+			        QVariantList {
+			            QString::fromUtf8(route.destination),
+			            route.prefix,
+			            QString::fromUtf8(route.nexthop),
+			            route.metric,
+			        }
+			    )
+			);
+		}
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	// QMap<QString, QString> -> QVariantMap
+	if (value.userType() == qMetaTypeId<QMap<QString, QString>>()) {
+		QVariantMap out;
+		for (const auto& [key, val]: value.value<QMap<QString, QString>>().asKeyValueRange()) {
+			out.insert(key, val);
+		}
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	return value;
+}
+
 // NOLINTBEGIN
 QDateTime clockBootTimeToDateTime(qint64 clockBootTime) {
 	clockid_t clkId = CLOCK_BOOTTIME;

src/network/nm/utils.hpp

@@ -3,15 +3,14 @@
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdbusservicewatcher.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
-#include <qqmlintegration.h>
 
-#include "../wifi.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
 #include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
-WifiSecurityType::Enum securityFromConnectionSettings(const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings);
+WifiSecurityType::Enum securityFromSettingsMap(const NMSettingsMap& settings);
 
 bool deviceSupportsApCiphers(
     NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum caps,
@@ -40,6 +39,16 @@ WifiSecurityType::Enum findBestWirelessSecurity(
     NM80211ApSecurityFlags::Enum apRsn
 );
 
+NMSettingsMap mergeSettingsMaps(const NMSettingsMap& target, const NMSettingsMap& source);
+
+NMSettingsMap removeSettingsInMap(const NMSettingsMap& target, const NMSettingsMap& toRemove);
+
+void manualSettingDemarshall(NMSettingsMap& map);
+
+QVariant settingTypeFromQml(const QString& group, const QString& key, const QVariant& value);
+
+QVariant settingTypeToQml(const QVariant& value);
+
 QDateTime clockBootTimeToDateTime(qint64 clockBootTime);
 
 } // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/wired.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#include "wired.hpp"
+
+#include <qdbusconnection.h>
+#include <qlogging.h>
+#include <qloggingcategory.h>
+#include <qnamespace.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+
+#include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
+#include "../wired.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
+#include "dbus_nm_wired.h"
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+using namespace qs::dbus;
+
+namespace {
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWarningMsg);
+}
+
+NMWiredDevice::NMWiredDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent): NMDevice(path, parent) {
+	this->wiredProxy = new DBusNMWiredProxy(
+	    "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager",
+	    path,
+	    QDBusConnection::systemBus(),
+	    this
+	);
+
+	if (!this->wiredProxy->isValid()) {
+		qCWarning(logNetworkManager) << "Cannot create DBus interface for wired device at" << path;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Wait to create the NMGenericNetwork/Network
+	// until the dbus properties load because the network requires the interface name.
+	QObject::connect(
+	    &this->wiredProperties,
+	    &DBusPropertyGroup::getAllFinished,
+	    this,
+	    &NMWiredDevice::initWired,
+	    Qt::SingleShotConnection
+	);
+
+	this->wiredProperties.setInterface(this->wiredProxy);
+	this->wiredProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
+
+	// Register and bind the frontend WiredDevice.
+	this->mFrontend = new WiredDevice(this);
+	this->bindFrontend();
+};
+
+void NMWiredDevice::initWired() {
+	// Register the NMGenericNetwork and bind the frontend Network.
+	// For wired networking, there is only one Network and it should exist for the lifetime of the device.
+	auto* net = new NMGenericNetwork(QString(), this->frontend(), this);
+	net->frontend()->bindableName().setBinding([this]() { return this->interface(); });
+
+	auto visible = [this]() {
+		return (this->interfaceFlags() & NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Carrier) != 0;
+	};
+	net->bindableVisible().setBinding(visible);
+	this->NMDevice::bindNetwork(net);
+	this->mNetwork = net;
+
+	// clang-format off
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWiredDevice::settingsLoaded, this, &NMWiredDevice::onSettingsLoaded);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWiredDevice::activeConnectionLoaded, this, &NMWiredDevice::onActiveConnectionLoaded);
+	// clang-format on
+
+	emit this->loaded();
+}
+
+void NMWiredDevice::bindFrontend() {
+	auto* frontend = this->mFrontend;
+	this->NMDevice::bindFrontend(frontend);
+	frontend->bindableLinkSpeed().setBinding([this]() { return this->bSpeed.value(); });
+	frontend->bindableHasLink().setBinding([this]() {
+		return (this->interfaceFlags() & NMDeviceInterfaceFlags::Carrier) != 0;
+	});
+}
+
+void NMWiredDevice::onSettingsLoaded(NMSettings* settings) {
+	this->mNetwork->addSettings(settings);
+}
+
+void NMWiredDevice::onActiveConnectionLoaded(NMActiveConnection* active) {
+	this->mNetwork->addActiveConnection(active);
+}
+
+bool NMWiredDevice::isValid() const {
+	return this->NMDevice::isValid() && (this->wiredProxy && this->wiredProxy->isValid());
+}
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/wired.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qdbusextratypes.h>
+#include <qhash.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qproperty.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../wired.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
+#include "dbus_nm_wired.h"
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+// Proxy of a /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Device/* object.
+// Extends NMDevice to also include members from the org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wired interface
+// Owns the lifetime of a NMGenericNetwork, and a frontend WiredDevice.
+class NMWiredDevice: public NMDevice {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	explicit NMWiredDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const override;
+	[[nodiscard]] WiredDevice* frontend() override { return this->mFrontend; };
+
+signals:
+	void speedChanged(quint32 speed);
+
+private slots:
+	void onSettingsLoaded(NMSettings* settings);
+	void onActiveConnectionLoaded(NMActiveConnection* active);
+
+private:
+	void initWired();
+	void bindFrontend();
+
+	WiredDevice* mFrontend = nullptr;
+	NMGenericNetwork* mNetwork = nullptr;
+
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWiredDevice, quint32, bSpeed, &NMWiredDevice::speedChanged);
+
+	QS_DBUS_BINDABLE_PROPERTY_GROUP(NMWireless, wiredProperties);
+	QS_DBUS_PROPERTY_BINDING(NMWiredDevice, pSpeed, bSpeed, wiredProperties, "Speed");
+
+	DBusNMWiredProxy* wiredProxy = nullptr;
+};
+
+}; // namespace qs::network

src/network/nm/wireless.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "wireless.hpp"
-#include <utility>
 
+#include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdatetime.h>
 #include <qdbusconnection.h>
 #include <qdbusextratypes.h>
@@ -14,17 +14,20 @@
 #include <qstring.h>
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
+#include <qvariant.h>
 
 #include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
 #include "../../dbus/properties.hpp"
-#include "../network.hpp"
+#include "../enums.hpp"
 #include "../wifi.hpp"
 #include "accesspoint.hpp"
-#include "connection.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_wireless.h"
 #include "dbus_types.hpp"
 #include "device.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
 #include "utils.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
@@ -34,137 +37,6 @@ namespace {
 QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetworkManager, "quickshell.network.networkmanager", QtWarningMsg);
 }
 
-NMWirelessNetwork::NMWirelessNetwork(QString ssid, QObject* parent)
-    : QObject(parent)
-    , mSsid(std::move(ssid))
-    , bKnown(false)
-    , bSecurity(WifiSecurityType::Unknown)
-    , bReason(NMConnectionStateReason::None)
-    , bState(NMConnectionState::Deactivated) {}
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceConnection() {
-	// If the network has no connections, the reference is nullptr.
-	if (this->mConnections.isEmpty()) {
-		this->mReferenceConn = nullptr;
-		this->bSecurity = WifiSecurityType::Unknown;
-		// Set security back to reference AP.
-		if (this->mReferenceAp) {
-			this->bSecurity.setBinding([this]() { return this->mReferenceAp->security(); });
-		}
-		return;
-	};
-
-	// If the network has an active connection, use it as the reference.
-	if (this->mActiveConnection) {
-		auto* conn = this->mConnections.value(this->mActiveConnection->connection().path());
-		if (conn && conn != this->mReferenceConn) {
-			this->mReferenceConn = conn;
-			this->bSecurity.setBinding([conn]() { return conn->security(); });
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// Otherwise, choose the connection with the strongest security settings.
-	NMConnectionSettings* selectedConn = nullptr;
-	for (auto* conn: this->mConnections.values()) {
-		if (!selectedConn || conn->security() > selectedConn->security()) {
-			selectedConn = conn;
-		}
-	}
-	if (this->mReferenceConn != selectedConn) {
-		this->mReferenceConn = selectedConn;
-		this->bSecurity.setBinding([selectedConn]() { return selectedConn->security(); });
-	}
-}
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceAp() {
-	// If the network has no APs, the reference is a nullptr.
-	if (this->mAccessPoints.isEmpty()) {
-		this->mReferenceAp = nullptr;
-		this->bSignalStrength = 0;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// Otherwise, choose the AP with the strongest signal.
-	NMAccessPoint* selectedAp = nullptr;
-	for (auto* ap: this->mAccessPoints.values()) {
-		// Always prefer the active AP.
-		if (ap->path() == this->bActiveApPath) {
-			selectedAp = ap;
-			break;
-		}
-		if (!selectedAp || ap->signalStrength() > selectedAp->signalStrength()) {
-			selectedAp = ap;
-		}
-	}
-	if (this->mReferenceAp != selectedAp) {
-		this->mReferenceAp = selectedAp;
-		this->bSignalStrength.setBinding([selectedAp]() { return selectedAp->signalStrength(); });
-		// Reference AP is used for security when there's no connection settings.
-		if (!this->mReferenceConn) {
-			this->bSecurity.setBinding([selectedAp]() { return selectedAp->security(); });
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::addAccessPoint(NMAccessPoint* ap) {
-	if (this->mAccessPoints.contains(ap->path())) return;
-	this->mAccessPoints.insert(ap->path(), ap);
-	auto onDestroyed = [this, ap]() {
-		if (this->mAccessPoints.take(ap->path())) {
-			this->updateReferenceAp();
-			if (this->mAccessPoints.isEmpty() && this->mConnections.isEmpty()) emit this->disappeared();
-		}
-	};
-	// clang-format off
-	QObject::connect(ap, &NMAccessPoint::signalStrengthChanged, this, &NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceAp);
-	QObject::connect(ap, &NMAccessPoint::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
-	// clang-format on
-	this->updateReferenceAp();
-};
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::addConnection(NMConnectionSettings* conn) {
-	if (this->mConnections.contains(conn->path())) return;
-	this->mConnections.insert(conn->path(), conn);
-	auto onDestroyed = [this, conn]() {
-		if (this->mConnections.take(conn->path())) {
-			this->updateReferenceConnection();
-			if (this->mConnections.isEmpty()) this->bKnown = false;
-			if (this->mAccessPoints.isEmpty() && this->mConnections.isEmpty()) emit this->disappeared();
-		}
-	};
-	// clang-format off
-	QObject::connect(conn, &NMConnectionSettings::securityChanged, this, &NMWirelessNetwork::updateReferenceConnection);
-	QObject::connect(conn, &NMConnectionSettings::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
-	// clang-format on
-	this->bKnown = true;
-	this->updateReferenceConnection();
-};
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::addActiveConnection(NMActiveConnection* active) {
-	if (this->mActiveConnection) return;
-	this->mActiveConnection = active;
-	this->bState.setBinding([active]() { return active->state(); });
-	this->bReason.setBinding([active]() { return active->stateReason(); });
-	auto onDestroyed = [this, active]() {
-		if (this->mActiveConnection && this->mActiveConnection == active) {
-			this->mActiveConnection = nullptr;
-			this->updateReferenceConnection();
-			this->bState = NMConnectionState::Deactivated;
-			this->bReason = NMConnectionStateReason::None;
-		}
-	};
-	QObject::connect(active, &NMActiveConnection::destroyed, this, onDestroyed);
-	this->updateReferenceConnection();
-};
-
-void NMWirelessNetwork::forget() {
-	if (this->mConnections.isEmpty()) return;
-	for (auto* conn: this->mConnections.values()) {
-		conn->forget();
-	}
-}
-
 NMWirelessDevice::NMWirelessDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent)
     : NMDevice(path, parent)
     , mScanTimer(this) {
@@ -193,6 +65,10 @@ NMWirelessDevice::NMWirelessDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent)
 
 	this->wirelessProperties.setInterface(this->wirelessProxy);
 	this->wirelessProperties.updateAllViaGetAll();
+
+	// Register and bind the frontend WifiDevice.
+	this->mFrontend = new WifiDevice(this);
+	this->bindFrontend();
 }
 
 void NMWirelessDevice::initWireless() {
@@ -200,11 +76,13 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::initWireless() {
 	QObject::connect(this->wirelessProxy, &DBusNMWirelessProxy::AccessPointAdded, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointAdded);
 	QObject::connect(this->wirelessProxy, &DBusNMWirelessProxy::AccessPointRemoved, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointRemoved);
 	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessDevice::accessPointLoaded, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointLoaded);
-	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessDevice::connectionLoaded, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onConnectionLoaded);
+	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessDevice::settingsLoaded, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onSettingsLoaded);
 	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessDevice::activeConnectionLoaded, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onActiveConnectionLoaded);
 	QObject::connect(this, &NMWirelessDevice::scanningChanged, this, &NMWirelessDevice::onScanningChanged);
 	// clang-format on
+
 	this->registerAccessPoints();
+	emit this->loaded();
 }
 
 void NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointAdded(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
@@ -218,6 +96,7 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointRemoved(const QDBusObjectPath& path) {
 		                           << "which is not registered.";
 		return;
 	}
+	qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Access point removed:" << path.path();
 	delete ap;
 }
 
@@ -233,28 +112,26 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::onAccessPointLoaded(NMAccessPoint* ap) {
 	}
 }
 
-void NMWirelessDevice::onConnectionLoaded(NMConnectionSettings* conn) {
-	const ConnectionSettingsMap& settings = conn->settings();
+void NMWirelessDevice::onSettingsLoaded(NMSettings* settings) {
+	const NMSettingsMap& map = settings->map();
 	// Filter connections that aren't wireless or have missing settings
-	if (settings["connection"]["id"].toString().isEmpty()
-	    || settings["connection"]["uuid"].toString().isEmpty()
-	    || !settings.contains("802-11-wireless")
-	    || settings["802-11-wireless"]["ssid"].toString().isEmpty())
+	if (map["connection"]["id"].toString().isEmpty() || map["connection"]["uuid"].toString().isEmpty()
+	    || !map.contains("802-11-wireless") || map["802-11-wireless"]["ssid"].toString().isEmpty())
 	{
 		return;
 	}
 
-	const auto ssid = settings["802-11-wireless"]["ssid"].toString();
-	const auto mode = settings["802-11-wireless"]["mode"].toString();
+	const auto ssid = map["802-11-wireless"]["ssid"].toString();
+	const auto mode = map["802-11-wireless"]["mode"].toString();
 
 	if (mode == "infrastructure") {
 		auto* net = this->mNetworks.value(ssid);
 		if (!net) net = this->registerNetwork(ssid);
-		net->addConnection(conn);
+		net->addSettings(settings);
 
 		// Check for active connections that loaded before their respective connection settings
 		auto* active = this->activeConnection();
-		if (active && conn->path() == active->connection().path()) {
+		if (active && settings->path() == active->connection().path()) {
 			net->addActiveConnection(active);
 		}
 	}
@@ -262,11 +139,11 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::onConnectionLoaded(NMConnectionSettings* conn) {
 }
 
 void NMWirelessDevice::onActiveConnectionLoaded(NMActiveConnection* active) {
-	// Find an exisiting network with connection settings that matches the active
+	// Find an existing network with connection settings that matches the active
 	const QString activeConnPath = active->connection().path();
 	for (const auto& net: this->mNetworks.values()) {
-		for (auto* conn: net->connections()) {
-			if (activeConnPath == conn->path()) {
+		for (auto* settings: net->settings()) {
+			if (activeConnPath == settings->path()) {
 				net->addActiveConnection(active);
 				return;
 			}
@@ -334,6 +211,7 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::registerAccessPoint(const QString& path) {
 		return;
 	}
 
+	qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Access point added:" << path;
 	this->mAccessPoints.insert(path, ap);
 	QObject::connect(
 	    ap,
@@ -354,89 +232,45 @@ void NMWirelessDevice::registerAccessPoint(const QString& path) {
 }
 
 NMWirelessNetwork* NMWirelessDevice::registerNetwork(const QString& ssid) {
-	auto* net = new NMWirelessNetwork(ssid, this);
+	auto* net = new NMWirelessNetwork(ssid, this->frontend(), this);
 
-	// To avoid exposing outdated state to the frontend, filter the backend networks to only show
-	// the known or currently connected networks when the scanner is off.
+	this->NMDevice::bindNetwork(net);
 	auto visible = [this, net]() {
 		return this->bScanning || net->state() == NMConnectionState::Activated || net->known();
 	};
-	auto onVisibilityChanged = [this, net](bool visible) {
-		visible ? this->registerFrontendNetwork(net) : this->removeFrontendNetwork(net);
-	};
-
 	net->bindableVisible().setBinding(visible);
 	net->bindableActiveApPath().setBinding([this]() { return this->activeApPath().path(); });
 	QObject::connect(net, &NMWirelessNetwork::disappeared, this, &NMWirelessDevice::removeNetwork);
-	QObject::connect(net, &NMWirelessNetwork::visibilityChanged, this, onVisibilityChanged);
 
 	this->mNetworks.insert(ssid, net);
-	if (net->visible()) this->registerFrontendNetwork(net);
+	qCDebug(logNetworkManager) << "Registered network for SSID" << ssid;
 	return net;
 }
 
-void NMWirelessDevice::registerFrontendNetwork(NMWirelessNetwork* net) {
-	auto ssid = net->ssid();
-	auto* frontendNet = new WifiNetwork(ssid, net);
-
-	// Bind WifiNetwork to NMWirelessNetwork
-	auto translateSignal = [net]() { return net->signalStrength() / 100.0; };
-	auto translateState = [net]() { return net->state() == NMConnectionState::Activated; };
-	frontendNet->bindableSignalStrength().setBinding(translateSignal);
-	frontendNet->bindableConnected().setBinding(translateState);
-	frontendNet->bindableKnown().setBinding([net]() { return net->known(); });
-	frontendNet->bindableNmReason().setBinding([net]() { return net->reason(); });
-	frontendNet->bindableSecurity().setBinding([net]() { return net->security(); });
-	frontendNet->bindableState().setBinding([net]() {
-		return static_cast<NetworkState::Enum>(net->state());
-	});
-
-	QObject::connect(frontendNet, &WifiNetwork::requestConnect, this, [this, net]() {
-		if (net->referenceConnection()) {
-			emit this->activateConnection(
-			    QDBusObjectPath(net->referenceConnection()->path()),
-			    QDBusObjectPath(this->path())
-			);
-			return;
-		}
-		if (net->referenceAp()) {
-			emit this->addAndActivateConnection(
-			    ConnectionSettingsMap(),
-			    QDBusObjectPath(this->path()),
-			    QDBusObjectPath(net->referenceAp()->path())
-			);
-		}
-	});
-
-	QObject::connect(
-	    frontendNet,
-	    &WifiNetwork::requestDisconnect,
-	    this,
-	    &NMWirelessDevice::disconnect
-	);
-
-	QObject::connect(frontendNet, &WifiNetwork::requestForget, net, &NMWirelessNetwork::forget);
-
-	this->mFrontendNetworks.insert(ssid, frontendNet);
-	emit this->networkAdded(frontendNet);
-}
-
-void NMWirelessDevice::removeFrontendNetwork(NMWirelessNetwork* net) {
-	auto* frontendNet = this->mFrontendNetworks.take(net->ssid());
-	if (frontendNet) {
-		emit this->networkRemoved(frontendNet);
-		frontendNet->deleteLater();
-	}
-}
-
 void NMWirelessDevice::removeNetwork() {
 	auto* net = qobject_cast<NMWirelessNetwork*>(this->sender());
 	if (this->mNetworks.take(net->ssid())) {
-		this->removeFrontendNetwork(net);
+		if (net->visible()) emit this->networkRemoved(net->frontend());
 		delete net;
 	};
 }
 
+void NMWirelessDevice::bindFrontend() {
+	auto* frontend = this->mFrontend;
+	this->NMDevice::bindFrontend(frontend);
+	auto translateMode = [this]() {
+		switch (this->mode()) {
+		case NM80211Mode::Unknown: return WifiDeviceMode::Unknown;
+		case NM80211Mode::Adhoc: return WifiDeviceMode::AdHoc;
+		case NM80211Mode::Infra: return WifiDeviceMode::Station;
+		case NM80211Mode::Ap: return WifiDeviceMode::AccessPoint;
+		case NM80211Mode::Mesh: return WifiDeviceMode::Mesh;
+		}
+	};
+	frontend->bindableMode().setBinding(translateMode);
+	this->bindableScanning().setBinding([frontend]() { return frontend->scannerEnabled(); });
+}
+
 bool NMWirelessDevice::isValid() const {
 	return this->NMDevice::isValid() && (this->wirelessProxy && this->wirelessProxy->isValid());
 }

src/network/nm/wireless.hpp

@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@
 
 #include "../wifi.hpp"
 #include "accesspoint.hpp"
-#include "connection.hpp"
+#include "active_connection.hpp"
 #include "dbus_nm_wireless.h"
 #include "device.hpp"
 #include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+#include "settings.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::dbus {
 template <>
@@ -32,70 +34,9 @@ struct DBusDataTransform<QDateTime> {
 } // namespace qs::dbus
 namespace qs::network {
 
-// NMWirelessNetwork aggregates all related NMActiveConnection, NMAccessPoint, and NMConnectionSetting objects.
-class NMWirelessNetwork: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-
-public:
-	explicit NMWirelessNetwork(QString ssid, QObject* parent = nullptr);
-
-	void addAccessPoint(NMAccessPoint* ap);
-	void addConnection(NMConnectionSettings* conn);
-	void addActiveConnection(NMActiveConnection* active);
-	void forget();
-
-	[[nodiscard]] QString ssid() const { return this->mSsid; };
-	[[nodiscard]] quint8 signalStrength() const { return this->bSignalStrength; };
-	[[nodiscard]] WifiSecurityType::Enum security() const { return this->bSecurity; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionState::Enum state() const { return this->bState; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool known() const { return this->bKnown; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason() const { return this->bReason; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMAccessPoint* referenceAp() const { return this->mReferenceAp; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NMConnectionSettings* referenceConnection() const { return this->mReferenceConn; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QList<NMAccessPoint*> accessPoints() const { return this->mAccessPoints.values(); };
-	[[nodiscard]] QList<NMConnectionSettings*> connections() const {
-		return this->mConnections.values();
-	}
-	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<QString> bindableActiveApPath() { return &this->bActiveApPath; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<bool> bindableVisible() { return &this->bVisible; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool visible() const { return this->bVisible; };
-
-signals:
-	void disappeared();
-	void visibilityChanged(bool visible);
-	void signalStrengthChanged(quint8 signal);
-	void stateChanged(NMConnectionState::Enum state);
-	void knownChanged(bool known);
-	void securityChanged(WifiSecurityType::Enum security);
-	void reasonChanged(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason);
-	void capabilitiesChanged(NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum caps);
-	void activeApPathChanged(QString path);
-
-private:
-	void updateReferenceAp();
-	void updateReferenceConnection();
-
-	QString mSsid;
-	QHash<QString, NMAccessPoint*> mAccessPoints;
-	QHash<QString, NMConnectionSettings*> mConnections;
-	NMAccessPoint* mReferenceAp = nullptr;
-	NMConnectionSettings* mReferenceConn = nullptr;
-	NMActiveConnection* mActiveConnection = nullptr;
-
-	// clang-format off
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, bool, bVisible, &NMWirelessNetwork::visibilityChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, bool, bKnown, &NMWirelessNetwork::knownChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, WifiSecurityType::Enum, bSecurity, &NMWirelessNetwork::securityChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, NMConnectionStateReason::Enum, bReason, &NMWirelessNetwork::reasonChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, NMConnectionState::Enum, bState, &NMWirelessNetwork::stateChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, quint8, bSignalStrength, &NMWirelessNetwork::signalStrengthChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(NMWirelessNetwork, QString, bActiveApPath, &NMWirelessNetwork::activeApPathChanged);
-	// clang-format on
-};
-
 // Proxy of a /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Device/* object.
 // Extends NMDevice to also include members from the org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.Device.Wireless interface
-// Owns the lifetime of NMAccessPoints(s), NMWirelessNetwork(s), frontend WifiNetwork(s).
+// Owns the lifetime of NMAccessPoints(s), NMWirelessNetwork(s), and a frontend WifiDevice.
 class NMWirelessDevice: public NMDevice {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 
@@ -103,16 +44,15 @@ public:
 	explicit NMWirelessDevice(const QString& path, QObject* parent = nullptr);
 
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const override;
-	[[nodiscard]] NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum capabilities() { return this->bCapabilities; };
-	[[nodiscard]] const QDBusObjectPath& activeApPath() { return this->bActiveAccessPoint; };
-	[[nodiscard]] NM80211Mode::Enum mode() { return this->bMode; };
-	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<bool> bindableScanning() { return &this->bScanning; };
+	[[nodiscard]] NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum capabilities() { return this->bCapabilities; }
+	[[nodiscard]] const QDBusObjectPath& activeApPath() { return this->bActiveAccessPoint; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NM80211Mode::Enum mode() { return this->bMode; }
+	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<bool> bindableScanning() { return &this->bScanning; }
+	[[nodiscard]] WifiDevice* frontend() override { return this->mFrontend; };
 
 signals:
 	void accessPointLoaded(NMAccessPoint* ap);
 	void accessPointRemoved(NMAccessPoint* ap);
-	void networkAdded(WifiNetwork* net);
-	void networkRemoved(WifiNetwork* net);
 	void lastScanChanged(QDateTime lastScan);
 	void scanningChanged(bool scanning);
 	void capabilitiesChanged(NMWirelessCapabilities::Enum caps);
@@ -123,24 +63,23 @@ private slots:
 	void onAccessPointAdded(const QDBusObjectPath& path);
 	void onAccessPointRemoved(const QDBusObjectPath& path);
 	void onAccessPointLoaded(NMAccessPoint* ap);
-	void onConnectionLoaded(NMConnectionSettings* conn);
+	void onSettingsLoaded(NMSettings* settings);
 	void onActiveConnectionLoaded(NMActiveConnection* active);
 	void onScanTimeout();
 	void onScanningChanged(bool scanning);
 
 private:
 	void registerAccessPoint(const QString& path);
-	void registerFrontendNetwork(NMWirelessNetwork* net);
-	void removeFrontendNetwork(NMWirelessNetwork* net);
 	void removeNetwork();
 	bool checkVisibility(WifiNetwork* net);
 	void registerAccessPoints();
 	void initWireless();
+	void bindFrontend();
 	NMWirelessNetwork* registerNetwork(const QString& ssid);
 
+	WifiDevice* mFrontend;
 	QHash<QString, NMAccessPoint*> mAccessPoints;
 	QHash<QString, NMWirelessNetwork*> mNetworks;
-	QHash<QString, WifiNetwork*> mFrontendNetworks;
 
 	QDateTime mLastScanRequest;
 	QTimer mScanTimer;

src/network/qml.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include "qml.hpp"
+
+#include <qdebug.h>
+#include <qlogging.h>
+#include <qloggingcategory.h>
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+
+#include "../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "nm/backend.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+namespace {
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logNetwork, "quickshell.network", QtWarningMsg);
+} // namespace
+
+Networking::Networking(QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
+	// Try to create the NetworkManager backend and bind to it.
+	auto* nm = new NetworkManager(this);
+	if (nm->isAvailable()) {
+		// clang-format off
+		QObject::connect(nm, &NetworkManager::deviceAdded, this, &Networking::deviceAdded);
+		QObject::connect(nm, &NetworkManager::deviceRemoved, this, &Networking::deviceRemoved);
+		QObject::connect(this, &Networking::requestSetWifiEnabled, nm, &NetworkManager::setWifiEnabled);
+		QObject::connect(this, &Networking::requestSetConnectivityCheckEnabled, nm, &NetworkManager::setConnectivityCheckEnabled);
+		QObject::connect(this, &Networking::requestCheckConnectivity, nm, &NetworkManager::checkConnectivity);
+		this->bindableWifiEnabled().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->wifiEnabled(); });
+		this->bindableWifiHardwareEnabled().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->wifiHardwareEnabled(); });
+		this->bindableCanCheckConnectivity().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->connectivityCheckAvailable(); });
+		this->bindableConnectivityCheckEnabled().setBinding([nm]() { return nm->connectivityCheckEnabled(); });
+		this->bindableConnectivity().setBinding([nm]() { return static_cast<NetworkConnectivity::Enum>(nm->connectivity()); });
+		// clang-format on
+
+		this->mBackend = nm;
+		this->mBackendType = NetworkBackendType::NetworkManager;
+		return;
+	} else {
+		delete nm;
+	}
+	qCCritical(logNetwork) << "Network will not work. Could not find an available backend.";
+}
+
+Networking* Networking::instance() {
+	static Networking* instance = new Networking(); // NOLINT
+	return instance;
+}
+
+void Networking::deviceAdded(NetworkDevice* dev) { this->mDevices.insertObject(dev); }
+void Networking::deviceRemoved(NetworkDevice* dev) { this->mDevices.removeObject(dev); }
+
+void Networking::checkConnectivity() {
+	if (!this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled || !this->bCanCheckConnectivity) return;
+	emit this->requestCheckConnectivity();
+}
+
+void Networking::setWifiEnabled(bool enabled) {
+	if (this->bWifiEnabled == enabled) return;
+	emit this->requestSetWifiEnabled(enabled);
+}
+
+void Networking::setConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled) {
+	if (this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled == enabled) return;
+	emit this->requestSetConnectivityCheckEnabled(enabled);
+}
+
+NetworkingQml::NetworkingQml(QObject* parent): QObject(parent) {
+	// clang-format off
+	QObject::connect(Networking::instance(), &Networking::wifiEnabledChanged, this, &NetworkingQml::wifiEnabledChanged);
+	QObject::connect(Networking::instance(), &Networking::wifiHardwareEnabledChanged, this, &NetworkingQml::wifiHardwareEnabledChanged);
+	QObject::connect(Networking::instance(), &Networking::canCheckConnectivityChanged, this, &NetworkingQml::canCheckConnectivityChanged);
+	QObject::connect(Networking::instance(), &Networking::connectivityCheckEnabledChanged, this, &NetworkingQml::connectivityCheckEnabledChanged);
+	QObject::connect(Networking::instance(), &Networking::connectivityChanged, this, &NetworkingQml::connectivityChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+}
+
+void NetworkingQml::checkConnectivity() { Networking::instance()->checkConnectivity(); }
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/qml.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qproperty.h>
+#include <qqmlintegration.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "../core/doc.hpp"
+#include "../core/model.hpp"
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+class NetworkBackend: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	[[nodiscard]] virtual bool isAvailable() const = 0;
+
+protected:
+	explicit NetworkBackend(QObject* parent = nullptr): QObject(parent) {};
+};
+
+class Networking: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+
+public:
+	static Networking* instance();
+
+	void checkConnectivity();
+
+	[[nodiscard]] ObjectModel<NetworkDevice>* devices() { return &this->mDevices; }
+	[[nodiscard]] NetworkBackendType::Enum backend() const { return this->mBackendType; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableWifiEnabled() { return &this->bWifiEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool wifiEnabled() const { return this->bWifiEnabled; }
+	void setWifiEnabled(bool enabled);
+	QBindable<bool> bindableWifiHardwareEnabled() { return &this->bWifiHardwareEnabled; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableCanCheckConnectivity() { return &this->bCanCheckConnectivity; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableConnectivityCheckEnabled() { return &this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool connectivityCheckEnabled() const { return this->bConnectivityCheckEnabled; }
+	void setConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled);
+	QBindable<NetworkConnectivity::Enum> bindableConnectivity() { return &this->bConnectivity; }
+
+signals:
+	void requestSetWifiEnabled(bool enabled);
+	void requestSetConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled);
+	void requestCheckConnectivity();
+
+	void wifiEnabledChanged();
+	void wifiHardwareEnabledChanged();
+	void canCheckConnectivityChanged();
+	void connectivityCheckEnabledChanged();
+	void connectivityChanged();
+
+private slots:
+	void deviceAdded(NetworkDevice* dev);
+	void deviceRemoved(NetworkDevice* dev);
+
+private:
+	explicit Networking(QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	ObjectModel<NetworkDevice> mDevices {this};
+	NetworkBackend* mBackend = nullptr;
+	NetworkBackendType::Enum mBackendType = NetworkBackendType::None;
+	// clang-format off
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bWifiEnabled, &Networking::wifiEnabledChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bWifiHardwareEnabled, &Networking::wifiHardwareEnabledChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bCanCheckConnectivity, &Networking::canCheckConnectivityChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, bool, bConnectivityCheckEnabled, &Networking::connectivityCheckEnabledChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(Networking, NetworkConnectivity::Enum, bConnectivity, &Networking::connectivityChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+};
+
+///! The Network service.
+/// An interface to a network backend (currently only NetworkManager),
+/// which can be used to view, configure, and connect to various networks.
+class NetworkingQml: public QObject {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_NAMED_ELEMENT(Networking);
+	QML_SINGLETON;
+	// clang-format off
+	/// A list of all network devices. Networks are exposed through their respective devices.
+	QSDOC_TYPE_OVERRIDE(ObjectModel<qs::network::NetworkDevice>*);
+	Q_PROPERTY(UntypedObjectModel* devices READ devices CONSTANT);
+	/// The backend being used to power the Network service.
+	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::NetworkBackendType::Enum backend READ backend CONSTANT);
+	/// Switch for the rfkill software block of all wireless devices.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool wifiEnabled READ wifiEnabled WRITE setWifiEnabled NOTIFY wifiEnabledChanged);
+	/// State of the rfkill hardware block of all wireless devices.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool wifiHardwareEnabled READ default NOTIFY wifiHardwareEnabledChanged BINDABLE bindableWifiHardwareEnabled);
+	/// True if the @@backend supports connectivity checks.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool canCheckConnectivity READ default NOTIFY canCheckConnectivityChanged BINDABLE bindableCanCheckConnectivity);
+	/// True if connectivity checking is enabled.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool connectivityCheckEnabled READ connectivityCheckEnabled WRITE setConnectivityCheckEnabled NOTIFY connectivityCheckEnabledChanged);
+	/// The result of the last connectivity check.
+	///
+  /// Connectivity checks may require additional configuration depending on your distro.
+  ///
+	/// > [!NOTE] This property can be used to determine if network access is restricted
+  /// > or gated behind a captive portal.
+	/// >
+  /// > If checking for captive portals, @@checkConnectivity() should be called after
+  /// > the portal is dismissed to update this property.
+	Q_PROPERTY(qs::network::NetworkConnectivity::Enum connectivity READ default NOTIFY connectivityChanged BINDABLE bindableConnectivity);
+	// clang-format on
+
+public:
+	explicit NetworkingQml(QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	/// Re-check the network connectivity state immediately.
+	/// > [!NOTE] This should be invoked after a user dismisses a web browser that was opened to authenticate via a captive portal.
+	Q_INVOKABLE static void checkConnectivity();
+
+	[[nodiscard]] static ObjectModel<NetworkDevice>* devices() {
+		return Networking::instance()->devices();
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static NetworkBackendType::Enum backend() {
+		return Networking::instance()->backend();
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static bool wifiEnabled() { return Networking::instance()->wifiEnabled(); }
+	static void setWifiEnabled(bool enabled) { Networking::instance()->setWifiEnabled(enabled); }
+	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<bool> bindableWifiHardwareEnabled() {
+		return Networking::instance()->bindableWifiHardwareEnabled();
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<bool> bindableWifiEnabled() {
+		return Networking::instance()->bindableWifiEnabled();
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<bool> bindableCanCheckConnectivity() {
+		return Networking::instance()->bindableCanCheckConnectivity();
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static bool connectivityCheckEnabled() {
+		return Networking::instance()->connectivityCheckEnabled();
+	}
+	static void setConnectivityCheckEnabled(bool enabled) {
+		Networking::instance()->setConnectivityCheckEnabled(enabled);
+	}
+	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<NetworkConnectivity::Enum> bindableConnectivity() {
+		return Networking::instance()->bindableConnectivity();
+	}
+
+signals:
+	void wifiEnabledChanged();
+	void wifiHardwareEnabledChanged();
+	void canCheckConnectivityChanged();
+	void connectivityCheckEnabledChanged();
+	void connectivityChanged();
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/test/manual/network.qml

@@ -5,6 +5,309 @@ import Quickshell
 import Quickshell.Widgets
 import Quickshell.Networking
 
+Scope {
+    Component {
+        id: editorComponent
+        FloatingWindow {
+            id: editorWindow
+            required property var nmSettings
+            color: contentItem.palette.window
+
+            Component.onCompleted: editorArea.text = JSON.stringify(nmSettings.read(), null, 2)
+
+            ColumnLayout {
+                anchors.fill: parent
+                anchors.margins: 10
+
+                Label {
+                    text: "Editing " + nmSettings?.id + " (" + nmSettings?.uuid + ")"
+                    font.bold: true
+                    font.pointSize: 12
+                }
+
+                ScrollView {
+                    Layout.fillWidth: true
+                    Layout.fillHeight: true
+                    TextArea {
+                        id: editorArea
+                        wrapMode: TextEdit.Wrap
+                        selectByMouse: true
+                    }
+                }
+
+                RowLayout {
+                    Layout.fillWidth: true
+                    Label {
+                        id: statusLabel
+                        Layout.fillWidth: true
+                        color: palette.placeholderText
+                    }
+                    Button {
+                        text: "Reload"
+                        onClicked: {
+                            editorArea.text = JSON.stringify(editorWindow.nmSettings.read(), null, 2);
+                            statusLabel.text = "Reloaded";
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Button {
+                        text: "Save"
+                        onClicked: {
+                            try {
+                                const parsed = JSON.parse(editorArea.text);
+                                nmSettings.write(parsed);
+                                statusLabel.text = "Saved";
+                            } catch (e) {
+                                statusLabel.text = "Parse error: " + e.message;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Button {
+                        text: "Close"
+                        onClicked: {
+                            editorArea.focus = false;
+                            editorWindow.destroy();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Component {
+        id: deviceDelegate
+        WrapperRectangle {
+            width: parent.width
+            color: "transparent"
+            border.color: palette.button
+            border.width: 1
+            margin: 5
+
+            ColumnLayout {
+                RowLayout {
+                    Label {
+                        text: modelData.name
+                        font.bold: true
+                    }
+                    Label {
+                        text: modelData.address
+                    }
+                    Label {
+                        text: `(Type: ${DeviceType.toString(modelData.type)})`
+                    }
+                    CheckBox {
+                        text: `Managed`
+                        checked: modelData.nmManaged
+                        onClicked: modelData.nmManaged = !modelData.nmManaged
+                    }
+                }
+                RowLayout {
+                    Label {
+                        text: ConnectionState.toString(modelData.state)
+                        color: modelData.connected ? palette.link : palette.placeholderText
+                    }
+                    Button {
+                        visible: modelData.state == ConnectionState.Connected
+                        text: "Disconnect"
+                        onClicked: modelData.disconnect()
+                    }
+                    CheckBox {
+                        text: "Autoconnect"
+                        checked: modelData.autoconnect
+                        onClicked: modelData.autoconnect = !modelData.autoconnect
+                    }
+                    RowLayout {
+                        visible: modelData.type === DeviceType.Wired
+                        CheckBox {
+                            text: "Link connected"
+                            checked: modelData.hasLink
+                            enabled: false
+                        }
+                        Label {
+                            text: `Link max speed: ${modelData.linkSpeed} Mbps`
+                        }
+                    }
+                    RowLayout {
+                        visible: modelData.type === DeviceType.Wifi
+                        Label {
+                            text: `Mode: ${WifiDeviceMode.toString(modelData.mode)}`
+                            visible: modelData.type == DeviceType.Wifi
+                        }
+                        CheckBox {
+                            text: "Scanner"
+                            checked: modelData.scannerEnabled
+                            onClicked: modelData.scannerEnabled = !modelData.scannerEnabled
+                            visible: modelData.type === DeviceType.Wifi
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                Repeater {
+                    model: ScriptModel {
+                        values: [...modelData.networks.values].sort((a, b) => {
+                            if (a.connected !== b.connected) {
+                                return b.connected - a.connected;
+                            }
+                            if (modelData.device?.type === DeviceType.Wifi) {
+                                return b.signalStrength - a.signalStrength;
+                            }
+                        })
+                    }
+
+                    WrapperRectangle {
+                        id: ethernetNetwork
+                        property var chosenSettings: {
+                            const settings = modelData.nmSettings;
+                            if (!settings || settings.length === 0) {
+                                return null;
+                            }
+                            if (settings.length === 1) {
+                                return settings[0];
+                            }
+                            return settings[settingsComboBox.currentIndex];
+                        }
+
+                        Connections {
+                            target: modelData
+                            function onConnectionFailed(reason) {
+                                failLoader.sourceComponent = failComponent;
+                                failLoader.item.failReason = reason;
+                            }
+                            function onStateChanged() {
+                                if (modelData.state == ConnectionState.Connecting) {
+                                    failLoader.sourceComponent = null;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        Component {
+                            id: failComponent
+                            RowLayout {
+                                property var failReason
+                                Label {
+                                    text: ConnectionFailReason.toString(failReason)
+                                }
+                                RowLayout {
+                                    TextField {
+                                        id: pskField
+                                        placeholderText: "PSK"
+                                    }
+                                    Button {
+                                        text: "Set"
+                                        visible: pskField.visible
+                                        onClicked: {
+                                            modelData.connectWithPsk(pskField.text);
+                                            failLoader.sourceComponent = null;
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                    visible: modelData.security === WifiSecurityType.WpaPsk || modelData.security === WifiSecurityType.Wpa2Psk || modelData.security === WifiSecurityType.Sae
+                                }
+                                Button {
+                                    text: "Close"
+                                    onClicked: failLoader.sourceComponent = null
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        Layout.fillWidth: true
+                        color: modelData.connected ? palette.highlight : palette.button
+                        border.color: palette.mid
+                        border.width: 1
+                        margin: 5
+
+                        RowLayout {
+                            ColumnLayout {
+                                Layout.fillWidth: true
+                                RowLayout {
+                                    Label {
+                                        text: modelData.name
+                                        font.bold: true
+                                    }
+                                    Label {
+                                        text: modelData.known ? "Known" : ""
+                                        color: palette.placeholderText
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                RowLayout {
+                                    visible: modelData.device?.type === DeviceType.Wifi
+                                    Label {
+                                        text: `Security: ${WifiSecurityType.toString(modelData.security)}`
+                                        color: palette.placeholderText
+                                    }
+                                    Label {
+                                        text: `| Signal strength: ${Math.round(modelData.signalStrength * 100)}%`
+                                        color: palette.placeholderText
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                            ColumnLayout {
+                                Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignRight
+                                RowLayout {
+                                    Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignRight
+                                    BusyIndicator {
+                                        implicitHeight: 30
+                                        implicitWidth: 30
+                                        running: modelData.stateChanging
+                                        visible: modelData.stateChanging
+                                    }
+                                    Label {
+                                        text: ConnectionState.toString(modelData.state)
+                                        color: modelData.connected ? palette.link : palette.placeholderText
+                                    }
+                                    RowLayout {
+                                        Label {
+                                            text: "Choose settings:"
+                                        }
+                                        ComboBox {
+                                            id: settingsComboBox
+                                            model: modelData.nmSettings.map(s => s?.read()?.connection?.id)
+                                            currentIndex: 0
+                                        }
+                                        visible: modelData.nmSettings.length > 1
+                                    }
+                                    Button {
+                                        text: "Connect"
+                                        onClicked: {
+                                            if (ethernetNetwork.chosenSettings)
+                                                modelData.connectWithSettings(ethernetNetwork.chosenSettings);
+                                            else
+                                                modelData.connect();
+                                        }
+                                        visible: !modelData.connected
+                                    }
+                                    Button {
+                                        text: "Disconnect"
+                                        onClicked: modelData.disconnect()
+                                        visible: modelData.connected
+                                    }
+                                    Button {
+                                        text: "Forget"
+                                        onClicked: modelData.forget()
+                                        visible: modelData.known
+                                    }
+                                    Button {
+                                        text: "Edit"
+                                        visible: modelData.known
+                                        onClicked: {
+                                            if (ethernetNetwork.chosenSettings)
+                                                editorComponent.createObject(null, {
+                                                    nmSettings: chosenSettings
+                                                });
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                Loader {
+                                    id: failLoader
+                                    Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignRight
+                                    visible: sourceComponent !== null
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     FloatingWindow {
         color: contentItem.palette.window
 
@@ -12,13 +315,46 @@ FloatingWindow {
             anchors.fill: parent
             anchors.margins: 5
 
+            ColumnLayout {
+                Label {
+                    text: `Networking (${NetworkBackendType.toString(Networking.backend)} backend)`
+                    font.bold: true
+                    font.pointSize: 12
+                }
+                RowLayout {
+                    Label {
+                        text: `Connectivity`
+                        font.bold: true
+                    }
+                    Label {
+                        text: `${NetworkConnectivity.toString(Networking.connectivity)}`
+                        visible: Networking.canCheckConnectivity
+                    }
+                    Button {
+                        text: "Re-check"
+                        visible: Networking.canCheckConnectivity && Networking.connectivityCheckEnabled
+                        onClicked: Networking.checkConnectivity()
+                    }
+                    CheckBox {
+                        text: "Checking enabled"
+                        checked: Networking.connectivityCheckEnabled
+                        onClicked: Networking.connectivityCheckEnabled = !Networking.connectivityCheckEnabled
+                        visible: Networking.canCheckConnectivity
+                    }
+                    CheckBox {
+                        enabled: false
+                        text: "Supported"
+                        checked: Networking.canCheckConnectivity
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
             Column {
                 Layout.fillWidth: true
                 RowLayout {
                     Label {
                         text: "WiFi"
                         font.bold: true
-					font.pointSize: 12
                     }
                     CheckBox {
                         text: "Software"
@@ -38,115 +374,11 @@ FloatingWindow {
                 Layout.fillWidth: true
                 Layout.fillHeight: true
                 model: Networking.devices
-
-			delegate: WrapperRectangle {
-				width: parent.width
-				color: "transparent"
-				border.color: palette.button
-				border.width: 1
-				margin: 5
-
-				ColumnLayout {
-					RowLayout {
-						Label { text: modelData.name; font.bold: true }
-						Label { text: modelData.address }
-						Label { text: `(Type: ${DeviceType.toString(modelData.type)})` }
-					}
-					RowLayout {
-						Label {
-							text: DeviceConnectionState.toString(modelData.state)
-							color: modelData.connected ? palette.link : palette.placeholderText
-						}
-						Label {
-							visible: Networking.backend == NetworkBackendType.NetworkManager && (modelData.state == DeviceConnectionState.Connecting || modelData.state == DeviceConnectionState.Disconnecting)
-							text: `(${NMDeviceState.toString(modelData.nmState)})`
-						}
-						Button {
-							visible: modelData.state == DeviceConnectionState.Connected
-							text: "Disconnect"
-							onClicked: modelData.disconnect()
-						}						
-						CheckBox {
-							text: "Autoconnect"
-							checked: modelData.autoconnect
-							onClicked: modelData.autoconnect = !modelData.autoconnect
-						}
-						Label { 
-							text: `Mode: ${WifiDeviceMode.toString(modelData.mode)}` 
-							visible: modelData.type == DeviceType.Wifi
-						}
-						CheckBox {
-							text: "Scanner"
-							checked: modelData.scannerEnabled
-							onClicked: modelData.scannerEnabled = !modelData.scannerEnabled
-							visible: modelData.type === DeviceType.Wifi
-						}
-					}
-
-					Repeater {
-						Layout.fillWidth: true
-						model: {
-							if (modelData.type !== DeviceType.Wifi) return []
-							return [...modelData.networks.values].sort((a, b) => {
-								if (a.connected !== b.connected) {
-									return b.connected - a.connected
-								}
-								return b.signalStrength - a.signalStrength
-							})
-						}
-
-						WrapperRectangle {
-							Layout.fillWidth: true
-							color: modelData.connected ? palette.highlight : palette.button
-							border.color: palette.mid
-							border.width: 1
-							margin: 5
-
-							RowLayout {
-								ColumnLayout {
-									Layout.fillWidth: true
-									RowLayout {
-										Label { text: modelData.name; font.bold: true }
-										Label {
-											text: modelData.known ? "Known" : ""
-											color: palette.placeholderText
-										}
-									}
-									RowLayout {
-										Label { 
-											text: `Security: ${WifiSecurityType.toString(modelData.security)}`
-											color: palette.placeholderText
-										}
-										Label {
-											text: `| Signal strength: ${Math.round(modelData.signalStrength*100)}%`
-											color: palette.placeholderText
-										}
-									}
-									Label {
-										visible: Networking.backend == NetworkBackendType.NetworkManager && (modelData.nmReason != NMConnectionStateReason.Unknown && modelData.nmReason != NMConnectionStateReason.None)
-										text: `Connection change reason: ${NMConnectionStateReason.toString(modelData.nmReason)}`
-									}
-								}
-								RowLayout {
-									Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignRight
-									Button {
-										text: "Connect"
-										onClicked: modelData.connect()
-										visible: !modelData.connected
-									}
-									Button {
-										text: "Disconnect"
-										onClicked: modelData.disconnect()
-										visible: modelData.connected
-									}
-									Button {
-										text: "Forget"
-										onClicked: modelData.forget()
-										visible: modelData.known
-									}
-								}
-							}
-						}
+                delegate: Component {
+                    Loader {
+                        required property var modelData
+                        width: ListView.view.width
+                        sourceComponent: deviceDelegate
                     }
                 }
             }

src/network/wifi.cpp

@@ -6,99 +6,36 @@
 #include <qloggingcategory.h>
 #include <qobject.h>
 #include <qstring.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
 
 #include "../core/logcat.hpp"
 #include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
 #include "network.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
 namespace {
-QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logWifi, "quickshell.network.wifi", QtWarningMsg);
-} // namespace
-
-QString WifiSecurityType::toString(WifiSecurityType::Enum type) {
-	switch (type) {
-	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	case Wpa3SuiteB192: return QStringLiteral("WPA3 Suite B 192-bit");
-	case Sae: return QStringLiteral("WPA3");
-	case Wpa2Eap: return QStringLiteral("WPA2 Enterprise");
-	case Wpa2Psk: return QStringLiteral("WPA2");
-	case WpaEap: return QStringLiteral("WPA Enterprise");
-	case WpaPsk: return QStringLiteral("WPA");
-	case StaticWep: return QStringLiteral("WEP");
-	case DynamicWep: return QStringLiteral("Dynamic WEP");
-	case Leap: return QStringLiteral("LEAP");
-	case Owe: return QStringLiteral("OWE");
-	case Open: return QStringLiteral("Open");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	}
+QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logWifiNetwork, "quickshell.wifinetwork", QtWarningMsg);
 }
 
-QString WifiDeviceMode::toString(WifiDeviceMode::Enum mode) {
-	switch (mode) {
-	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	case AdHoc: return QStringLiteral("Ad-Hoc");
-	case Station: return QStringLiteral("Station");
-	case AccessPoint: return QStringLiteral("Access Point");
-	case Mesh: return QStringLiteral("Mesh");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	};
-}
+WifiNetwork::WifiNetwork(QString ssid, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent)
+    : Network(std::move(ssid), device, parent) {};
 
-QString NMConnectionStateReason::toString(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason) {
-	switch (reason) {
-	case Unknown: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	case None: return QStringLiteral("No reason");
-	case UserDisconnected: return QStringLiteral("User disconnection");
-	case DeviceDisconnected:
-		return QStringLiteral("The device the connection was using was disconnected.");
-	case ServiceStopped:
-		return QStringLiteral("The service providing the VPN connection was stopped.");
-	case IpConfigInvalid:
-		return QStringLiteral("The IP config of the active connection was invalid.");
-	case ConnectTimeout:
-		return QStringLiteral("The connection attempt to the VPN service timed out.");
-	case ServiceStartTimeout:
-		return QStringLiteral(
-		    "A timeout occurred while starting the service providing the VPN connection."
-		);
-	case ServiceStartFailed:
-		return QStringLiteral("Starting the service providing the VPN connection failed.");
-	case NoSecrets: return QStringLiteral("Necessary secrets for the connection were not provided.");
-	case LoginFailed: return QStringLiteral("Authentication to the server failed.");
-	case ConnectionRemoved:
-		return QStringLiteral("Necessary secrets for the connection were not provided.");
-	case DependencyFailed:
-		return QStringLiteral("Master connection of this connection failed to activate.");
-	case DeviceRealizeFailed: return QStringLiteral("Could not create the software device link.");
-	case DeviceRemoved: return QStringLiteral("The device this connection depended on disappeared.");
-	default: return QStringLiteral("Unknown");
-	};
-};
-
-WifiNetwork::WifiNetwork(QString ssid, QObject* parent): Network(std::move(ssid), parent) {};
-
-void WifiNetwork::connect() {
+void WifiNetwork::connectWithPsk(const QString& psk) {
 	if (this->bConnected) {
-		qCCritical(logWifi) << this << "is already connected.";
+		qCCritical(logWifiNetwork) << this << "is already connected.";
 		return;
 	}
-
-	this->requestConnect();
-}
-
-void WifiNetwork::disconnect() {
-	if (!this->bConnected) {
-		qCCritical(logWifi) << this << "is not currently connected";
+	if (this->bSecurity != WifiSecurityType::WpaPsk && this->bSecurity != WifiSecurityType::Wpa2Psk
+	    && this->bSecurity != WifiSecurityType::Sae)
+	{
+		qCCritical(logWifiNetwork) << this << "has the wrong security type for a PSK.";
 		return;
 	}
-
-	this->requestDisconnect();
+	emit this->requestConnectWithPsk(psk);
 }
 
-void WifiNetwork::forget() { this->requestForget(); }
-
 WifiDevice::WifiDevice(QObject* parent): NetworkDevice(DeviceType::Wifi, parent) {};
 
 void WifiDevice::setScannerEnabled(bool enabled) {
@@ -106,9 +43,6 @@ void WifiDevice::setScannerEnabled(bool enabled) {
 	this->bScannerEnabled = enabled;
 }
 
-void WifiDevice::networkAdded(WifiNetwork* net) { this->mNetworks.insertObject(net); }
-void WifiDevice::networkRemoved(WifiNetwork* net) { this->mNetworks.removeObject(net); }
-
 } // namespace qs::network
 
 QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const qs::network::WifiNetwork* network) {

src/network/wifi.hpp

@@ -6,90 +6,14 @@
 #include <qtmetamacros.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
 
-#include "../core/model.hpp"
+#include "../core/doc.hpp"
 #include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
 #include "network.hpp"
 
 namespace qs::network {
 
-///! The security type of a wifi network.
-class WifiSecurityType: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		Wpa3SuiteB192 = 0,
-		Sae = 1,
-		Wpa2Eap = 2,
-		Wpa2Psk = 3,
-		WpaEap = 4,
-		WpaPsk = 5,
-		StaticWep = 6,
-		DynamicWep = 7,
-		Leap = 8,
-		Owe = 9,
-		Open = 10,
-		Unknown = 11,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(WifiSecurityType::Enum type);
-};
-
-///! The 802.11 mode of a wifi device.
-class WifiDeviceMode: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		/// The device is part of an Ad-Hoc network without a central access point.
-		AdHoc = 0,
-		/// The device is a station that can connect to networks.
-		Station = 1,
-		/// The device is a local hotspot/access point.
-		AccessPoint = 2,
-		/// The device is an 802.11s mesh point.
-		Mesh = 3,
-		/// The device mode is unknown.
-		Unknown = 4,
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(WifiDeviceMode::Enum mode);
-};
-
-///! NetworkManager-specific reason for a WifiNetworks connection state.
-/// In sync with https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/latest/nm-dbus-types.html#NMActiveConnectionStateReason.
-class NMConnectionStateReason: public QObject {
-	Q_OBJECT;
-	QML_ELEMENT;
-	QML_SINGLETON;
-
-public:
-	enum Enum : quint8 {
-		Unknown = 0,
-		None = 1,
-		UserDisconnected = 2,
-		DeviceDisconnected = 3,
-		ServiceStopped = 4,
-		IpConfigInvalid = 5,
-		ConnectTimeout = 6,
-		ServiceStartTimeout = 7,
-		ServiceStartFailed = 8,
-		NoSecrets = 9,
-		LoginFailed = 10,
-		ConnectionRemoved = 11,
-		DependencyFailed = 12,
-		DeviceRealizeFailed = 13,
-		DeviceRemoved = 14
-	};
-	Q_ENUM(Enum);
-	Q_INVOKABLE static QString toString(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum reason);
-};
-
-///! An available wifi network.
+///! WiFi subtype of @@Network.
 class WifiNetwork: public Network {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	QML_ELEMENT;
@@ -97,60 +21,45 @@ class WifiNetwork: public Network {
 	// clang-format off
 	/// The current signal strength of the network, from 0.0 to 1.0.
 	Q_PROPERTY(qreal signalStrength READ default NOTIFY signalStrengthChanged BINDABLE bindableSignalStrength);
-	/// True if the wifi network has known connection settings saved.
-	Q_PROPERTY(bool known READ default NOTIFY knownChanged BINDABLE bindableKnown);
 	/// The security type of the wifi network.
 	Q_PROPERTY(WifiSecurityType::Enum security READ default NOTIFY securityChanged BINDABLE bindableSecurity);
-	/// A specific reason for the connection state when the backend is NetworkManager.
-	Q_PROPERTY(NMConnectionStateReason::Enum nmReason READ default NOTIFY nmReasonChanged BINDABLE bindableNmReason);
 	// clang-format on
 
 public:
-	explicit WifiNetwork(QString ssid, QObject* parent = nullptr);
-
-	/// Attempt to connect to the wifi network.
+	explicit WifiNetwork(QString ssid, NetworkDevice* device, QObject* parent = nullptr);
+	/// Attempt to connect to the network with the given PSK. If the PSK is wrong,
+	/// a @@Network.connectionFailed(s) signal will be emitted with `NoSecrets`.
 	///
-	/// > [!WARNING] Quickshell does not yet provide a NetworkManager authentication agent,
-	/// > meaning another agent will need to be active to enter passwords for unsaved networks.
-	Q_INVOKABLE void connect();
-	/// Disconnect from the wifi network.
-	Q_INVOKABLE void disconnect();
-	/// Forget all connection settings for this wifi network.
-	Q_INVOKABLE void forget();
+	/// The networking backend may store the PSK for future use with @@Network.connect().
+	/// As such, calling that function first is recommended to avoid having to show a
+	/// prompt if not required.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] PSKs should only be provided when the @@security is one of
+	/// > `WpaPsk`, `Wpa2Psk`, or `Sae`.
+	Q_INVOKABLE void connectWithPsk(const QString& psk);
 
 	QBindable<qreal> bindableSignalStrength() { return &this->bSignalStrength; }
-	QBindable<bool> bindableKnown() { return &this->bKnown; }
-	QBindable<NMConnectionStateReason::Enum> bindableNmReason() { return &this->bNmReason; }
 	QBindable<WifiSecurityType::Enum> bindableSecurity() { return &this->bSecurity; }
 
 signals:
-	void requestConnect();
-	void requestDisconnect();
-	void requestForget();
+	QSDOC_HIDE void requestConnectWithPsk(QString psk);
 	void signalStrengthChanged();
-	void knownChanged();
 	void securityChanged();
-	void nmReasonChanged();
 
 private:
 	// clang-format off
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiNetwork, qreal, bSignalStrength, &WifiNetwork::signalStrengthChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiNetwork, bool, bKnown, &WifiNetwork::knownChanged);
-	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiNetwork, NMConnectionStateReason::Enum, bNmReason, &WifiNetwork::nmReasonChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiNetwork, WifiSecurityType::Enum, bSecurity, &WifiNetwork::securityChanged);
 	// clang-format on
 };
 
-///! Wireless variant of a NetworkDevice.
+///! WiFi variant of a @@NetworkDevice.
 class WifiDevice: public NetworkDevice {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	QML_ELEMENT;
 	QML_UNCREATABLE("");
 
 	// clang-format off
-	/// A list of this available and connected wifi networks.
-	QSDOC_TYPE_OVERRIDE(ObjectModel<WifiNetwork>*);
-	Q_PROPERTY(UntypedObjectModel* networks READ networks CONSTANT);
 	/// True when currently scanning for networks.
 	/// When enabled, the scanner populates the device with an active list of available wifi networks.
 	Q_PROPERTY(bool scannerEnabled READ scannerEnabled WRITE setScannerEnabled NOTIFY scannerEnabledChanged BINDABLE bindableScannerEnabled);
@@ -161,12 +70,8 @@ class WifiDevice: public NetworkDevice {
 public:
 	explicit WifiDevice(QObject* parent = nullptr);
 
-	void networkAdded(WifiNetwork* net);
-	void networkRemoved(WifiNetwork* net);
-
-	[[nodiscard]] ObjectModel<WifiNetwork>* networks() { return &this->mNetworks; };
-	QBindable<bool> bindableScannerEnabled() { return &this->bScannerEnabled; };
-	[[nodiscard]] bool scannerEnabled() const { return this->bScannerEnabled; };
+	QBindable<bool> bindableScannerEnabled() { return &this->bScannerEnabled; }
+	[[nodiscard]] bool scannerEnabled() const { return this->bScannerEnabled; }
 	void setScannerEnabled(bool enabled);
 	QBindable<WifiDeviceMode::Enum> bindableMode() { return &this->bMode; }
 
@@ -175,12 +80,11 @@ signals:
 	void scannerEnabledChanged(bool enabled);
 
 private:
-	ObjectModel<WifiNetwork> mNetworks {this};
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiDevice, bool, bScannerEnabled, &WifiDevice::scannerEnabledChanged);
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WifiDevice, WifiDeviceMode::Enum, bMode, &WifiDevice::modeChanged);
 };
 
-}; // namespace qs::network
+} // namespace qs::network
 
 QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const qs::network::WifiNetwork* network);
 QDebug operator<<(QDebug debug, const qs::network::WifiDevice* device);

src/network/wired.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "wired.hpp"
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "enums.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+WiredDevice::WiredDevice(QObject* parent): NetworkDevice(DeviceType::Wired, parent) {}
+
+void WiredDevice::networkAdded(Network* net) {
+	this->NetworkDevice::networkAdded(net);
+	this->bNetwork = net;
+};
+void WiredDevice::networkRemoved(Network* net) {
+	this->NetworkDevice::networkRemoved(net);
+	this->bNetwork = nullptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/network/wired.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <qobject.h>
+#include <qproperty.h>
+#include <qqmlintegration.h>
+#include <qtmetamacros.h>
+#include <qtypes.h>
+
+#include "device.hpp"
+#include "network.hpp"
+
+namespace qs::network {
+
+///! Wired variant of a @@NetworkDevice.
+class WiredDevice: public NetworkDevice {
+	Q_OBJECT;
+	QML_ELEMENT;
+	QML_UNCREATABLE("");
+
+	/// The wired network for this device or `null`.
+	///
+	/// > [!NOTE] This network is only available when @@hasLink is `true`.
+	Q_PROPERTY(Network* network READ network NOTIFY networkChanged BINDABLE bindableNetwork);
+	/// The maximum speed of the physical device link, in megabits per second.
+	Q_PROPERTY(quint32 linkSpeed READ default NOTIFY linkSpeedChanged BINDABLE bindableLinkSpeed);
+	/// True if the wired device has a physical link (cable plugged in).
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool hasLink READ default NOTIFY hasLinkChanged BINDABLE bindableHasLink);
+
+public:
+	explicit WiredDevice(QObject* parent = nullptr);
+
+	void networkAdded(Network* net) override;
+	void networkRemoved(Network* net) override;
+
+	[[nodiscard]] Network* network() const { return this->bNetwork; }
+	QBindable<Network*> bindableNetwork() { return &this->bNetwork; }
+	QBindable<quint32> bindableLinkSpeed() { return &this->bLinkSpeed; }
+	QBindable<bool> bindableHasLink() { return &this->bHasLink; }
+
+signals:
+	void networkChanged();
+	void linkSpeedChanged();
+	void hasLinkChanged();
+
+private:
+	// clang-format off
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WiredDevice, Network*, bNetwork, &WiredDevice::networkChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WiredDevice, quint32, bLinkSpeed, &WiredDevice::linkSpeedChanged);
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(WiredDevice, bool, bHasLink, &WiredDevice::hasLinkChanged);
+	// clang-format on
+};
+
+} // namespace qs::network

src/services/pipewire/defaults.cpp

@@ -214,13 +214,24 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultSink(PwNode* node) {
 	qCInfo(logDefaults) << "Default sink changed to" << node;
 
 	if (this->mDefaultSink != nullptr) {
-		QObject::disconnect(this->mDefaultSink, nullptr, this, nullptr);
+		// Targeted disconnect is used because this can also be the default configured sink.
+		QObject::disconnect(
+		    this->mDefaultSink,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSinkDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	this->mDefaultSink = node;
 
 	if (node != nullptr) {
-		QObject::connect(node, &QObject::destroyed, this, &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSinkDestroyed);
+		QObject::connect(
+		    node,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSinkDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	emit this->defaultSinkChanged();
@@ -244,13 +255,24 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultSource(PwNode* node) {
 	qCInfo(logDefaults) << "Default source changed to" << node;
 
 	if (this->mDefaultSource != nullptr) {
-		QObject::disconnect(this->mDefaultSource, nullptr, this, nullptr);
+		// Targeted disconnect is used because this can also be the default configured source.
+		QObject::disconnect(
+		    this->mDefaultSource,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSourceDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	this->mDefaultSource = node;
 
 	if (node != nullptr) {
-		QObject::connect(node, &QObject::destroyed, this, &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSourceDestroyed);
+		QObject::connect(
+		    node,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultSourceDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	emit this->defaultSourceChanged();
@@ -274,7 +296,13 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultConfiguredSink(PwNode* node) {
 	qCInfo(logDefaults) << "Default configured sink changed to" << node;
 
 	if (this->mDefaultConfiguredSink != nullptr) {
-		QObject::disconnect(this->mDefaultConfiguredSink, nullptr, this, nullptr);
+		// Targeted disconnect is used because this can also be the default sink.
+		QObject::disconnect(
+		    this->mDefaultConfiguredSink,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultConfiguredSinkDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	this->mDefaultConfiguredSink = node;
@@ -282,7 +310,7 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultConfiguredSink(PwNode* node) {
 	if (node != nullptr) {
 		QObject::connect(
 		    node,
-		    &QObject::destroyed,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
 		    this,
 		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultConfiguredSinkDestroyed
 		);
@@ -309,7 +337,13 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultConfiguredSource(PwNode* node) {
 	qCInfo(logDefaults) << "Default configured source changed to" << node;
 
 	if (this->mDefaultConfiguredSource != nullptr) {
-		QObject::disconnect(this->mDefaultConfiguredSource, nullptr, this, nullptr);
+		// Targeted disconnect is used because this can also be the default source.
+		QObject::disconnect(
+		    this->mDefaultConfiguredSource,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
+		    this,
+		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultConfiguredSourceDestroyed
+		);
 	}
 
 	this->mDefaultConfiguredSource = node;
@@ -317,7 +351,7 @@ void PwDefaultTracker::setDefaultConfiguredSource(PwNode* node) {
 	if (node != nullptr) {
 		QObject::connect(
 		    node,
-		    &QObject::destroyed,
+		    &PwBindableObject::destroying,
 		    this,
 		    &PwDefaultTracker::onDefaultConfiguredSourceDestroyed
 		);

src/services/pipewire/node.cpp

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ void PwNode::initProps(const spa_dict* props) {
 				qCCritical(
 				    logNode
 				) << this
-				  << "has a device.id property that does not corrospond to a device object. Id:" << id;
+				  << "has a device.id property that does not correspond to a device object. Id:" << id;
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ PwVolumeProps PwVolumeProps::parseSpaPod(const spa_pod* param) {
 		const auto* volumes = reinterpret_cast<const spa_pod_array*>(&volumesProp->value);
 		spa_pod* iter = nullptr;
 		SPA_POD_ARRAY_FOREACH(volumes, iter) {
-			// Cubing behavior found in MPD source, and appears to corrospond to everyone else's measurements correctly.
+			// Cubing behavior found in MPD source, and appears to correspond to everyone else's measurements correctly.
 			auto linear = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(iter);
 			auto visual = std::cbrt(linear);
 			props.volumes.push_back(visual);
@@ -595,6 +595,45 @@ PwVolumeProps PwVolumeProps::parseSpaPod(const spa_pod* param) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (props.channels.isEmpty()) {
+		// See spa/param/audio/layout.h and pw utils.
+		using C = PwAudioChannel;
+		// clang-format off
+		switch (props.volumes.length()) {
+		case 1: props.channels = {C::Mono}; break;
+		case 2: props.channels = {C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight}; break;
+		case 3: props.channels = {C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::LowFrequencyEffects}; break;
+		case 4: props.channels = {C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::RearLeft, C::RearRight}; break;
+		case 5:
+			props.channels = {C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::FrontCenter, C::SideLeft, C::SideRight};
+			break;
+		case 6:
+			props.channels = {
+					C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::FrontCenter,
+					C::LowFrequencyEffects,
+					C::SideLeft, C::SideRight
+			};
+			break;
+		case 7:
+			props.channels = {
+					C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::FrontCenter,
+					C::RearLeft, C::RearRight,
+					C::SideLeft, C::SideRight
+			};
+			break;
+		case 8:
+			props.channels = {
+					C::FrontLeft, C::FrontRight, C::FrontCenter,
+					C::LowFrequencyEffects,
+					C::RearLeft, C::RearRight,
+					C::SideLeft, C::SideRight
+			};
+			break;
+		default: break;
+		}
+		// clang-format on
+	}
+
 	if (muteProp) {
 		spa_pod_get_bool(&muteProp->value, &props.mute);
 	}

src/services/pipewire/node.hpp

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public:
 		// This is equivalent to the media class `Video/Source` and is composed
 		// of the @@PwNodeType.Video and @@PwNodeType.Source flags.
 		VideoSource = Video | Source,
-		// A consumer of video, such as a program that is recieving a video stream.
+		// A consumer of video, such as a program that is receiving a video stream.
 		//
 		// This is equivalent to the media class `Video/Sink` and is composed of the
 		// @@PwNodeType.Video and @@PwNodeType.Sink flags.

src/services/pipewire/qml.hpp

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ class PwNodeAudioIface: public QObject {
 	///
 	/// > [!WARNING] This property is invalid unless the node is bound using @@PwObjectTracker.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QVector<qs::service::pipewire::PwAudioChannel::Enum> channels READ channels NOTIFY channelsChanged);
-	/// The volumes of each audio channel individually. Each entry corrosponds to
+	/// The volumes of each audio channel individually. Each entry corresponds to
 	/// the volume of the channel at the same index in @@channels. @@volumes and @@channels
 	/// will always be the same length.
 	///
@@ -274,13 +274,13 @@ class PwNodeIface: public PwObjectIface {
 	/// Mainly useful for debugging. You can inspect the node directly
 	/// with `pw-cli i <id>`.
 	Q_PROPERTY(quint32 id READ id CONSTANT);
-	/// The node's name, corrosponding to the object's `node.name` property.
+	/// The node's name, corresponding to the object's `node.name` property.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ name CONSTANT);
-	/// The node's description, corrosponding to the object's `node.description` property.
+	/// The node's description, corresponding to the object's `node.description` property.
 	///
 	/// May be empty. Generally more human readable than @@name.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString description READ description CONSTANT);
-	/// The node's nickname, corrosponding to the object's `node.nickname` property.
+	/// The node's nickname, corresponding to the object's `node.nickname` property.
 	///
 	/// May be empty. Generally but not always more human readable than @@description.
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString nickname READ nickname CONSTANT);

src/services/polkit/flow.hpp

@@ -127,14 +127,14 @@ signals:
 	///
 	/// This may be because the user entered the wrong password or otherwise
 	/// failed to authenticate.
-	/// This signal is not emmitted when the user canceled the request or it
+	/// This signal is not emitted when the user canceled the request or it
 	/// was cancelled by the PolKit daemon.
 	///
 	/// After this signal, a new session is automatically started for the same
 	/// identity.
 	void authenticationFailed();
 
-	/// Emmitted when on ongoing authentication request is cancelled by the PolKit daemon.
+	/// Emitted when an ongoing authentication request is cancelled by the PolKit daemon.
 	void authenticationRequestCancelled();
 
 	void selectedIdentityChanged();

src/services/polkit/module.md

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ A conversation can take multiple turns, for example if second factors are involv
 If authentication fails, we automatically create a fresh session so the user can try again.
 The @@Quickshell.Services.Polkit.AuthFlow.authenticationFailed signal is emitted in this case.
 
-If authentication is successful, you receive the @@Quickshell.Services.Polkit.AuthFlow.authenticationSucceeeded signal. At this point, the dialog can be closed.
+If authentication is successful, you receive the @@Quickshell.Services.Polkit.AuthFlow.authenticationSucceeded signal. At this point, the dialog can be closed.
 If additional requests are queued, you will receive the @@Quickshell.Services.Polkit.PolkitAgent.authenticationRequestStarted signal again.
 
 #### Cancelled requests

src/wayland/buffer/dmabuf.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "dmabuf.hpp"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include <EGL/egl.h>
 #include <EGL/eglext.h>
+#include <EGL/eglplatform.h>
 #include <GL/gl.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <gbm.h>
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <private/qrhivulkan_p.h>
 #include <qcontainerfwd.h>
 #include <qdebug.h>
+#include <qdir.h>
 #include <qlist.h>
 #include <qlogging.h>
 #include <qloggingcategory.h>
@@ -24,7 +27,7 @@
 #include <qopenglcontext_platform.h>
 #include <qpair.h>
 #include <qquickwindow.h>
-#include <qscopedpointer.h>
+#include <qscopeguard.h>
 #include <qsgrendererinterface.h>
 #include <qsgtexture_platform.h>
 #include <qtypes.h>
@@ -33,6 +36,8 @@
 #include <qwayland-linux-dmabuf-v1.h>
 #include <qwaylandclientextension.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
@@ -54,23 +59,33 @@ QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logDmabuf, "quickshell.wayland.buffer.dmabuf", QtWarningMsg)
 
 LinuxDmabufManager* MANAGER = nullptr; // NOLINT
 
+struct SupportedDrmFormat {
+	uint32_t drmFormat;
+	VkFormat vkFormat;
+};
+
+// XRGB/ARGB intentionally map to the same VK format.
+constexpr std::array<SupportedDrmFormat, 11> SUPPORTED_VK_FORMATS = {{
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_ARGB2101010, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB2101010, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_XBGR2101010, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_RGB565, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_R5G6B5_UNORM_PACK16},
+    {.drmFormat = DRM_FORMAT_BGR565, .vkFormat = VK_FORMAT_B5G6R5_UNORM_PACK16},
+}};
+
 VkFormat drmFormatToVkFormat(uint32_t drmFormat) {
-	// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-branch-clone): XRGB/ARGB intentionally map to the same VK format
-	switch (drmFormat) {
-	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB8888: return VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888: return VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888: return VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR8888: return VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_ARGB2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_XRGB2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_XBGR2101010: return VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_ABGR16161616F: return VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_RGB565: return VK_FORMAT_R5G6B5_UNORM_PACK16;
-	case DRM_FORMAT_BGR565: return VK_FORMAT_B5G6R5_UNORM_PACK16;
-	default: return VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
-	}
-	// NOLINTEND(bugprone-branch-clone)
+	const auto* it = std::ranges::find_if(SUPPORTED_VK_FORMATS, [&](const SupportedDrmFormat& f) {
+		return f.drmFormat == drmFormat;
+	});
+
+	if (it == SUPPORTED_VK_FORMATS.end()) return VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
+	return it->vkFormat;
 }
 
 bool drmFormatHasAlpha(uint32_t drmFormat) {
@@ -84,6 +99,13 @@ bool drmFormatHasAlpha(uint32_t drmFormat) {
 	}
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+T eglProc(const char* name) {
+	auto* proc = reinterpret_cast<T>(eglGetProcAddress(name));
+	if (!proc) qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to look up EGL proc:" << name;
+	return proc;
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const FourCCStr& fourcc) {
@@ -111,10 +133,13 @@ QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const WlDmaBuffer* buffer) {
 	return debug;
 }
 
-GbmDeviceHandle::~GbmDeviceHandle() {
-	if (this->device) {
-		MANAGER->unrefGbmDevice(this->device);
-	}
+GbmDevice::~GbmDevice() {
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Destroying GBM device on render node" << this->renderNode.c_str();
+	auto fd = gbm_device_get_fd(this->device);
+	gbm_device_destroy(this->device);
+	close(fd);
+
+	MANAGER->gbmDevices.removeIf([](const std::weak_ptr<GbmDevice>& d) { return d.expired(); });
 }
 
 // Prefer ARGB over XRGB: XRGB has undefined alpha bytes which cause
@@ -291,52 +316,311 @@ LinuxDmabufManager::LinuxDmabufManager(WlBufferManagerPrivate* manager)
 	}
 }
 
-void LinuxDmabufManager::feedbackDone() { this->manager->dmabufReady(); }
+bool LinuxDmabufManager::initRenderFormats(QQuickWindow* window) {
+	auto* ri = window->rendererInterface();
+	if (ri->graphicsApi() == QSGRendererInterface::Vulkan) {
+		return this->initRenderFormatsVk(window);
+	} else {
+		return this->initRenderFormatsGl(window);
+	}
+}
 
-GbmDeviceHandle LinuxDmabufManager::getGbmDevice(dev_t handle) {
-	struct DrmFree {
-		static void cleanup(drmDevice* d) { drmFreeDevice(&d); }
+bool LinuxDmabufManager::initRenderFormatsGl(QQuickWindow* window) {
+	auto* ri = window->rendererInterface();
+	auto* context = static_cast<QOpenGLContext*>(
+	    ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::OpenGLContextResource)
+	);
+
+	if (!context) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: No GL context.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto* qEglContext = context->nativeInterface<QNativeInterface::QEGLContext>();
+	if (!qEglContext) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: No EGL context.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto* display = qEglContext->display();
+
+	static auto* eglQueryDisplayAttribEXT =
+	    eglProc<PFNEGLQUERYDISPLAYATTRIBEXTPROC>("eglQueryDisplayAttribEXT");
+	static auto* eglQueryDeviceStringEXT =
+	    eglProc<PFNEGLQUERYDEVICESTRINGEXTPROC>("eglQueryDeviceStringEXT");
+	static auto* eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT =
+	    eglProc<PFNEGLQUERYDMABUFFORMATSEXTPROC>("eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT");
+	static auto* eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT =
+	    eglProc<PFNEGLQUERYDMABUFMODIFIERSEXTPROC>("eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT");
+
+	if (!eglQueryDisplayAttribEXT || !eglQueryDeviceStringEXT || !eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT
+	    || !eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT)
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	EGLAttrib deviceAttrib = 0;
+	if (!eglQueryDisplayAttribEXT(display, EGL_DEVICE_EXT, &deviceAttrib)) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to find render device: device display attrib missing.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto* dev = reinterpret_cast<EGLDeviceEXT>(deviceAttrib); // NOLINT
+
+	if (const auto* renderNode = eglQueryDeviceStringEXT(dev, EGL_DRM_RENDER_NODE_FILE_EXT)) {
+		this->renderNode = renderNode;
+	} else if (const auto* primaryNode = eglQueryDeviceStringEXT(dev, EGL_DRM_DEVICE_FILE_EXT)) {
+		this->renderNode = primaryNode;
+	} else {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to find render device: no render or primary node found.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Found render node:" << this->renderNode;
+
+	EGLint numFormats = 0;
+	if (!eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT(display, 0, nullptr, &numFormats)) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT failed.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (numFormats == 0) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: zero formats.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto formats = std::vector<EGLint>(numFormats);
+	if (!eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT(display, numFormats, formats.data(), &numFormats)) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: eglQueryDmaBufFormatsEXT failed.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Render formats:";
+	for (auto format: formats) {
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "  Format" << FourCCStr(format);
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Implicit Modifier";
+
+		EGLint numModifiers = 0;
+		if (!eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT(display, format, 0, nullptr, nullptr, &numModifiers)) {
+			qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT failed.";
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		auto modifiers = std::vector<EGLuint64KHR>(numModifiers);
+		auto externalOnly = std::vector<EGLBoolean>(numModifiers);
+		if (!eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT(
+		        display,
+		        format,
+		        numModifiers,
+		        modifiers.data(),
+		        externalOnly.data(),
+		        &numModifiers
+		    ))
+		{
+			qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: eglQueryDmaBufModifiersEXT failed.";
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		LinuxDmabufModifiers mods;
+		for (size_t i = 0; i != modifiers.size(); ++i) {
+			// External-only modifiers are required for some MGPU cases (usually involving nvidia).
+			// The work has not been done to support importing these, so they'll fall back to SHM.
+			auto external = externalOnly[i] == EGL_TRUE;
+			auto modifier = modifiers[i];
+
+			if (external) {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(modifier)
+				                   << "(external / skipped)";
+			} else {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(modifier);
+				mods.modifiers.push(modifier);
+			}
+		}
+
+		// It seems like EGL always supports implicit modifiers, however they don't work across GPUs so
+		// renderdev must be checked to match the tranche.
+		mods.implicit = true;
+
+		this->renderFormats.formats.push(qMakePair(format, mods));
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+bool LinuxDmabufManager::initRenderFormatsVk(QQuickWindow* window) {
+	auto* ri = window->rendererInterface();
+	auto* vkInst = window->vulkanInstance();
+
+	if (!vkInst) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: no QVulkanInstance.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto* vkDevicePtr =
+	    static_cast<VkDevice*>(ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::DeviceResource));
+	auto* vkPhysDevicePtr = static_cast<VkPhysicalDevice*>(
+	    ri->getResource(window, QSGRendererInterface::PhysicalDeviceResource)
+	);
+
+	if (!vkDevicePtr || !vkPhysDevicePtr) {
+		qCCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to query render formats: could not get Vulkan device.";
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	auto* physDevice = *vkPhysDevicePtr;
+	auto* instFuncs = vkInst->functions();
+
+	auto drmProps = VkPhysicalDeviceDrmPropertiesEXT {};
+	drmProps.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_DRM_PROPERTIES_EXT;
+
+	auto props2 = VkPhysicalDeviceProperties2 {
+	    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2,
+	    .pNext = &drmProps,
+	    .properties = {}
 	};
 
-	std::string renderNodeStorage;
-	std::string* renderNode = nullptr;
+	instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties2(physDevice, &props2);
 
-	auto sharedDevice = std::ranges::find_if(this->gbmDevices, [&](const SharedGbmDevice& d) {
-		return d.handle == handle;
-	});
+	auto devDri = QDir("/dev/dri");
+	auto entries = devDri.entryList(QDir::System);
+	auto findNode = [&](uint32_t maj, uint32_t min) -> QString {
+		for (const QString& file: entries) {
+			auto path = devDri.filePath(file);
+			struct stat st = {};
+			if (::stat(path.toLocal8Bit().constData(), &st) != 0) continue;
+			if (major(st.st_rdev) == maj && minor(st.st_rdev) == min) {
+				return path;
+			}
+		}
+		return {};
+	};
 
-	if (sharedDevice != this->gbmDevices.end()) {
-		renderNode = &sharedDevice->renderNode;
+	QString node;
+	if (drmProps.hasRender) node = findNode(drmProps.renderMajor, drmProps.renderMinor);
+	else if (drmProps.hasPrimary) {
+		node = findNode(drmProps.primaryMajor, drmProps.primaryMinor);
+	}
+
+	if (!node.isEmpty()) {
+		this->renderNode = node.toLocal8Bit();
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Found render node:" << this->renderNode;
+	}
+
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Render formats:";
+	for (const auto& format: SUPPORTED_VK_FORMATS) {
+		auto modList = VkDrmFormatModifierPropertiesListEXT {
+		    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_PROPERTIES_LIST_EXT,
+		    .pNext = nullptr,
+		    .drmFormatModifierCount = 0,
+		    .pDrmFormatModifierProperties = nullptr,
+		};
+
+		auto props2 = VkFormatProperties2 {
+		    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FORMAT_PROPERTIES_2,
+		    .pNext = &modList,
+		    .formatProperties = {},
+		};
+
+		instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties2(physDevice, format.vkFormat, &props2);
+		if (modList.drmFormatModifierCount == 0) continue;
+
+		auto vkMods = std::vector<VkDrmFormatModifierPropertiesEXT>(modList.drmFormatModifierCount);
+		modList.pDrmFormatModifierProperties = vkMods.data();
+
+		instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties2(physDevice, format.vkFormat, &props2);
+
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "  Format" << FourCCStr(format.drmFormat);
+
+		LinuxDmabufModifiers mods;
+		for (const auto& m: vkMods) {
+			auto modInfo = VkPhysicalDeviceImageDrmFormatModifierInfoEXT {
+			    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_IMAGE_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_INFO_EXT,
+			    .pNext = nullptr,
+			    .drmFormatModifier = m.drmFormatModifier,
+			    .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
+			    .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
+			    .pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr,
+			};
+
+			auto info = VkPhysicalDeviceImageFormatInfo2 {
+			    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_IMAGE_FORMAT_INFO_2,
+			    .pNext = &modInfo,
+			    .format = format.vkFormat,
+			    .type = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
+			    .tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_DRM_FORMAT_MODIFIER_EXT,
+			    .usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT,
+			    .flags = {},
+			};
+
+			auto props = VkImageFormatProperties2 {
+			    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_FORMAT_PROPERTIES_2,
+			    .pNext = nullptr,
+			    .imageFormatProperties = {},
+			};
+
+			auto r = instFuncs->vkGetPhysicalDeviceImageFormatProperties2(physDevice, &info, &props);
+			if (r == VK_SUCCESS) {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(m.drmFormatModifier);
+				mods.modifiers.push(m.drmFormatModifier);
+			} else if (r == VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(m.drmFormatModifier)
+				                   << "(not usable)";
 			} else {
-		drmDevice* drmDevPtr = nullptr;
-		if (auto error = drmGetDeviceFromDevId(handle, 0, &drmDevPtr); error != 0) {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(m.drmFormatModifier)
+				                   << "(unknown error)";
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (mods.modifiers.isEmpty()) continue;
+
+		// We don't enable implicit modifiers because they seem to be broken in our current impl.
+		this->renderFormats.formats.push(qMakePair(format.drmFormat, mods));
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+void LinuxDmabufManager::feedbackDone() { this->manager->dmabufReady(); }
+
+std::shared_ptr<GbmDevice> LinuxDmabufManager::getGbmDevice(dev_t handle) {
+	for (const auto& weak: this->gbmDevices) {
+		auto shared = weak.lock();
+		if (shared->handle == handle) {
+			qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Used existing GBM device on render node" << shared->renderNode.c_str();
+			return shared;
+		}
+	}
+
+	drmDevice* drmDev = nullptr;
+	if (auto error = drmGetDeviceFromDevId(handle, 0, &drmDev); error != 0) {
 		qCWarning(logDmabuf) << "Failed to get drm device information from handle:"
 		                     << qt_error_string(error);
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-		auto drmDev = QScopedPointer<drmDevice, DrmFree>(drmDevPtr);
+	auto freeDrmDev = qScopeGuard([&] { drmFreeDevice(&drmDev); });
 
-		if (!(drmDev->available_nodes & (1 << DRM_NODE_RENDER))) {
+	std::string renderNodeStorage;
+	if (drmDev->available_nodes & (1 << DRM_NODE_RENDER)) {
+		renderNodeStorage = drmDev->nodes[DRM_NODE_RENDER]; // NOLINT
+	} else if (drmDev->available_nodes & (1 << DRM_NODE_PRIMARY)) {
+		renderNodeStorage = drmDev->nodes[DRM_NODE_PRIMARY]; // NOLINT
+	} else {
 		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Cannot create GBM device: DRM device does not have render node.";
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-		renderNodeStorage = drmDev->nodes[DRM_NODE_RENDER]; // NOLINT
-		renderNode = &renderNodeStorage;
-		sharedDevice = std::ranges::find_if(this->gbmDevices, [&](const SharedGbmDevice& d) {
-			return d.renderNode == renderNodeStorage;
-		});
+	for (const auto& weak: this->gbmDevices) {
+		auto shared = weak.lock();
+		if (shared->renderNode == renderNodeStorage) {
+			qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Used existing GBM device on render node" << renderNodeStorage.c_str();
+			return shared;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (sharedDevice != this->gbmDevices.end()) {
-		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Used existing GBM device on render node" << *renderNode;
-		++sharedDevice->refcount;
-		return sharedDevice->device;
-	} else {
-		auto fd = open(renderNode->c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
+	auto fd = open(renderNodeStorage.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (fd < 0) {
-			qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Could not open render node" << *renderNode << ":"
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Could not open render node" << renderNodeStorage.c_str() << ":"
 		                   << qt_error_string(fd);
 		return nullptr;
 	}
@@ -344,53 +628,17 @@ GbmDeviceHandle LinuxDmabufManager::getGbmDevice(dev_t handle) {
 	auto* device = gbm_create_device(fd);
 
 	if (!device) {
-			qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create GBM device from render node" << *renderNode;
+		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create GBM device from render node"
+		                   << renderNodeStorage.c_str();
 		close(fd);
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Created GBM device on render node" << *renderNode;
+	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Created GBM device on render node" << renderNodeStorage.c_str();
 
-		this->gbmDevices.push_back({
-		    .handle = handle,
-		    .renderNode = std::move(renderNodeStorage),
-		    .device = device,
-		    .refcount = 1,
-		});
-
-		return device;
-	}
-}
-
-void LinuxDmabufManager::unrefGbmDevice(gbm_device* device) {
-	auto iter = std::ranges::find_if(this->gbmDevices, [device](const SharedGbmDevice& d) {
-		return d.device == device;
-	});
-	if (iter == this->gbmDevices.end()) return;
-
-	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Lost reference to GBM device" << device;
-
-	if (--iter->refcount == 0) {
-		auto fd = gbm_device_get_fd(iter->device);
-		gbm_device_destroy(iter->device);
-		close(fd);
-
-		this->gbmDevices.erase(iter);
-		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Destroyed GBM device" << device;
-	}
-}
-
-GbmDeviceHandle LinuxDmabufManager::dupHandle(const GbmDeviceHandle& handle) {
-	if (!handle) return GbmDeviceHandle();
-
-	auto iter = std::ranges::find_if(this->gbmDevices, [&handle](const SharedGbmDevice& d) {
-		return d.device == *handle;
-	});
-	if (iter == this->gbmDevices.end()) return GbmDeviceHandle();
-
-	qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Duplicated GBM device handle" << *handle;
-	++iter->refcount;
-	return GbmDeviceHandle(*handle);
+	auto shared = std::make_shared<GbmDevice>(handle, std::move(renderNodeStorage), device);
+	this->gbmDevices.push_back(shared);
+	return shared;
 }
 
 WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(const WlBufferRequest& request) {
@@ -400,17 +648,68 @@ WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(const WlBufferRequest& request) {
 		}
 
 		LinuxDmabufFormatSelection formats;
-		for (const auto& format: request.dmabuf.formats) {
-			if (!format.modifiers.isEmpty()) {
-				formats.formats.push(
-				    qMakePair(format.format, LinuxDmabufModifiers {.modifiers = format.modifiers})
-				);
-			} else {
-				for (const auto& trancheFormat: tranche.formats.formats) {
-					if (trancheFormat.first == format.format) {
-						formats.formats.push(trancheFormat);
+		for (const auto& requestFormat: request.dmabuf.formats) {
+			for (const auto& [renderFormat, renderFormatModifiers]: this->renderFormats.formats) {
+				if (renderFormat != requestFormat.format) continue;
+
+				if (!requestFormat.modifiers.isEmpty()) {
+					LinuxDmabufModifiers mods;
+					mods.implicit = requestFormat.implicit && renderFormatModifiers.implicit;
+
+					for (auto mod: requestFormat.modifiers) {
+						for (auto renderMod: renderFormatModifiers.modifiers) {
+							if (mod != renderMod) continue;
+							mods.modifiers.push(mod);
+							break;
 						}
 					}
+
+					if (mods.implicit || !mods.modifiers.isEmpty()) {
+						formats.formats.push(qMakePair(requestFormat.format, mods));
+					}
+				} else {
+					for (const auto& [trancheFormat, trancheMods]: tranche.formats.formats) {
+						if (trancheFormat != requestFormat.format) continue;
+
+						LinuxDmabufModifiers mods;
+						mods.implicit = trancheMods.implicit && renderFormatModifiers.implicit;
+
+						for (auto mod: trancheMods.modifiers) {
+							for (auto renderMod: renderFormatModifiers.modifiers) {
+								if (mod != renderMod) continue;
+								mods.modifiers.push(mod);
+								break;
+							}
+						}
+
+						if (mods.implicit || !mods.modifiers.isEmpty()) {
+							formats.formats.push(qMakePair(trancheFormat, mods));
+						}
+
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (logDmabuf().isDebugEnabled()) {
+			qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Usable formats on device" << tranche.device;
+
+			// will be sorted on first use otherwise
+			formats.ensureSorted();
+
+			for (auto& [format, modifiers]: formats.formats) {
+				qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "  Format" << FourCCStr(format);
+
+				if (modifiers.implicit) {
+					qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Implicit Modifier";
+				}
+
+				for (const auto& modifier: modifiers.modifiers) {
+					qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "    Explicit Modifier" << FourCCModStr(modifier);
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -438,7 +737,7 @@ WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(const WlBufferRequest& request) {
 }
 
 WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(
-    GbmDeviceHandle& device,
+    const std::shared_ptr<GbmDevice>& device,
     uint32_t format,
     const LinuxDmabufModifiers& modifiers,
     uint32_t width,
@@ -457,15 +756,22 @@ WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(
 			return nullptr;
 		}
 
+		if (device->renderNode != this->renderNode) {
+			qCritical(logDmabuf) << "Failed to create gbm_bo: format supports only implicit modifier "
+			                        "which does not work across GPUs.";
+			return nullptr;
+		}
+
 		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Creating gbm_bo without modifiers...";
-		bo = gbm_bo_create(*device, width, height, format, flags);
+		buffer->usedImplicitModifier = true;
+		bo = gbm_bo_create(device->device, width, height, format, flags);
 	} else {
 		qCDebug(logDmabuf) << "Creating gbm_bo with modifiers...";
 
 		STACKLIST_VLA_VIEW(uint64_t, modifiers.modifiers, modifiersData);
 
 		bo = gbm_bo_create_with_modifiers2(
-		    *device,
+		    device->device,
 		    width,
 		    height,
 		    format,
@@ -514,7 +820,7 @@ WlBuffer* LinuxDmabufManager::createDmabuf(
 	    params.create_immed(static_cast<int32_t>(width), static_cast<int32_t>(height), format, 0);
 	params.destroy();
 
-	buffer->device = this->dupHandle(device);
+	buffer->device = device;
 	buffer->width = width;
 	buffer->height = height;
 	buffer->format = format;
@@ -561,8 +867,9 @@ bool WlDmaBuffer::isCompatible(const WlBufferRequest& request) const {
 	if (request.width != this->width || request.height != this->height) return false;
 
 	auto matchingFormat = std::ranges::find_if(request.dmabuf.formats, [this](const auto& format) {
+		if (format.format != this->format) return false;
 		return format.format == this->format
-		    && (format.modifiers.isEmpty()
+		    && (format.modifiers.isEmpty() || (format.implicit && this->usedImplicitModifier)
 		        || std::ranges::find(format.modifiers, this->modifier) != format.modifiers.end());
 	});
 
@@ -814,7 +1121,7 @@ WlBufferQSGTexture* WlDmaBuffer::createQsgTextureVulkan(QQuickWindow* window) co
 	VkDeviceMemory memory = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
 
 	// dup() is required because vkAllocateMemory with VK_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_HANDLE_TYPE_DMA_BUF_BIT_EXT
-	// takes ownership of the fd on succcess. Without dup, WlDmaBuffer would double-close.
+	// takes ownership of the fd on success. Without dup, WlDmaBuffer would double-close.
 	const int dupFd =
 	    dup(this->planes[0].fd); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-pointer-arithmetic)
 	if (dupFd < 0) {

src/wayland/buffer/dmabuf.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <EGL/egl.h>
 #include <gbm.h>
@@ -72,28 +73,16 @@ private:
 QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const FourCCStr& fourcc);
 QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const FourCCModStr& fourcc);
 
-class GbmDeviceHandle {
-public:
-	GbmDeviceHandle() = default;
-	GbmDeviceHandle(gbm_device* device): device(device) {}
+struct GbmDevice {
+	GbmDevice(dev_t handle, std::string renderNode, gbm_device* device)
+	    : handle(handle)
+	    , renderNode(std::move(renderNode))
+	    , device(device) {}
+	~GbmDevice();
+	Q_DISABLE_COPY_MOVE(GbmDevice);
 
-	GbmDeviceHandle(GbmDeviceHandle&& other) noexcept: device(other.device) {
-		other.device = nullptr;
-	}
-
-	~GbmDeviceHandle();
-	Q_DISABLE_COPY(GbmDeviceHandle);
-
-	GbmDeviceHandle& operator=(GbmDeviceHandle&& other) noexcept {
-		this->device = other.device;
-		other.device = nullptr;
-		return *this;
-	}
-
-	[[nodiscard]] gbm_device* operator*() const { return this->device; }
-	[[nodiscard]] operator bool() const { return this->device; }
-
-private:
+	dev_t handle = 0;
+	std::string renderNode;
 	gbm_device* device = nullptr;
 };
 
@@ -172,7 +161,7 @@ private:
 		uint32_t stride = 0;
 	};
 
-	GbmDeviceHandle device;
+	std::shared_ptr<GbmDevice> device;
 	gbm_bo* bo = nullptr;
 	wl_buffer* mBuffer = nullptr;
 	int planeCount = 0;
@@ -181,6 +170,7 @@ private:
 	uint64_t modifier = 0;
 	uint32_t width = 0;
 	uint32_t height = 0;
+	bool usedImplicitModifier = false;
 
 	friend class LinuxDmabufManager;
 	friend QDebug& operator<<(QDebug& debug, const WlDmaBuffer* buffer);
@@ -239,33 +229,31 @@ public:
 	[[nodiscard]] WlBuffer* createDmabuf(const WlBufferRequest& request);
 
 	[[nodiscard]] WlBuffer* createDmabuf(
-	    GbmDeviceHandle& device,
+	    const std::shared_ptr<GbmDevice>& device,
 	    uint32_t format,
 	    const LinuxDmabufModifiers& modifiers,
 	    uint32_t width,
 	    uint32_t height
 	);
 
+	bool initRenderFormats(QQuickWindow* window);
+
 private:
-	struct SharedGbmDevice {
-		dev_t handle = 0;
-		std::string renderNode;
-		gbm_device* device = nullptr;
-		qsizetype refcount = 0;
-	};
+	bool initRenderFormatsGl(QQuickWindow* window);
+	bool initRenderFormatsVk(QQuickWindow* window);
 
 	void feedbackDone();
 
-	GbmDeviceHandle getGbmDevice(dev_t handle);
-	void unrefGbmDevice(gbm_device* device);
-	GbmDeviceHandle dupHandle(const GbmDeviceHandle& handle);
+	std::shared_ptr<GbmDevice> getGbmDevice(dev_t handle);
 
+	LinuxDmabufFormatSelection renderFormats;
+	std::string renderNode;
 	QList<LinuxDmabufTranche> tranches;
-	QList<SharedGbmDevice> gbmDevices;
+	QList<std::weak_ptr<GbmDevice>> gbmDevices;
 	WlBufferManagerPrivate* manager;
 
 	friend class LinuxDmabufFeedback;
-	friend class GbmDeviceHandle;
+	friend struct GbmDevice;
 };
 
 } // namespace qs::wayland::buffer::dmabuf

src/wayland/buffer/manager.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-#include "manager.hpp"
 
+#include "manager.hpp"
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include <drm_fourcc.h>
 #include <qdebug.h>
 #include <qlogging.h>
 #include <qloggingcategory.h>
@@ -11,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <qvectornd.h>
 
 #include "../../core/logcat.hpp"
+#include "../../window/proxywindow.hpp"
 #include "dmabuf.hpp"
 #include "manager_p.hpp"
 #include "qsg.hpp"
@@ -22,12 +26,25 @@ namespace {
 QS_LOGGING_CATEGORY(logBuffer, "quickshell.wayland.buffer", QtWarningMsg);
 }
 
+void WlBufferRequest::DmaFormat::pushMod(uint64_t mod) {
+	if (mod == DRM_FORMAT_MOD_INVALID) {
+		this->implicit = true;
+	} else {
+		this->modifiers.push(mod);
+	}
+}
+
+bool WlBufferRequest::DmaFormat::modsDefined() const {
+	return this->implicit || !this->modifiers.isEmpty();
+}
+
 void WlBufferRequest::reset() { *this = WlBufferRequest(); }
 
 WlBuffer* WlBufferSwapchain::createBackbuffer(const WlBufferRequest& request, bool* newBuffer) {
+	static const bool noReuse = qEnvironmentVariableIsSet("QS_NO_BUFFER_REUSE");
 	auto& buffer = this->presentSecondBuffer ? this->buffer1 : this->buffer2;
 
-	if (!buffer || !buffer->isCompatible(request)) {
+	if (!buffer || !buffer->isCompatible(request) || noReuse) {
 		buffer.reset(WlBufferManager::instance()->createBuffer(request));
 		if (newBuffer) *newBuffer = true;
 	}
@@ -44,7 +61,36 @@ WlBufferManager* WlBufferManager::instance() {
 	return instance;
 }
 
-bool WlBufferManager::isReady() const { return this->p->mReady; }
+void WlBufferManager::initWindow(QQuickWindow* window) {
+	if (this->p->mRenderFormatsReady) return;
+	qCDebug(logBuffer) << "Initializing buffer manager";
+
+	static bool initWaiting = false;
+	if (!window || !window->isSceneGraphInitialized()) {
+		if (initWaiting) return;
+		initWaiting = true;
+		qCDebug(logBuffer) << "Waiting for scene graph to come online";
+		ProxiedWindow::callOnScenegraphInit([this](QQuickWindow* w) { this->initWindow(w); });
+		return;
+	}
+
+	qCDebug(logBuffer) << "Initializing render formats";
+	auto success = this->p->dmabuf.initRenderFormats(window);
+
+	if (!success) {
+		qCWarning(
+		    logBuffer
+		) << "Render format initialization failed. All buffers will fall back to SHM.";
+		this->p->mRenderFormatsFailed = true;
+	}
+
+	this->p->mRenderFormatsReady = true;
+	if (this->p->mDmabufFormatsReady) emit this->ready();
+}
+
+bool WlBufferManager::isReady() const {
+	return this->p->mDmabufFormatsReady && this->p->mRenderFormatsReady;
+}
 
 [[nodiscard]] WlBuffer* WlBufferManager::createBuffer(const WlBufferRequest& request) {
 	static const bool dmabufDisabled = qEnvironmentVariableIsSet("QS_DISABLE_DMABUF");
@@ -54,11 +100,16 @@ bool WlBufferManager::isReady() const { return this->p->mReady; }
 	qCDebug(logBuffer).nospace() << "  Dmabuf requests on device " << request.dmabuf.device
 	                             << " (disabled: " << dmabufDisabled << ')';
 
-	for (const auto& [format, modifiers]: request.dmabuf.formats) {
-		qCDebug(logBuffer).nospace() << "    Format " << dmabuf::FourCCStr(format)
-		                             << (modifiers.length() == 0 ? " (No modifiers specified)" : "");
+	for (const auto& format: request.dmabuf.formats) {
+		qCDebug(logBuffer).nospace() << "    Format " << dmabuf::FourCCStr(format.format)
+		                             << (format.modifiers.length() == 0 ? " (No modifiers specified)"
+		                                                                : "");
 
-		for (const auto& modifier: modifiers) {
+		if (format.implicit) {
+			qCDebug(logBuffer) << "      Implicit Modifier";
+		}
+
+		for (const auto& modifier: format.modifiers) {
 			qCDebug(logBuffer) << "      Explicit Modifier" << dmabuf::FourCCModStr(modifier);
 		}
 	}
@@ -74,7 +125,7 @@ bool WlBufferManager::isReady() const { return this->p->mReady; }
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-	if (!dmabufDisabled) {
+	if (!dmabufDisabled && !this->p->mRenderFormatsFailed) {
 		if (auto* buf = this->p->dmabuf.createDmabuf(request)) return buf;
 		qCWarning(logBuffer) << "DMA buffer creation failed, falling back to SHM.";
 	}
@@ -87,8 +138,8 @@ WlBufferManagerPrivate::WlBufferManagerPrivate(WlBufferManager* manager)
     , dmabuf(this) {}
 
 void WlBufferManagerPrivate::dmabufReady() {
-	this->mReady = true;
-	emit this->manager->ready();
+	this->mDmabufFormatsReady = true;
+	if (this->mRenderFormatsReady) emit this->manager->ready();
 }
 
 WlBufferQSGDisplayNode::WlBufferQSGDisplayNode(QQuickWindow* window)
@@ -123,6 +174,10 @@ void WlBufferQSGDisplayNode::setRect(const QRectF& rect) {
 	this->setMatrix(matrix);
 }
 
+void WlBufferQSGDisplayNode::setFiltering(QSGTexture::Filtering filtering) {
+	this->imageNode->setFiltering(filtering);
+}
+
 void WlBufferQSGDisplayNode::syncSwapchain(const WlBufferSwapchain& swapchain) {
 	auto* buffer = swapchain.frontbuffer();
 	auto& texture = swapchain.presentSecondBuffer ? this->buffer2 : this->buffer1;

src/wayland/buffer/manager.hpp

@@ -55,9 +55,12 @@ struct WlBufferRequest {
 	struct DmaFormat {
 		DmaFormat() = default;
 		DmaFormat(uint32_t format): format(format) {}
+		void pushMod(uint64_t mod);
+		[[nodiscard]] bool modsDefined() const;
 
 		uint32_t format = 0;
 		StackList<uint64_t, 10> modifiers;
+		bool implicit = false;
 	};
 
 	struct {
@@ -123,6 +126,7 @@ public:
 
 	static WlBufferManager* instance();
 
+	void initWindow(QQuickWindow* window);
 	[[nodiscard]] bool isReady() const;
 	[[nodiscard]] WlBuffer* createBuffer(const WlBufferRequest& request);
 

src/wayland/buffer/manager_p.hpp

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ public:
 	WlBufferManager* manager;
 	dmabuf::LinuxDmabufManager dmabuf;
 
-	bool mReady = false;
+	bool mDmabufFormatsReady = false;
+	bool mRenderFormatsReady = false;
+	bool mRenderFormatsFailed = false;
 };
 
 } // namespace qs::wayland::buffer

src/wayland/buffer/qsg.hpp

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ public:
 
 	void syncSwapchain(const WlBufferSwapchain& swapchain);
 	void setRect(const QRectF& rect);
+	void setFiltering(QSGTexture::Filtering filtering);
 
 private:
 	QQuickWindow* window;

src/wayland/hyprland/ipc/connection.cpp

@@ -74,10 +74,23 @@ HyprlandIpc::HyprlandIpc() {
 
 	// clang-format on
 
+	this->makeRequest("j/status", [&, this](bool success, QByteArray resp) {
+		if (success) {
+			this->bUsingLua = [&]() {
+				if (resp == "unknown request") return false;
+				auto json = QJsonDocument::fromJson(resp).object();
+				auto provider = json.value("configProvider");
+				return provider == "lua";
+			}();
+		} else {
+			qCWarning(logHyprlandIpc) << "Hyprland ipc status request failed.";
+		}
+
 		this->eventSocket.connectToServer(this->mEventSocketPath, QLocalSocket::ReadOnly);
 		this->refreshMonitors(true);
 		this->refreshWorkspaces(true);
 		this->refreshToplevels();
+	});
 }
 
 QString HyprlandIpc::requestSocketPath() const { return this->mRequestSocketPath; }

src/wayland/hyprland/ipc/connection.hpp

@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ public:
 
 	[[nodiscard]] HyprlandMonitor* monitorFor(QuickshellScreenInfo* screen);
 
+	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<bool> bindableUsingLua() const { return &this->bUsingLua; }
+
 	[[nodiscard]] QBindable<HyprlandMonitor*> bindableFocusedMonitor() const {
 		return &this->bFocusedMonitor;
 	}
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ signals:
 	void connected();
 	void rawEvent(HyprlandIpcEvent* event);
 
+	void usingLuaChanged();
 	void focusedMonitorChanged();
 	void focusedWorkspaceChanged();
 	void activeToplevelChanged();
@@ -155,6 +158,8 @@ private:
 
 	HyprlandIpcEvent event {this};
 
+	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(HyprlandIpc, bool, bUsingLua, &HyprlandIpc::usingLuaChanged);
+
 	Q_OBJECT_BINDABLE_PROPERTY(
 	    HyprlandIpc,
 	    HyprlandMonitor*,

src/wayland/hyprland/ipc/qml.cpp

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ void HyprlandIpcQml::refreshToplevels() { HyprlandIpc::instance()->refreshToplev
 QString HyprlandIpcQml::requestSocketPath() { return HyprlandIpc::instance()->requestSocketPath(); }
 QString HyprlandIpcQml::eventSocketPath() { return HyprlandIpc::instance()->eventSocketPath(); }
 
+QBindable<bool> HyprlandIpcQml::bindableUsingLua() {
+	return HyprlandIpc::instance()->bindableUsingLua();
+}
+
 QBindable<HyprlandMonitor*> HyprlandIpcQml::bindableFocusedMonitor() {
 	return HyprlandIpc::instance()->bindableFocusedMonitor();
 }

src/wayland/hyprland/ipc/qml.hpp

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ namespace qs::hyprland::ipc {
 class HyprlandIpcQml: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 	// clang-format off
+	/// True if Hyprland is running in lua mode. Dispatcher syntax changes when using lua.
+	///
+	/// This property will be false until the Hyprland module is initialized.
+	Q_PROPERTY(bool usingLua READ default NOTIFY usingLuaChanged BINDABLE bindableUsingLua);
 	/// Path to the request socket (.socket.sock)
 	Q_PROPERTY(QString requestSocketPath READ requestSocketPath CONSTANT);
 	/// Path to the event socket (.socket2.sock)
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ public:
 	/// Execute a hyprland [dispatcher](https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Dispatchers).
 	Q_INVOKABLE static void dispatch(const QString& request);
 
-	/// Get the HyprlandMonitor object that corrosponds to a quickshell screen.
+	/// Get the HyprlandMonitor object that corresponds to a quickshell screen.
 	Q_INVOKABLE static HyprlandMonitor* monitorFor(QuickshellScreenInfo* screen);
 
 	/// Refresh monitor information.
@@ -70,6 +74,7 @@ public:
 
 	[[nodiscard]] static QString requestSocketPath();
 	[[nodiscard]] static QString eventSocketPath();
+	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<bool> bindableUsingLua();
 	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<HyprlandMonitor*> bindableFocusedMonitor();
 	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<HyprlandWorkspace*> bindableFocusedWorkspace();
 	[[nodiscard]] static QBindable<HyprlandToplevel*> bindableActiveToplevel();
@@ -83,6 +88,7 @@ signals:
 	/// See [Hyprland Wiki: IPC](https://wiki.hyprland.org/IPC/) for a list of events.
 	void rawEvent(qs::hyprland::ipc::HyprlandIpcEvent* event);
 
+	void usingLuaChanged();
 	void focusedMonitorChanged();
 	void focusedWorkspaceChanged();
 	void activeToplevelChanged();

src/wayland/hyprland/ipc/workspace.cpp

@@ -151,7 +151,20 @@ void HyprlandWorkspace::clearUrgent() {
 }
 
 void HyprlandWorkspace::activate() {
+	if (this->ipc->bindableUsingLua().value()) {
+		QString name;
+		for (const auto c: this->bName.value()) {
+			switch (c.toLatin1()) {
+			case '"': name.append("\\\""); break;
+			case '\\': name.append("\\\\"); break;
+			default: name.append(c); break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		this->ipc->dispatch(QString("hl.dsp.focus({ workspace = \"%1\" })").arg(name));
+	} else {
 		this->ipc->dispatch(QString("workspace %1").arg(this->bName.value()));
 	}
+}
 
 } // namespace qs::hyprland::ipc

src/wayland/output_tracking.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@
 
 namespace qs::wayland {
 
+WlOutputTracker::WlOutputTracker() {
+	QObject::connect(
+	    static_cast<QGuiApplication*>(QGuiApplication::instance()), // NOLINT
+	    &QGuiApplication::screenRemoved,
+	    this,
+	    &WlOutputTracker::onQScreenRemoved
+	);
+}
+
 void WlOutputTracker::addOutput(::wl_output* output) {
 	auto* display = QtWaylandClient::QWaylandIntegration::instance()->display();
 
@@ -70,4 +79,11 @@ void WlOutputTracker::onQScreenAdded(QScreen* screen) {
 	}
 }
 
+void WlOutputTracker::onQScreenRemoved(QScreen* screen) {
+	// FIXME: this cannot catch wl_output removals before full initialization.
+	// This isn't a correctness problem because the screen is never made available to users
+	// or dereferenced but it does leave an extra dangling pointer in the list.
+	if (this->mScreens.removeOne(screen)) emit this->screenRemoved(screen);
+}
+
 } // namespace qs::wayland

src/wayland/output_tracking.hpp

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ class WlOutputTracker: public QObject {
 	Q_OBJECT;
 
 public:
+	WlOutputTracker();
+
 	[[nodiscard]] const QList<QScreen*>& screens() const { return this->mScreens; }
 
 signals:
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ public slots:
 
 private slots:
 	void onQScreenAdded(QScreen* screen);
+	void onQScreenRemoved(QScreen* screen);
 
 private:
 	QList<QScreen*> mScreens;

src/wayland/popupanchor.cpp

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ void WaylandPopupPositioner::reposition(PopupAnchor* anchor, QWindow* window, bo
 
 	anchor->updateAnchor();
 
-	// If a popup becomes invisble after creation ensure the _q properties will
+	// If a popup becomes invisible after creation ensure the _q properties will
 	// be set and not ignored because the rest is the same.
 	anchor->updatePlacement({popupRole != nullptr, 0}, window->size());
 

src/wayland/screencopy/image_copy_capture/image_copy_capture.cpp

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ void IccScreencopyContext::ext_image_copy_capture_session_v1_dmabuf_format(
 	auto reqFormat = buffer::WlBufferRequest::DmaFormat(format);
 
 	for (uint16_t i = 0; i != modifierCount; i++) {
-		reqFormat.modifiers.push(modifierArray[i]); // NOLINT
+		reqFormat.pushMod(modifierArray[i]); // NOLINT
 	}
 
 	this->request.dmabuf.formats.push(reqFormat);

src/wayland/screencopy/view.cpp

@@ -141,6 +141,8 @@ void ScreencopyView::componentComplete() {
 		    this,
 		    &ScreencopyView::onBuffersReady
 		);
+
+		bufManager->initWindow(this->window());
 	} else {
 		this->onBuffersReady();
 	}
@@ -167,6 +169,7 @@ QSGNode* ScreencopyView::updatePaintNode(QSGNode* oldNode, UpdatePaintNodeData*
 	auto& swapchain = this->context->swapchain();
 	node->syncSwapchain(swapchain);
 	node->setRect(this->boundingRect());
+	node->setFiltering(QSGTexture::Linear); // NOLINT (misc-include-cleaner)
 
 	if (this->mLive) this->context->captureFrame();
 	return node;

src/wayland/session_lock/session_lock.hpp

@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ public:
 
 signals:
 	// This signal is sent once the compositor considers the session to be fully locked.
-	// This corrosponds to the ext_session_lock_v1::locked event.
+	// This corresponds to the ext_session_lock_v1::locked event.
 	void locked();
 
 	// This signal is sent once the compositor considers the session to be unlocked.
-	// This corrosponds to the ext_session_lock_v1::finished event.
+	// This corresponds to the ext_session_lock_v1::finished event.
 	//
 	// The session lock will end in one of three cases.
 	// 1. unlock() is called.